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Łowicz Dialect
The Łowicz dialect or the Księżak dialect is a dialect of Polish spoken by the ethnic group of Łowiczans (Księżaks) inhabiting the historical region known as the around the cities of Łowicz and Skierniewice in south-western Masovia. It belongs to the Masovian dialect group and borders the Near Mazovian dialect to the north and east, the Lesser Poland dialect group, Lesser Polish Masovian Borderland dialect to the southeast, and the Łęczyca dialect to the south and west. The classification of the Łowicz dialect is debated. In the past it has been considered a Lesser Polish dialect, but there are many features placing it within the Masovian group. The Łowicz dialect shows many transitional features between Masovia, Lesser Poland and Greater Poland. Phonology Typical of Greater Polish as well as Lesser Polish dialects, voicing of word-final consonants before vowels and liquids is present here, including before clitics. Some villages show devoicing under influence from St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser Poland Dialect Group
The Lesser Polish dialect group () is a of dialect group of the Polish language used in Lesser Poland. The exact area is difficult to delineate due to the expansion of its features and the existence of transitional subdialects. The common traits of the Lesser Polish dialect include: * mazurzenie * regressive voicing of obstruents, including across word boundaries; e.g.: ''kot leci'' ɔd ˈlɛt͡ɕi(standard Polish: ɔt ˈlɛt͡ɕi * differentiated nasalisation (or lack thereof) of /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ in different parts of the area * merger of stop+fricative consonant clusters into affricates; e.g.: ''trzysta'' �t͡ʂɨsta(standard Polish: �tʂɨstaor �t͡ʂʂɨsta * frequent usage of initial syllable stress, also oxytonic stress in vocative case (as opposed to paroxytonic stress common in other varieties of Polish) * frequent usage of grammatical particle "że" in imperative mood ("weźże" vs. "weź" – take) List of dialects Descended from the language of the Vistula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dialects Of The Polish Language
Polish dialects are regional vernacular varieties of the Polish language, and often show developments starting from an earlier stage of the language, often Old Polish or Middle Polish, namely the development of the so-called "pitched" or "slanted" vowels (Polish ). Four major dialect groups (termed ) are typically recognized, each primarily associated with a particular geographical region, and often further subdivided into dialects (termed in Polish).Roland Sussex and Paul Cubberley (2006). ''The Slavic Languages''. Cambridge University Press. P. 530.Robert A. Rothstein (1994). "Polish". ''The Slavonic Languages'', edited by Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett. Routledge. Pp. 754–756. They are: * Greater Polish, spoken in the west * Lesser Polish, spoken in the south and southeast ** Goral, spoken in the mountains on the Poland-Slovakia border * Masovian, spoken throughout the central and eastern parts of the country * Silesian spoken in the southwest (sometimes also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pluralis Maiestatis
The royal ''we'', majestic plural (), or royal plural, is the use of a plural pronoun (or corresponding plural-inflected verb forms) used by a single person who is a monarch or holds a high office to refer to themself. A more general term for the use of a ''we'', ''us'', or ''our'' to refer to oneself is '' nosism''. Example In 1902, after the United Kingdom had been asked to arbitrate a boundary dispute between Argentina and Chile, King Edward VII issued the adjudication of the requested arbitration, known as the Cordillera of the Andes Boundary Case. The sentence following the preamble of the award begins as follows: In this quotation, underlining has been added to the words that exemplify the use of the majestic plural. Western usage The royal ''we'' is commonly employed by a person of high office, such as a monarch or other type of sovereign. It is also used in certain formal contexts by bishops and university rectors. William Longchamp is credited with its intr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Głuchów, Skierniewice County
Głuchów is a village in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Głuchów. It lies approximately south of Skierniewice and east of the regional capital Łódź Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Polan .... References Villages in Skierniewice County {{Skierniewice-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janisławice, Łódź Voivodeship
Janisławice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głuchów, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately north of Głuchów, south-west of Skierniewice, and east of the regional capital Łódź Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Polan .... References Villages in Skierniewice County {{Skierniewice-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Słupia, Skierniewice County
Słupia is a village in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Słupia. It lies approximately south-west of Skierniewice and east of the regional capital Łódź Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Polan .... References Villages in Skierniewice County {{Skierniewice-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazuration
