Mohammed V (10 August 1909 – 26 February 1961) (Arabic: محمد الخامس‎) was Sultan of Morocco from 1927 to 1953, exiled from 1953 to 1955, where he was again recognized as Sultan upon his return, and King from 1957 to 1961. His full name was Sidi Mohammed ben Yusef, or Son of (Sultan) Yusef, upon whose death he succeeded to the throne. He was a member of the Alaouite Dynasty. On 20 August 1953, the French who were occupying Morocco at the time forced Mohammed V and his family into exile on Corsica. His uncle, Mohammed Ben Aarafa, was placed on the throne. Mohammed V and his family were then transferred to Madagascar in January 1954. Mohammed V returned from exile on 16 November 1955, and was again recognized as Sultan after active opposition to the French protectorate. In February 1956 he successfully negotiated with France and Spain for the independence of Morocco, and in 1957 took the title of King.

Contents

1 Holocaust 2 Personal life 3 Death 4 Legacy 5 Honours 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

Holocaust[edit] "There are competing accounts of exactly what Mohammed V did or did not do for the Moroccan Jewish community" during the Holocaust.[1] However, "though a subject of debate, most scholars stress the benevolence of Mohammed V toward the Jews" during the Vichy era.[2] Mohammed blocked efforts by Vichy officials to impose anti-Jewish legislation upon Morocco and deport the country's 250,000 Jews to their deaths in Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps in Europe.[3] The sultan's stand was "based as much on the insult the Vichy diktats posed to his claim of sovereignty over all his subjects, including the Jews, as on his humanitarian instincts."[3] Partial Nazi race measures were enacted in Morocco over Mohammed's objection,[3] and Mohammed did sign, under the instructions of Vichy officials, two dahirs (decrees) that barred Jews from certain schools and positions.[4] Nevertheless, Mohammed is highly esteemed by Moroccan Jews who credit him for protecting their community from the Nazi and Vichy French government,[1] and Mohammed V has been honored by Jewish organizations for his role in protecting his Jewish subjects during the Holocaust.[5] Some historians maintain that Mohammed's anti-Nazi role has been exaggerated; historian Michel Abitol writes that while Mohammed V was compelled by Vichy officials to sign the anti-Jewish dahirs, "he was more passive than Moncef Bay (ruler of Tunisia during the Second World War) in that he did not take any side and did not engage in any public act that could be interpreted as a rejection of Vichy's policy."[4] Personal life[edit]

Mohammed V with his family in Madagascar, 1954.

Mohammed V was one of the sons of Sultan Yusef, who was enthroned by the French in September 1912 and his wife Lalla Yaqut, who was of Turkish origin.[6] His first wife was Lalla Hanila bint Mamoun.[7] She was the mother of his first daughter Lalla Fatima Zohra. His second wife was his first cousin Lalla Abla bint Tahar (Arabic: لالا عبلة بنت طهار‎) (born 5 September 1909 – died 1 March 1992). She was the daughter of Moulay Mohammed Tahar bin Hassan, son of Hassan I of Morocco. She married Mohammed V in 1929 and died in Rabat on 1 March 1992. She gave birth to five children: the future King Hassan II, Lalla Aicha, Lalla Malika, Moulay Abdallah and Lalla Nuzha.[8] His third wife was Lalla Bahia bint Antar, mother of his last daughter Lalla Amina. Death[edit] He died on 26 February 1961 following complications of a surgery he had undergone.[9] Legacy[edit] The Mohammed V International Airport and Stade Mohamed V of Casablanca are named after him, as well as numerous universities and various public spaces across Morocco. There is an Avenue Mohammed V in nearly every Moroccan city and a major one in Tunis, Tunisia. In December 2007, The Jewish Daily Forward reported on a secret diplomatic initiative by the Moroccan government to have Mohammed V admitted to the Righteous Among the Nations.[10] Honours[edit]

Order of Blood of the Tunisian Republic Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour of the French Republic-1927 Companion of the Order of Liberation of the French Republic-1945 Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit of the United States-1945 Grand Collar of the Order of the Yoke and Arrows of Francoist Spain-03/04/1956[11] Grand Collar of the Order of Idris I of the Kingdom of Libya-1956 Collar of the Order of the Hashemites of the Kingdom of Iraq-1956 Grand Cordon of the Order of Umayyad of Syria-1960 Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit of Lebanon, special class-1960 Collar of the Order of the Nile of the Republic of Egypt-1960 Collar of the Order of al-Hussein bin Ali of Jordan-1960 Grand Cordon of the King Abdulaziz Decoration of Saudi Arabia-1960

[12] See also[edit]

History of Morocco List of Kings of Morocco Mausoleum of Mohammed V Mohamed V Dam Mohammed V University

References[edit]

