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French Conquest Of Morocco
The French conquest of Morocco began with the French Third Republic, French Republic occupying the city of Oujda on 29 March 1907. The French launched campaigns against the Morocco, Sultanate of Morocco which culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Fes and establishment of the French protectorate in Morocco, French Protectorate in Morocco on 30 March 1912. France later concluded, on 27 November, the Treaty Between France and Spain Regarding Morocco, Treaty of Madrid with the Restoration (Spain), Kingdom of Spain which established the Spanish protectorate in Morocco. The French still conducted a series of military operations to pacify rebellions in Morocco until 1934. Background The French colonial empire, French Empire considerably expanded their activities in the Morocco, Sultanate of Morocco after the Battle of Isly (1844). French representatives in Tangier were no longer consuls but Chargé d'affaires, chargés d'affaires. The Treaty of Lalla Maghnia signed in March 184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morocco
Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocco border, the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to Morocco–Western Sahara border, the south. Morocco also claims the Spain, Spanish Enclave and exclave, exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Plazas de soberanía, Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It has a population of approximately 37 million. Islam is both the official and predominant religion, while Arabic and Berber are the official languages. Additionally, French and the Moroccan dialect of Arabic are widely spoken. The culture of Morocco is a mix of Arab culture, Arab, Berbers, Berber, Culture of Africa, African and Culture of Europe, European cultures. Its capital is Rabat, while its largest city is Casablanca. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani
Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani (), by his full name: Mohammed ou Hammou ben Akka ben Ahmed, also known as Moha Ou Hamou al-Harkati Zayani (c.1863 – 27 March 1921) was a Moroccan Berber military figure and tribal leader who played an important role in the history of Morocco. He was the leader ('' Qaid'') of the Zayanes people of Khénifra region. His full name was Muhammad Ou Hammou ben Aqqa ben Ahmad, and he is also known as Moha Ou Hamou al-Harkati Zayani. He was the son of Moha (or Mouha) Ou Aqqa, the tribal leader of Ayt Harkat. Biography Mouha was born in 1857 in the Middle Atlas. His father Moha (Mouha) ou Aqqa was the tribal leader of Ayt Harkat. After the death of Ou Aqqa, his oldest son, Said, succeeded him and extended his dominance over his tribe and the Zayane confederation. Mouha succeeded his brother after his death, in 1887. The Sultan Moulay Hassan I gave Mouha the title of Qaid in 1880 or 1886. After the Treaty of Fes (1912), which put Morocco under the Fren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Empire
The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich; . from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the German revolution of 1918–1919, November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a Weimar Republic, republic. The German Empire consisted of States of the German Empire, 25 states, each with its own nobility: four constituent Monarchy, kingdoms, six Grand duchy, grand duchies, five Duchy, duchies (six before 1876), seven Principality, principalities, three Free imperial city, free Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City-state, cities, and Alsace–Lorraine, one imperial territory. While Prussia was one of four kingdoms in the realm, it contained about two-thirds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayanes
Zayanes ( (singular), (plural); ) are a Berber population inhabiting the Khenifra region, located in the central Middle Atlas mountains of Morocco. Zayanes tribes are known for their attachment to ancestral land and for their tenacity as warriors, especially during the colonization, led by Mouha ou Hammou Zayani. Thus they have prevented many invaders from easily seizing Khénifra. Despite the French defeat in the Battle of El Herri, 13 November 1914, the colonizers were determined not to abandon the fight against the Zayanes, but concerned French troops in invading Morocco in coming face to face with the Zayanes. Geography The tribes of Zayanes live in the Middle Atlas mountain range in the area of Khénifra. The Zayanes belong to a large tribe that twice a year wanders toward , where the climate is milder in contrast to Adrar where the winter is very severe. The Zayanes speak Central Atlas Tamazight (''Tazayit''), which is one of the Berber languages The Berber lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaouia (Morocco)
