The Turks in Hungary, also referred to as Turkish Hungarians and Hungarian Turks, ( hu, Magyarországi törökök, tr, Macaristan Türkleri) refers to ethnic Turks living in Hungary. The Turkish people first began to migrate predominantly from Anatolia during the Ottoman rule of Hungary (1541-1699). A second wave of Ottoman-Turkish migration occurred in the late 19th century when relations between the Ottoman Empire and the

Austro-Hungarian Empire Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

improved; most of these immigrants settled in Budapest. Moreover, there has also been a recent migration of Turks from the

Republic of Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

, as well as other post-Ottoman states (such as Bulgaria).

History

Culture

Language

Most Hungarian Turks are

bilingual Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all E ...

and can speak both

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

and Hungarian. Moreover, due to the Ottoman rule during the 16th-17th centuries, the Turkish language has also influenced greater Hungarian society; today, there are still numerous Turkish loanwords in the Hungarian language.

Religion

The Turkish people, alongside the Arabs, make up the majority of the

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

population in Hungary. Several Ottoman-Turkish historical

mosques A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, i ...

are used by the Muslim community, including the Yakovali Hassan Pasha Mosque in Pécs, and the Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos.. File:Hungary Eger minaret.jpg, The Eger minaret. File:Hungary Pecs 2005 June 039.jpg, Mosque of Pasha Qasim in Pécs (now a church). File:Malkocs bej dzsami Siklos.jpg, Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos File:Pécs - Yakovali Hassan Mosque 01.jpg, Yakovali Hassan Mosque in Pécs

Population

According to the 2001 census, 2,711 inhabitants declared their language under the "Turkish language family", of which, the majority (57.73%) stated that they belonged to the "Ottoman Turkish" ethnicity (1,565). Furthermore, 12 individuals declared to be "Turk" and 91 "Bulgarian-Turkish" (see Bulgarian Turks); the rest declared other Turkic ethnicities. In the 2011 census 5,209 inhabitants declared themselves under "Török nyelvek" ("Turkish languages"); however, the publication does not show the distinction between different Turkic groups. In addition, there is also approximately 2,500 recent Turkish immigrants from Turkey living in Hungary.

Organizations and associations

In 2005 the Turkish community, alongside ethnic Hungarian Muslims, established "The Dialogue Platform". By 2012, a new Turkish cultural association the " Gül Baba Turkish-Hungarian Cultural Association" was established in

Szentendre Szentendre () is a riverside town in Pest County, Hungary, between the capital city Budapest and Pilis Mountains, Pilis-Visegrád Mountains. The town is known for its museums (most notably the :hu: Szentendrei Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, Open- ...

, near Budapest.

Notable people

Zakaria Erzinçlioğlu Zakaria Erzinçlioğlu (30 December 1951 – 26 September 2002), also known as Dr Zak, was a British forensic entomologist. He used his expertise in insect biology in criminal investigations and solved more than 200 murders, earning him an intern ...

, Britain's leading forensic entomologist *

György Ekrem-Kemál György Ekrem-Kemál (29 June 1945 – 12 June 2009) was a Hungary, Hungarian nationalism, nationalist, "Arrow_Cross_Party#Ideology, Hungarist", far-right_politics, far-right politician, political figure, and leader of several organizations asso ...

, far-right politician (Turkish father and Hungarian mother) * İbrahim Peçevi, Ottoman historian-chronicler (Turkish father and Bosnian mother) * Can Togay, actor, film director, and creator of the

Shoes on the Danube Bank The Shoes on the Danube Bank () is a memorial erected on 16 April 2005, in Budapest, Hungary. Conceived by film director Can Togay, he created it on the east bank of the Danube River with sculptor to honour the Jews who were massacred by fascis ...

Holocaust memorial

References

{{Turkish people by country Hungary Hungary * Ethnic groups in Hungary Muslim communities in Europe