Östliche Seespitze
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Östliche Seespitze
The Östliche Seespitze is a mountain, , in the Stubai Alps in Austria. It belongs to the Alpeiner Mountains (''Alpeiner Berge'') and is their second highest peak after the Ruderhofspitze. In addition, it is the highest point in the chain that runs northeast from the Westliche Seespitze, which separates the Falbesontal valley in the southeast from the Alpeiner Valley to the northwest. The ''Alpeiner Kräulferner'', a glacier on its north flank, gives the Östlichen Seespitze a much wilder appearance than from the south. Bases and ascents The easiest ascents up the Östliche Seespitze run over glaciers and require the right equipment and experience. The normal route A normal route or normal way (; ) is the most frequently used climbing route for ascending and descending a given mountain peak; it is usually the easiest and often the most straightforward route. Other generic names include the ''Tourism, tourist ... from the Neue Regensburger Hut takes about four hours to re ...
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Ruderhofspitze
At the Ruderhofspitze is the fourth highest mountain in the Stubai Alps in Austria. It is part of the Alpein Mountains (''Alpeiner Berge'') and lies in the Austrian state of Tyrol. As a result of its topographic isolation and good all-round views it is one of the most visited mountains in the Stubai. An almost two-kilometre-long arête, the ''Grawawand'', runs away from the summit to the east. Less prominent ridges run south and northwestwards from the Ruderhofspitze. The peak was first ascended on 30 August 1864 by Karl Baedeker (the son of Karl Baedeker), Anton von Ruthner and mountain guides Pankraz Gleinser and Alois Tanzer. Location and surrounding area The Ruderhofspitze lies a good six kilometres as the crow flies west of ''Ranalt'' in the Stubai valley and about ten kilometres east of Gries, a village in the municipality of Längenfeld in the Sulztal valley. The mountain is surrounded by glaciers. To the southeast, below the Grawawand is the ''Grawawandferner'' glac ...
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Stubai Alps
The Stubai Alps (, ) is a mountain range in the Central Eastern Alps of Europe. It derives its name from the Stubaital valley to its east and is located southwest of Innsbruck, Austria. Several peaks form the border between Austria and Italy. The range is bounded by the Inn River valley to the north; the Sill (river), Sill River valley (''Wipptal'') and the Brenner Pass to the east (separating it from the Zillertal Alps); the Ötztal and Timmelsjoch to the west (separating it from the Ötztal Alps), and to the south by tributaries of the Passer (river), Passer River and Eisack. Geography Important parts of the Stubai Alps show signs of glaciation. The northern part around the Sellrain valley and the Kühtai is now only lightly glaciated and a popular ski touring destination (Zischgeles, Lampsenspitze, Pirchkogel, Sulzkogel). The High Stubai around the upper Stubai valley is still heavily glaciated and a classic high mountain touring region in the Eastern Alps. Here there is a gla ...
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Tyrol (state)
Tyrol ( ; ; ) is an Austrian Provinces of Austria, federal state. It comprises the Austrian part of the historical County of Tyrol, Princely County of Tyrol. It is a constituent part of the present-day Euroregion Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino (together with South Tyrol and Trentino in Italy). The capital of Tyrol is Innsbruck. Geography Tyrol is separated into two parts, divided by a strip of Salzburg (federal state), Salzburg State. The two constituent parts of Tyrol are the northern and larger North Tyrol () and the southeastern and smaller East Tyrol ('). Salzburg State lies to the east of North Tyrol, while on the south Tyrol has a border to the Italy, Italian province of South Tyrol, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire before the First World War. With a land area of , Tyrol is the third-largest federal state in Austria. North Tyrol shares its borders with the federal states Salzburg in the east and Vorarlberg in the west. In the north, it adjoins the Germany ...
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Austria
Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city and state. Austria is bordered by Germany to the northwest, the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia to the northeast, Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The country occupies an area of and has Austrians, a population of around 9 million. The area of today's Austria has been inhabited since at least the Paleolithic, Paleolithic period. Around 400 BC, it was inhabited by the Celts and then annexed by the Roman Empire, Romans in the late 1st century BC. Christianization in the region began in the 4th and 5th centuries, during the late Western Roman Empire, Roman period, followed by the arrival of numerous Germanic tribes during the Migration Period. A ...