The Chaouia () is a plain and historical and ethno-geographical region of Morocco in the historical region of Tamasna, Tamesna. It is bounded by the Oum Er-Rbia River, Oum er-Rbi' River to its southwest, the Cherrate River to its northeast, the plain of Tadla to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the northwest. The region covers a land area of nearly 14 000 km2. The term also refers to a Tribe, tribal confederation that traditionally inhabits the region. Etymology The word "Chaouia" means "Land of Chaouis", transliterated in French language, French. "Chaoui" () is an Arabic word meaning "possessors of sheep" or "shepherds". Some groups of Chaouis claim that the term come from the Arabic term ''shwiya'' (شوية) meaning "few" despite the region now have a comparatively high population density to other regions in Morocco. Others say it is derived from ''shewa'' meaning "grilled meat" or a distortion of ''Chehawna'' which was the name of a tribal alliance. Geograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Protectorate In Morocco
The French protectorate in Morocco, also known as French Morocco, was the period of French colonial rule in Morocco that lasted from 1912 to 1956. The protectorate was officially established 30 March 1912, when List of rulers of Morocco, Sultan Abd al-Hafid of Morocco, Abd al-Hafid signed the Treaty of Fez, though the French French conquest of Morocco, military occupation of Morocco had begun with the invasion of Oujda and the Bombardment of Casablanca (1907), bombardment of Casablanca in 1907. The French protectorate lasted until the dissolution of the Treaty of Fez on 2 March 1956, with the Franco-Moroccan Joint Declaration. Morocco's independence movement, described in Moroccan historiography as the Revolution of the King and the People, restored the exiled Mohammed V of Morocco, Mohammed V but it did not end the French presence in Morocco. France preserved its influence in the country, including a right to station French troops and to have a say in Morocco's foreign policy. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Protectorate In Morocco
The Spanish protectorate in Morocco was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that converted the Spanish sphere of influence in Morocco into a formal protectorate. The Spanish protectorate consisted of a northern strip on the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar, and a southern part of the protectorate around Cape Juby, bordering the Spanish Sahara. The northern zone became part of independent Morocco on 7 April 1956, shortly after France relinquished its protectorate. Spain finally ceded its southern zone through the Treaty of Angra de Cintra on 1 April 1958, after the short Ifni War. The city of Tangier was excluded from the Spanish protectorate and received a special internationally controlled status as Tangier International Zone. Since France already held a protectorate over most of the country and had controlled Morocco's foreign affairs since 30 March 1912, it also held the power to delegate a zone to Spanish protection. The surfac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Between France And Spain Regarding Morocco
The Treaty between France and Spain regarding Morocco was signed on 27 November 1912 by French and Spanish heads of state, establishing ''de jure'' a Spanish Zone of influence in northern and southern Morocco, both zones being '' de facto'' under Spanish control,Treaty Between France and Spain Regarding Morocco', in: The American Journal of International Law, vol.7, no.2, Apr. 1913 while France was still regarded as the protecting power as it was the sole occupying power to sign the Treaty of Fes. The northern part was to become the zone of the Spanish protectorate in Morocco with its capital in Tetuan, while the southern part was ruled from El Aiun as a buffer zone between the Spanish Colony of Rio de Oro and French Morocco The French protectorate in Morocco, also known as French Morocco, was the period of French colonial rule in Morocco that lasted from 1912 to 1956. The protectorate was officially established 30 March 1912, when Sultan Abd al-Hafid signed the .... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assou Oubasslam
Assou Oubasslam was a leader of an armed resistance in southeastern Morocco, against French colonization from the occupation of Morocco until the early 1930s. He was a Berber from the Aït Atta tribes and was born in 1890 in Ksar Taghya, Morocco. Biography Assou Oubasslam was born in 1890 in Ksar Taghya, south of Tinghir. His full name was Aissa Ou Ali n Ait Baslam. His father was the leader (''amghar n-tmazirt'') of the Ilimshan clan of the Ait Atta. He was a Sufi, a charismatic leader, influenced by the leadership role of his father. In 1919, he was appointed as the tribal leader of "Ilm Chan". As the French colonial occupation advanced and posed a threat to the eastern High Atlas, he took command of the Amazigh resistance against the French colonizers and their collaborators. Assou Oubasslam engaged in numerous battles, most notably the Battle of Bougafer in 1933, where he achieved a significant victory against the French. Battle of Bougafer In 1932, the Ait Atta tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
