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ÖBB Class 1044
The ÖBB Class 1044/1144 is a series of four-axle electric locomotives designed and manufactored by Simmering-Graz-Pauker AG in Graz. Developed initially for the ÖBB, Austria's state-owned railway company, the model is considered to be a significant milestone in locomotive construction. Upon its introduction in 1976, the 1044s were among the most powerful four-axle electric locomotives in the world. They would serve until as ÖBB's flagship model until their replacement by the Siemens 1016/1116 series between 2001 and 2006. History In the late 1960s, the Swedish industrial conglomerate ASEA pioneered advancements in electric locomotive design through their development of thyristor gate switches, also known as silicon-controlled rectifiers or SCRs, for use in railway systems engineering. Their integration would allow operators to exercise greater control over voltage consumption and power switching in traction motors, improving efficiency, reliability, and safety. By th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiener Neustadt Hauptbahnhof
Wiener Neustadt Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in Wiener Neustadt, in the federal state of Lower Austria, south of Vienna. With over 700 trains and 25,000 passengers each day, the station is the busiest in Lower Austria. An important stop on both the South railway () and the Aspangbahn, the station is also a junction for the branch lines to Gutenstein, Payerbach and Mattersburg, the Pottendorfer line to Pottendorf-Landegg, and the Vienna S-Bahn ''Stammstrecke'' (main line) to Floridsdorf. All trains on the ''Südbahn'' stop here, as do all trains on the branch lines originating here. The station, which was completely reconstructed between 1997 and 2003, is also the starting point for most city bus lines in Wiener Neustadt. Directly connected to the station building is a branch of the Österreichische Post. History With the opening of the railway line between Vienna and Wiener Neustadt on 20 June 1841, the Wiener Neustadt station also came into operation. Ever since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EuroSprinter
The EuroSprinter family of electric locomotives is a modular concept of locomotives for the European market built by Siemens Mobility. The internal Siemens product name is ES 64, with ES for EuroSprinter and the number 64 indicating the 6,400 kW power at rail. Additional information is given in the name on the usage (U as universal, P as prototype and F as freight) and on the number of electric power systems supported (e. g. 2 as two types, 4 as all four systems commonly used in Europe). Development The first prototype ES 64 P was built in 1992, as Deutsche Bahn AG was expected to issue a large order of locomotives as a replacement for the ageing Einheits-Elektrolokomotiven. The external appearance was similar to the earlier Siemens/Krauss-Maffei made dual voltage Spanish RENFE Class 252, delivered in 1991, which in turn used three phase asynchronous drive technology introduced with the DB Class 120. The prototype was used for extensive tests in some countries in Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn
The Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn (BLS), known between 1997 and 2006 as the BLS Lötschbergbahn, was a Swiss railway company. In 2006 the company merged with Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG to form a new company called BLS AG. BLS owned the largest standard gauge network on the Swiss Railway system apart from the Swiss Federal Railways. The railway had not been built at the time that the Federal government took control of the five big Swiss standard gauge railway companies in 1902 and so it led a separate existence, being considered the largest of the Swiss "private" railways, although the majority of its capital was owned by the cantonal government of Canton of Bern, Bern, with the Confederation holding about one fifth. History Origins With the opening of the Gotthard railway line, Gotthard line in 1882 the canton of Bern became separated from the main north–south route. The administration, not being happy with the situation, made full use of its federal rights to build ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diode
A diode is a two-Terminal (electronics), terminal electronic component that conducts electric current primarily in One-way traffic, one direction (asymmetric electrical conductance, conductance). It has low (ideally zero) Electrical resistance and conductance, resistance in one direction and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor diode, the most commonly used type today, is a Crystallinity, crystalline piece of semiconductor material with a p–n junction connected to two electrical terminals. It has an Exponential function, exponential current–voltage characteristic. Semiconductor diodes were the first Semiconductor device, semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery of asymmetric electrical conduction across the contact between a Crystal, crystalline mineral and a metal was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874. Today, most diodes are made of silicon, but other semiconducting materials such as gallium arsenide and germanium are also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country by both area and population, and is the List of European countries by area, fifth-largest country in Europe. Its capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a population of 10.6 million, and a low population density of ; 88% of Swedes reside in urban areas. They are mostly in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden's urban areas together cover 1.5% of its land area. Sweden has a diverse Climate of Sweden, climate owing to the length of the country, which ranges from 55th parallel north, 55°N to 69th parallel north, 69°N. Sweden has been inhabited since Prehistoric Sweden, prehistoric times around 12,000 BC. The inhabitants emerged as the Geats () and Swedes (tribe), Swedes (), who formed part of the sea-faring peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ÖBB Class 1043
