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İmralı Prison
İmralı prison is a high-security prison on the island of İmralı in the Sea of Marmara in Turkey. It holds prisoners from the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and one prisoner of the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (TKP/ML). The prison facility is guarded by the military and is also monitored over satellite imagery from space. The prison was the scene of several memorable moments in Turkish history. Location The prison is located on İmralı island in the Sea of Marmara, south of Istanbul. The island is accessible by boat from Mudanya at the southern coast of the Sea of Marmara. History The idea to create an agricultural colony on the island existed since 1933. By 1935 the creation of semi-open prison facility was discussed in the Cumhuriyet. In January 1936 the first fifty inmates tasked to construct the dorms for the prison facility set foot on the island. Later they were deployed to fishing and engage in agriculture. The following years, the population of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bursa Province
Bursa Province () is a Provinces of Turkey, province and Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey, metropolitan municipality in Turkey along the Sea of Marmara coast in northwestern Anatolia. It borders Balıkesir Province, Balıkesir to the west, Kütahya Province, Kütahya to the south, Bilecik Province, Bilecik and Sakarya Province, Sakarya to the east, Kocaeli Province, Kocaeli to the northeast and Yalova Province, Yalova to the north. Its area is 10,813 km2, and its population is 3,194,720 (2022). Its Turkish car number plates#Location codes, traffic code is 16. Almost all of Bursa Province (including the city of Bursa) is in the Marmara Region, but the districts of Büyükorhan, Harmancık, Keles and Orhaneli are in the Aegean Region. The city of Bursa was the capital of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman State between 1326 and 1365, until the Ottoman conquest of Edirne, then known as Adrianople. Adrianople was the capital until Fall of Constantinople, 1453, when Constantinople ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Zone
A military exclusion zone (MEZ) is an area in the immediate vicinity of a military action established by a country to prevent the unauthorized entry of civilian personnel/equipment for their own safety or to protect natural assets already in place in the zone. It is also established to prevent an enemy from acquiring any material which could help them. The comparable term used by the air forces is that of no-fly zone. See also * Maritime Exclusion Zone * Total Exclusion Zone, an area declared by the United Kingdom 30 April 1982 covering a circle of 200 nautical miles around the Falklands Islands during the Falklands War. * Border zone * Restricted military area References *Webster's ''Webster's Dictionary'' is any of the US English language dictionaries edited in the early 19th century by Noah Webster (1758–1843), a US lexicographer, as well as numerous related or unrelated dictionaries that have adopted the Webster's n ... New Millennium Dictionary of English, Preview ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Atlanta Constitution
''The Atlanta Journal-Constitution'' (''AJC'') is an American daily newspaper based in metropolitan area of Atlanta, Georgia. It is the flagship publication of Cox Enterprises. The ''Atlanta Journal-Constitution'' is the result of the merger between ''The Atlanta Journal'' and ''The Atlanta Constitution''. The two staffs were combined in 1982. Separate publication of the morning ''Constitution'' and the afternoon ''Journal'' ended in 2001 in favor of a single morning paper under the ''Journal-Constitution'' name. The ''Atlanta Journal-Constitution'' has its headquarters in the Atlanta suburb of Dunwoody, Georgia. It was formerly co-owned with television flagship WSB-TV and six radio stations, which are located separately in midtown Atlanta; the newspaper remained part of Cox Enterprises, while WSB became part of an independent Cox Media Group. ''The Atlanta Constitution'' In 1868, Carey Wentworth Styles, along with his joint venture partners James Anderson and (future ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celâl Bayar
Mahmut Celâlettin "Celâl" Bayar (16 May 1883 – 22 August 1986) was a Turkish economist and politician who was the third president of Turkey from 1950 to 1960. He previously served as the prime minister of Turkey from 1937 to 1939. Bayar began his career in the Committee of Union and Progress, establishing its Izmir and Bursa branches. Following the declaration of the Republic, he founded much of Turkey's early financial institutions, including the country's first bank, İş Bankası. An advocate of liberal economic policies, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk appointed Bayar prime minister in 1937 to liberalize the economy, until he resigned in 1939 under Atatürk's successor, İsmet İnönü. Until 1945, he was a member of Republican People's Party (CHP) which was the sole legal party. In 1946, he founded the Democrat Party along with Adnan Menderes, Fuat Köprülü and Refik Koraltan beginning Turkey's multiparty period, which still goes on to this day. A peaceful transf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yol (film)
''Yol'' (; translated as ''The Way'', ''The Road'' or ''The Path'') is a 1982 Turkish film directed by Yılmaz Güney and Şerif Gören. The screenplay was written by Güney—who at the time was in prison—with detailed directing instructions, which were carried out by his assistant Gören. Later, after Güney escaped from İmralı prison, Imrali prison, took the negatives of the film to Switzerland and later edited it in Paris. The film is a portrait of Turkey in the aftermath of the 1980 Turkish coup d'état: its people and its authorities are shown via the stories of five prisoners given a week's home leave. The film has caused much controversy in Turkey, and was banned until 1999. However, it won numerous honours, including the Palme d'Or at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival. It also was selected as the Swiss entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, Best Foreign Language Film at the 55th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. Plot In Turkey, sever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midnight Express (book)