^ a b Jessica M. Marglin, Across Legal Lines: Jews and Muslims in Modern Morocco (Yale University Press, 2016), p. 201. ^ Orit Bashkin & Daniel J. Schroeter, "Historical themes: Muslim-Jewish relations in the modern modern Middle East and North Africa" in The Routledge Handbook of Muslim-Jewish Relations (Routledge, 2016), p. 54. ^ a b c Susan Gilson Miller, A History of Modern Morocco (Cambridge University Press, 2013), pp. 142-43. ^ a b Abdelilah Bouasria, "The second coming of Morocco's 'Commander of the Faithful': Mohammed VI and Morocco's religious policy" in Contemporary Morocco: State, Politics and Society Under Mohammmed VI (eds. Bruce Maddy-Weitzman & Daniel Zisenwine, 2013), p. 42. ^ "KIVUNIM Convocation Honoring the Memory of King Mohammed V of Morocco". Kivunim. December 24, 2015.  ^ Prince Moulay Hicham El Alaoui. Journal d'un Prince Banni: Demain le Maroc (Grasset ed.). 9 April 2014. ISBN 978-2-246-85166-0. allait devenir la petite-fille préférée de Hassan II, le roi s’est émerveillé sans aucune gêne des yeux bleus de la nouveau-née. « Elle tient ça de son arrière-grand-mère turque », faisait-il remarquer en rappelant les yeux azur de la mère de Mohammed V  ^ Zeyna (2014-08-13). "Feue la princesse Lalla Fatima Zahra décedée le 10 aout 2014". Skyrock (in French). Retrieved 2018-02-24.  ^ International Business Publications, Morocco Foreign Policy and Government Guide p. 84 ^ "Mohammed V of Morocco Dies at 51 After Surgery". New York Times. 26 February 1961. Retrieved 13 June 2008. King Mohammed V died today after a minor operation. He was 51 years old and had occupied the throne since 1927  ^ An Arab King Righteous Among the Nations?. The Forward, 12 December 2007 ^ Boletín Oficial del Estado ^ "''Royal Ark''". Royalark.net. Retrieved 3 February 2012. 

David Bensoussan, Il était une fois le Maroc : témoignages du passé judéo-marocain, éd. du Lys, www.editionsdulys.com, Montréal, 2010 (ISBN 2-922505-14-6); Second edition : www.iuniverse.com, Bloomington, IN, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4759-2608-8, 620p. ISBN 978-1-4759-2609-5 (ebook);

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mohammed V of Morocco.

History of Morocco (in French)

Regnal titles

Preceded by Yusef Sultan of Morocco 1927–1953 Succeeded by Mohammed Ben Aarafa

Preceded by Mohammed Ben Aarafa Sultan of Morocco 1955–1957 Succeeded by Himself as King

Preceded by Himself as Sultan King of Morocco 1957–1961 Succeeded by Hassan II

v t e

Rulers of Morocco

Idrisid dynasty (788–974)

Idris I (Idris ibn Abdallah) Idris II (Idris ibn Idris) Muhammad ibn Idris Ali I (Ali ibn Muhammad) Yahya I (Yahya ibn Muhammad) Yahya II (Yahya ibn Yahya) Ali II (Ali ibn Umar) Yahya III (Yahya ibn al-Qasim) Yahya IV (Yahya ibn Idris ibn Umar) Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad Al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim Ahmad ibn al-Qasim Al-Hasan ibn al-Qasim

Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147)

Yusuf ibn Tashfin Ali ibn Yusuf Tashfin ibn Ali Ibrahim ibn Tashfin Ishaq ibn Ali

Almohad dynasty (1121–1269)

Abd al-Mu'min Yusuf I (Abu Yaqub Yusuf) Yaqub al-Mansur Muhammad al-Nasir Yusuf II (Yusuf al-Mustansir) Abd al-Wahid I (Abd al-Wahid al-Makhluʿ) Abdallah al-ʿAdil Yahya al-Mu'tasim Idris al-Ma'mun Abd al-Wahid II Said al-Muʿtadid

Marinid dynasty (1244–1465)

Abubakr ibn Abd al-Haqq Yaqub ibn Abubakr Yusuf ibn Yaqub Amir ibn Abdullah Sulayman ibn Abdullah Uthman ibn Yaqub Ali ibn Uthman Faris ibn Ali Muhammad ibn Faris Abubakr ibn Faris Ibrahim ibn Ali Tashfin ibn Ali Abd al-Aziz ibn Ali Muhammad ibn Abd al-Aziz Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (al-Mustansir) Musa ibn Faris Muhammad ibn Ahmad (al-Wathiq) Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (al-Mustansir) Abd al-Aziz ibn Ahmad Abdallah ibn Ahmad Uthman ibn Ahmad Abd al-Haqq ibn Uthman

Idrisid interlude (1465–1471)

Muhammad ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey

Wattasid dynasty (1471–1549, 1554)

Muhammad ibn Yahya Muhammad ibn Muhammad Ali ibn Muhammad (Abu Hassun) Ahmad ibn Muhammad Muhammad ibn Ahmad

Saadi dynasty (1549–1659)

Muhammad ash-Sheikh Abdallah al-Ghalib Muhammad al-Mutawakkil Abd al-Malik I (Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik al-Ghazi) Ahmad al-Mansur Abu Faris Abdallah Zidan al-Nasir Abd al-Malik II (Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik ibn Zidan) Al-Walid ibn Zidan Mohammed esh-Sheikh es-Seghir Ahmad al-Abbas

Dila'i interlude (1659–1663)

Muhammad al-Haj ad-Dila'i

Alaouite dynasty (1666–present)

Al-Rashid ibn Ali Ismail ibn Ali Ahmad ibn Ismail Abd al-Malik ibn Ismail Abdallah ibn Ismail Ali ibn Ismail Muhammad II (Muhammad ibn Ismail) Al-Mustadi' ibn Ismail Zin al-Abidin ibn Ismail Muhammad III (Muhammad ibn Abdallah) Al-Yazid ibn Muhammad Hisham ibn Muhammad Suleiman ibn Muhammad Abd al-Rahman ibn Hisham Muhammad IV (Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman) Hassan I (Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad) Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Hassan Abd al-Hafid ibn al-Hassan Yusuf ibn al-Hassan Muhammad ibn Arafa Muhammad V (Muhammad ibn Yusuf) Hassan II (Hassan ibn Muhammad) Muhammad VI (Muhammad ibn al-Hassan)

Authority control

WorldCat Identities VIAF: 23495616 LCCN: n82151096 ISNI: 0000 0000 9866 5123 GND: 119548550 SUDOC: 027476308 BNF: cb12224729t (da