Mazurzenie () or mazuration is the replacement or merger of Polish's series of postalveolar fricatives and affricates (written ) into the dentialveolar series (written ). This merger is present in many dialects, but is named for the Masovian dialect.Stanislaw Gogolewski, "Dialectology in Poland, 1873-1997", In: ''Towards a History of Linguistics in Poland'', by E. F. K. Koerner, A. J. Szwedek (eds.) (2001) p. 128/ref> This phonological feature is observed in dialects of Masuria and Masovia (Masovian dialect), as well as in most of Lesser Poland and parts of Silesia. There are also some peripheral mazurating islands in Greater Poland. The boundary of runs from north-east to south-west. It may have originated between the 14th and 16th centuries in the Masovian dialect. The feature is linked to the process of depalatalization (reduction of the number of palatalized consonants) similar to the phenomena of and ' in other dialects. A rarer term for mazuration is sakanie. In thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łęczyca Dialect
Łęczyca (; in full the Royal Town of Łęczyca, ; ; ) is a town of inhabitants in central Poland. Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the county seat of the Łęczyca County. Łęczyca is a capital of the historical Łęczyca Land. Origin of the name The town was probably named after a West Slavic ( Lechitic) tribe called Leczanie, which inhabited central Poland in the early Middle Ages. Some scholars however claim that the town was named after an Old Polish word łęg, which means a swampy plain. In medieval Latin documents, Łęczyca is called Lonsin, Lucic, Lunciz, Lantsiza, Loncizia, Lonsitia and Lunchicia. In the early 12th century, Gallus Anonymus called Łęczyca "Lucic", and in 1154, Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi named it Nugrada, placing it among other main towns of the Kingdom of Poland, such as Kraków, Sieradz, Gniezno, Wrocław and Santok. Location Łęczyca lies in the middle of the county, and has the area of . In the past, the town was the cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masovian Borderland Dialect
The Masovian Borderland dialect () belongs to the Lesser Poland dialect group and is located in the part of Poland. It borders the Kielce dialect to the south, the Łęczyca dialect to the east, the Western Lublin dialect, Masovian Łowicz dialect to the northeast, and the Near Mazovian dialect to the north. Similar to Łęczyca and Sieradz, influences from many dialect regions can be seen here. Phonology Atypical of Lesser Polish dialects, devoicing of word-final consonants before vowels and liquids is present here. More typical of Lesser Polish dialects is the presence of mazurzenie, as well as siakanie (kosiula) and sometimes even szadzenie (nażywaly (nazywali)). Vowels a raises to o before tautosyllabic j: dzisioj (dzisiaj). Many medial consonant clusters are also broken up with mobile e: bober (bóbr), meter (metr), Pioter (Piotr). In the north, i and y are very inconsistent, and often one replaces the other, especially in the north. Before liquids they may lower to e. Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Near Mazovian Dialect
The Near Masovian dialect () belongs to the Masovian dialect group and is located in the area surrounding the capital of Poland, Warsaw. It borders the Łowicz dialect to the southwest, the Lesser Polish Masovian Borderland dialect to the south, the Western Lublin dialect to the southeast, the Podlachia dialect to the east, the Far Mazovian dialect to the north, the Greater Polish Chełmno-Dobrzyń dialect to the northwest, the Kujawy dialect to the west, and the Lesser Polish Sieradz dialect to the southwest. The Near Masovian dialect is a younger dialect compared to others, and often is influenced by Polish from the capital. Phonology Typical of Masovian dialects, devoicing of word-final consonants before vowels and liquids is present here. Also typical of Masovian dialects is the presence of masuration. Vowels The shift of initial ja-, ra- > je-, re- is present but limited to particular words: jek (jak), remię (ramię). Ablaut is often levelled: wymietał (wymiatał ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balto-Slavic Languages
The Balto-Slavic languages form a branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family of languages, traditionally comprising the Baltic languages, Baltic and Slavic languages. Baltic and Slavic languages share several linguistic traits not found in any other Indo-European branch, which points to a period of common development and origin. A Proto-Balto-Slavic language is reconstructable by the comparative method, descending from Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European by means of well-defined Sound change, sound laws, and from which modern Slavic and Baltic languages descended. One particularly innovative dialect separated from the Balto-Slavic dialect continuum and became ancestral to the Proto-Slavic language, from which all Slavic languages descended. While the notion of a Balto-Slavic unity was previously contested largely due to political controversies, there is now a general consensus among academic specialists in Indo-European linguistics that Baltic an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