''Midnight Express'' is a 1977 nonfiction book by Billy Hayes and William Hoffer about Hayes' experience as a young American who was sent to a Turkish prison. The U.S. had declared a "War on Drugs" in the early 1970s, and Hayes was made an example of for trying to smuggle hashish out of Turkey. When his sentence was extended to 30 years, he decided to make his escape. The book was adapted by Oliver Stone and directed by Alan Parker Sir Alan William Parker (14 February 1944 – 31 July 2020) was an English film director, screenwriter and producer. His early career, beginning in his late teens, was spent as a copywriter and director of television advertisements. After abo ... into a 1978 feature film of the same name that took many liberties with the book. After reading the book, Australian country music singer Shane Nicholson recorded an album and title track, '' Bad Machines'', which was inspired by the book. Editions *Dutton, 1977. (First edition) References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alan Parker
Sir Alan William Parker (14 February 1944 – 31 July 2020) was an English film director, screenwriter and producer. His early career, beginning in his late teens, was spent as a copywriter and director of television advertisements. After about ten years of filming adverts, many of which won awards for creativity, he began screenwriting and directing films. Parker was known for using a wide range of filmmaking styles and working in differing genres. He directed musicals, including ''Bugsy Malone'' (1976), ''Fame (1980 film), Fame'' (1980), ''Pink Floyd – The Wall'' (1982), ''The Commitments (film), The Commitments'' (1991) and ''Evita (1996 film), Evita'' (1996); true-story dramas, including ''Midnight Express (film), Midnight Express'' (1978), ''Mississippi Burning'' (1988), ''Come See the Paradise'' (1990) and ''Angela's Ashes (film), Angela's Ashes'' (1999); family dramas, including ''Shoot the Moon'' (1982), and horrors and thrillers including ''Angel Heart'' (1987) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midnight Express (film)
''Midnight Express'' is a 1978 prison drama film directed by Alan Parker and adapted by Oliver Stone from Billy Hayes's 1977 memoir of the same name. The film centers on Hayes (played by Brad Davis), a young American student, who is sent to a Turkish prison for trying to smuggle hashish out of the country. The film's title is prison slang for his escape attempt. The cast also features Irene Miracle, John Hurt, Bo Hopkins, Paul L. Smith and Randy Quaid. Upon release, ''Midnight Express'' received generally positive reviews from critics. Many praised Davis's performance as well as the cast, the writing, the direction, and the musical score by Giorgio Moroder. Hayes and others criticized the film for portraying the Turkish prison men as violent and villainous and for deviating too much from the source material. The film was nominated for Best Picture and Best Director for Parker at the 51st Academy Awards in 1979, and won Best Adapted Screenplay for Stone and Best Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechens
The Chechens ( ; , , Old Chechen: Нахчой, ''Naxçoy''), historically also known as ''Kistin, Kisti'' and ''Durdzuks'', are a Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe ... is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles." They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Republic of Chechnya, Chechnya, an Republics of Russia, autonomous republic within the Russian Federation. The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yılmaz Güney
Yılmaz Güney (' Pütün; 1 April 1937 – 9 September 1984) was a Turkish film director, screenwriter, novelist, actor and communist political activist. He quickly rose to prominence in the Turkish film industry. Many of his works were made from a far-left perspective and devoted to the plight of working-class people in Turkey. Güney won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival in 1982 for the film '' Yol'' (The Road) which he co-directed with Şerif Gören. He was at constant odds with the Turkish government over the portrayal of Kurdish culture, people and language. After being convicted of killing judge Sefa Mutlu in 1974 (a charge which he denied), Güney fled the country and was later stripped of his citizenship. Yılmaz Güney died of gastric cancer on 9 September 1984, in Paris, France. He is buried at the Père Lachaise Cemetery Père Lachaise Cemetery (, , formerly , ) is the largest cemetery in Paris, France, at . With more than 3.5 million visitors annu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashish
Hashish (; ), usually abbreviated as hash, is a Compression (physics), compressed form of resin (trichomes) derived from the cannabis flowers. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Lisbon, As a Psychoactive drug, psychoactive substance, it is consumed plain or mixed with tobacco. It has a long history of use in countries such as Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco, and Egypt. Hashish consumption is also popular in Europe. In the United States, dried flowers or Cannabis concentrate, concentrates are more popular, and hash has seen a relative decrease in popularity following changes in laws that have indirectly allowed for the development and increased availability of cannabis extracts that are more potent than traditional hashish, although regional differences in product preferences exist. Like many recreational drugs, multiple synonyms and alternative names for hashish exist, and vary greatly depending on the country and native language. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Billy Hayes (writer)
William Hayes (born April 3, 1947) is an American writer, actor, film director and convicted drug smuggler. Hayes is best known for his autobiographical book '' Midnight Express'' about his experiences in and escape from a Turkish prison, after being convicted of smuggling hashish. Hayes was one of hundreds of U.S citizens in foreign jails serving drug charge sentences, following a drug-smuggling crackdown by foreign governments. Early life and education William "Billy" Hayes was born on April 3, 1947, in the Bronx, New York City, the son of William Hayes Senior, a Metropolitan Life Insurance executive and Dorothy E (Dottie) née Banks, a housewife. Raised in a Middle-Class household with a younger brother and sister, Hayes was educated privately at Seton Hall High School, Patchogue, a Catholic high school for boys in Long Island, New York, graduating in 1964. A major in Journalism, during his senior year at Marquette University, to the disappointment of his parents, Haye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
