Stroop Report - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising BW

The

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...

s of the

German Empire The German Empire (),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people. The term literally denotes an empire – particularly a hereditary ...

and

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

(under

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and the ...

) ordered, organized and condoned a substantial number of war crimes, first in the

Herero and Namaqua genocide The Herero and Namaqua genocide or the Herero and Nama genocide was a campaign of ethnic extermination and collective punishment waged by the German Empire against the Herero (Ovaherero) and the Nama in German South West Africa (now Namibia). I ...

and then in the First and

Second The second (symbol: s) is the unit of time in the International System of Units (SI), historically defined as of a day – this factor derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes and finally to 60 seconds ea ...

World Wars. The most notable of these is

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europ ...

in which millions of

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

and

Romani Romani may refer to: Ethnicities * Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia ** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule * Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...

were systematically murdered. Millions of civilians and prisoners of war also died as a result of German abuse, mistreatment, and deliberate starvation policies in those two conflicts. Much of the evidence was deliberately destroyed by the perpetrators, such as in Sonderaktion 1005, in an attempt to conceal the crimes.

Pre-World War I

Considered to have been the first

genocide Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people—usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group—in whole or in part. Raphael Lemkin coined the term in 1944, combining the Greek word (, "race, people") with the ...

of the 20th century, the Herero and Namaqua Genocide was perpetrated by the German Empire between 1904 and 1907 in

German South West Africa German South West Africa (german: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, though Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. With a total area of ...

(modern-day

Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...

), during the

Scramble for Africa The Scramble for Africa, also called the Partition of Africa, or Conquest of Africa, was the invasion, annexation, division, and colonization of most of Africa by seven Western European powers during a short period known as New Imperialism ...

. On January 12, 1904, the

Herero people The Herero ( hz, Ovaherero) are a Bantu ethnic group inhabiting parts of Southern Africa. There were an estimated 250,000 Herero people in Namibia in 2013. They speak Otjiherero, a Bantu language. Though the Herero primarily reside in Namibia, t ...

, led by

Samuel Maharero Samuel Maharero (1856 – 14 March 1923) was a Paramount Tribal chief, Chief of the Herero people in German South West Africa (today Namibia) during their revolts and in connection with the events surrounding the Herero and Namaqua Genocide, He ...

, rebelled against German colonialism. In August, General Lothar von Trotha of the

Imperial German Army The Imperial German Army (1871–1919), officially referred to as the German Army (german: Deutsches Heer), was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire. It was established in 1871 with the political unification of Germany under the l ...

defeated the Herero in the Battle of Waterberg and drove them into the desert of Omaheke, where most of them died of thirst. In October, the

Nama people Nama (in older sources also called Namaqua) are an African ethnic group of South Africa, Namibia and Botswana. They traditionally speak the Nama language of the Khoe-Kwadi language family, although many Nama also speak Afrikaans. The Nama Pe ...

also rebelled against the Germans only to suffer a similar fate. In total, from 24,000 up to 100,000 Herero and 10,000 Nama died.Walter Nuhn: ''Sturm über Südwest. Der Hereroaufstand von 1904.'' Bernard & Graefe-Verlag, Koblenz 1989. . The genocide was characterized by widespread death by starvation and thirst because the Herero who fled the violence were prevented from returning from the

Namib Desert The Namib ( ; pt, Namibe) is a coastal desert in Southern Africa. The name is of Khoekhoegowab origin and means "vast place". According to the broadest definition, the Namib stretches for more than along the Atlantic coasts of Angola, Nami ...

. Some sources also claim that the German colonial army systematically poisoned wells in the desert.Dan Kroll, "Securing our water supply: protecting a vulnerable resource", PennWell Corp/University of Michigan Press, pg. 22

World War I

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-F0313-0208-007, Gaskrieg (Luftbild)

Documentation regarding German war crimes in World War I was seized and destroyed by Nazi Germany during World War II, after occupying France, along with monuments commemorating their victims.

Chemical weapons in warfare

Poison gas Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC50 (median lethal dose) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or perma ...

was first introduced as a weapon by Imperial Germany, and subsequently used by all major belligerents, in violation of the 1899 Hague Declaration Concerning Asphyxiating Gases and the 1907 Hague Convention on Land Warfare, which explicitly forbade the use of "poison or poisoned weapons" in warfare.

Belgium

L'exécution des notables de Blégny, 1914 (par Evariste Carpentier)

In August 1914, as part of the

Schlieffen Plan The Schlieffen Plan (german: Schlieffen-Plan, ) is a name given after the First World War to German war plans, due to the influence of Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen and his thinking on an invasion of France and Belgium, which began on ...