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Leopold Pfaundler Von Hadermur
Leopold Pfaundler von Hadermur (14 February 1839 – 6 May 1920) was an Austrian physicist and chemist born in Innsbruck. He was the father of pediatrician Meinhard von Pfaundler (1872–1947), and the father-in-law of pediatrician Theodor Escherich (1857–1911). Biography He studied under chemist Heinrich Hlasiwetz (1825–1875) at Innsbruck, with Justus von Liebig (1803–1873) at the University of Munich, and with Henri Victor Regnault (1810–1878) and Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1817–1884) in Paris. In 1861 he received his doctorate, and in 1867 was appointed professor of physics at the University of Innsbruck. In 1891 he succeeded Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) as professor of physics at the University of Graz. In 1887 he became a full member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences.
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Mountain
A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher than a hill, typically rising at least above the surrounding land. A few mountains are inselberg, isolated summits, but most occur in mountain ranges. mountain formation, Mountains are formed through tectonic plate, tectonic forces, erosion, or volcanism, which act on time scales of up to tens of millions of years. Once mountain building ceases, mountains are slowly leveled through the action of weathering, through Slump (geology), slumping and other forms of mass wasting, as well as through erosion by rivers and glaciers. High elevations on mountains produce Alpine climate, colder climates than at sea level at similar latitude. These colder climates strongly affect the Montane ecosystems, ecosystems of mountains: different elevations hav ...
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Glacier
A glacier (; or ) is a persistent body of dense ice, a form of rock, that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires distinguishing features, such as crevasses and seracs, as it slowly flows and deforms under stresses induced by its weight. As it moves, it abrades rock and debris from its substrate to create landforms such as cirques, moraines, or fjords. Although a glacier may flow into a body of water, it forms only on land“Glacier, N., Pronunciation.” Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, June 2024, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/7553486115. Accessed 25 Jan. 2025. and is distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water. On Earth, 99% of glacial ice is contained within vast ice sheets (also known as "continental glaciers") in the polar regions, but glaciers may be found in mountain ranges on ever ...
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Normal Route
A normal route or normal way (; ) is the most frequently used climbing route for ascending and descending a given mountain peak; it is usually the easiest and often the most straightforward route. Other generic names include the ''Tourism, tourist route'' or ''trade route'', and some climbing routes have specific 'normal route' names such as the "Yak Route" on Mount Everest. References

Hiking Climbing terminology {{Climbing-stub ...
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UIAA Grade
Many climbing routes have grades for the technical difficulty, and in some cases for the risks, of the route. The first ascensionist can suggest a grade but it will be amended for the ''consensus view'' of subsequent ascents. While many countries with a tradition of climbing developed their own grading systems, a small number of grading systems have become internationally dominant for each type of climbing, and which has led to the standardization of grading worldwide. Over the years, grades have consistently risen in all forms of climbing, helped by improvements in climbing technique and equipment. In free climbing (i.e. climbing rock routes with no aid), the most popular grading systems are the French numerical or sport system (e.g. f7c+), the American YDS system (e.g. 5.13a), and latterly the UIAA scale (e.g. IX+). These systems grade technical difficulty being the main focus of the lower-risk activity of sport climbing. The American system adds an R/X suffix to tradi ...
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Franz Senn Hut
The Franz Senn Hut () is a large and very popular Category I alpine hut in the Stubai Alps owned by the Austrian Alpine Club (''Österreichischer Alpenverein''). Reynolds, Kev (2009). ''Walking in Austria'', 1st ed., Cicerone, Milnthorpe, p. 125, . It is a large, well-appointed hut, named after Franz Senn. Access is from Oberiss in the Oberbergtal off the Stubaital above Neustift. History The Franz Senn Hut was opened on 15 September 1885 having cost 3,000 florins. At the time it had accommodation for 37 people including 4 women. It was extended in 1907/08 to 20 beds and 60 shakedowns and again in 1932/33 to 80 beds and 80 sleeping places. During the Second World War a goods cableway was erected. In 1960 the hut's capacity was increased to 220. The hut was named after a mountaineering pastor. Access * By train: to Innsbruck from there to Fulpmes (on the Stubai Valley railway) and from there by bus * By bus: to Neustift im Stubaital, village of Milders * By car: to Neustift ...
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