The ÖBB Class 1043 is a class of thyristor-controlled universal electric locomotives operated initially by ÖBB. The ten members of the class were derived from the Class Rc operated by the Swedish State Railways (SJ). The locomotives were the first in Austria to use thyristors. After successful test runs on the Semmering and Tauern mountain railway lines, the first four members of the class built by ASEA entered service with the ÖBB in 1971 and in the beginning of 1972, and the remaining six followed after a short delay while other Rc2 were manufactured in 1973. The engines were used for passenger and freights services, mainly in the Austrian Alpine regions. One member of the class (''1043.005'') was subsequently withdrawn from service in 1999, due to irreparable accident damage. The remaining nine units were sold in 2001 to TÅGAB and returned to Sweden as ''Tågab Rc2''. The first three engines were purchased by the Swedish Rail Administration (''Banverket ELL 0001R–000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970s
File:1970s decade montage.jpg, Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Gange ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traction Motor
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric vehicle, electric or hydrogen vehicles, or electric multiple unit trains. Traction (engineering), Traction motors are used in electrically powered railway vehicles (electric multiple units) and other electric vehicles including electric milk floats, trolleybuses, elevators, roller coasters, and conveyor systems, as well as vehicles with electrical transmission systems (Diesel locomotive#Transmission types, diesel–electric locomotives, electric hybrid vehicles), and battery electric vehicles. Traction motor companies The word ''traction'' from Latin, being the Agent (grammar), agent noun of ''trahere'' "to pull" in the sense of "drawn" was used for the naming of traction engines developed circa 1870. The first experimental electric traction motor tramway of 1875 was rapidly developed internationally for city use. In the 19th century traction motor passenger car companies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switch
In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical component that can disconnect or connect the conducting path in an electrical circuit, interrupting the electric current or diverting it from one conductor to another. The most common type of switch is an electromechanical device consisting of one or more sets of movable electrical contacts connected to external circuits. When a pair of contacts is touching current can pass between them, while when the contacts are separated no current can flow. Switches are made in many different configurations; they may have multiple sets of contacts controlled by the same knob or actuator, and the contacts may operate simultaneously, sequentially, or alternately. A switch may be operated manually, for example, a light switch or a keyboard button, or may function as a sensing element to sense the position of a machine part, liquid level, pressure, or temperature, such as a thermostat. Many specialized forms exist, such as the toggle swit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Train Driver
A train driver is a person who operates a train, railcar, or other rail transport vehicle. The driver is in charge of and is responsible for the mechanical operation of the train, train speed, and all of the train handling (also known as brake handling). Train drivers must follow certain guidelines for driving a train safely. Naming British English terms for a train driver include engine driver, engineman, and locomotive driver. The term in North American English is railroad engineer, but the simpler term engineer is more commonly used. Terms for a train driver in other English dialects include locomotive handler, locomotive engineer, locomotive operator, train operator, and motorman. In American English, a hostler (also known as a switcher) moves engines around rail yards, but does not take them out on the main line tracks; the British English equivalent is a shunter. Career progression For many American railroads, the following career progression is typical: assistant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Engineering
Railway engineering is a multi-faceted engineering discipline dealing with the design, construction and operation of all types of rail transport systems. It includes a wide range of engineering disciplines, including(but not limited to) civil engineering, computer engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering and production engineering. History With the advent of the railways in the early nineteenth century, a need arose for specialized engineers capable of dealing with the unique problems associated with railway engineering. As the railways expanded and became a major part in logistics, more engineers became involved in the field, probably the most notable in Britain being Richard Trevithick, George Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Subfields *Mechanical engineering * Electrical engineering ** Command, control & railway signalling *** SCADA *** Network design * Civil engineering ** Permanent way engineering * Railway systems eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silicon Controlled Rectifier
A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor controlled rectifier (SCR) is a four-layer solid-state current-controlling device. The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is General Electric's trade name for a type of thyristor. The principle of four-layer p–n–p–n switching was developed by Moll, Tanenbaum, Goldey, and Holonyak of Bell Laboratories in 1956. The practical demonstration of silicon controlled switching and detailed theoretical behavior of a device in agreement with the experimental results was presented by Dr Ian M. Mackintosh of Bell Laboratories in January 1958. The SCR was developed by a team of power engineers led by Gordon Hall and commercialized by Frank W. "Bill" Gutzwiller in 1957. Some sources define silicon-controlled rectifiers and thyristors as synonymous while other sources define silicon-controlled rectifiers as a proper subset of the set of thyristors; the latter being devices with at least four layers of alternating n- and p-type ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