, the German Army invaded and occupied the neutral nation of Belgium without explicit warning, which violated a treaty of 1839 that the German chancellor dismissed as a "scrap of paper" and the 1907 Hague Convention on Opening of Hostilities. Within the first two months of the war, the German occupiers terrorized the Belgians, killing thousands of civilians and looting and burning scores of towns, including

Leuven Leuven (, ) or Louvain (, , ; german: link=no, Löwen ) is the capital and largest city of the province of Flemish Brabant in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located about east of Brussels. The municipality itself comprises the historic c ...

, which housed the country's preeminent university, mainly in retaliation for Belgian guerrilla warfare, (see '' francs-tireurs''). This action was in violation of the 1907 Hague Convention on Land Warfare provisions that prohibited

collective punishment Collective punishment is a punishment or sanction imposed on a group for acts allegedly perpetrated by a member of that group, which could be an ethnic or political group, or just the family, friends and neighbors of the perpetrator. Because ind ...

of civilians and looting and destruction of civilian property in

occupied territories Military occupation, also known as belligerent occupation or simply occupation, is the effective military control by a ruling power over a territory that is outside of that power's sovereign territory.Eyāl Benveniśtî. The international law ...

Bombardment of English coastal towns

The raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, which took place on December 16, 1914, was an attack by the

Imperial German Navy The Imperial German Navy or the Imperial Navy () was the navy of the German Empire, which existed between 1871 and 1919. It grew out of the small Prussian Navy (from 1867 the North German Federal Navy), which was mainly for coast defence. Wilhel ...

on the British seaport towns of Scarborough,

Hartlepool Hartlepool () is a seaside and port town in County Durham, England. It is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the Borough of Hartlepool. With an estimated population of 90,123, it is the second-largest settlement in County D ...

, West Hartlepool, and

Whitby Whitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in the Scarborough borough of North Yorkshire, England. Situated on the east coast of Yorkshire at the mouth of the River Esk, Whitby has a maritime, mineral and tourist heritage. Its East Cl ...

. The attack resulted in 137 fatalities and 592 casualties. The raid was in violation of the ninth section of the 1907 Hague Convention which prohibited naval bombardments of undefended towns without warning, because only Hartlepool was protected by shore batteries. Germany was a signatory of the 1907 Hague Convention. Another attack followed on 26 April 1916 on the coastal towns of Yarmouth and Lowestoft but both were important naval bases and defended by shore batteries.

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted submarine warfare Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning, as opposed to attacks per prize rules (also known as "cruiser rules") that call for warships to s ...

was instituted in 1915 in response to the British naval blockade of Germany.

Prize rules In admiralty law prizes are equipment, vehicles, vessels, and cargo captured during armed conflict. The most common use of ''prize'' in this sense is the capture of an enemy ship and her cargo as a prize of war. In the past, the capturing force ...

, which were codified under the 1907 Hague Convention—such as those that required commerce raiders to warn their targets and allow time for the crew to board lifeboats—were disregarded and commercial vessels were sunk regardless of nationality, cargo, or destination. Following the sinking of the on 7 May 1915 and subsequent public outcry in various neutral countries, including the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

, the practice was withdrawn. However, Germany resumed the practice on 1 February 1917 and declared that all merchant ships regardless of nationalities would be sunk without warning. This outraged the U.S. public, prompting the U.S. to break diplomatic relations with Germany two days later, and, along with the Zimmermann Telegram, led the U.S. entry into the war two months later on the side of the Allied Powers.

World War II

Chronologically, the first German World War II crime, and also the very first act of the war, was the

bombing of Wieluń The bombing of Wieluń is considered by many to be the first major act of World War II, and the September Campaign. After Luftwaffe air units moved into Polish airspace in the early morning of 1 September, they reached the town of Wieluń by ...

, a town where no targets of military value were present. More significantly,

The Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europ ...

of the Jews, the Action T4 killing of the

disabled Disability is the experience of any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or have equitable access within a given society. Disabilities may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, ...

and the Porajmos of the

are the most notable war crimes committed by Nazi Germany during World War II. Not all of the crimes committed during the Holocaust and similar mass atrocities were war crimes. Telford Taylor (The U.S. prosecutor in the German High Command case at the

Nuremberg Trials The Nuremberg trials were held by the Allies of World War II, Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany, for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries, and other crimes, in World War II. Between 1939 and 1945 ...

and Chief Counsel for the twelve trials before the U.S.

Nuremberg Military Tribunals The subsequent Nuremberg trials were a series of 12 military tribunals for war crimes against members of the leadership of Nazi Germany between December 1946 and April 1949. They followed the first and best-known Nuremberg trial before the In ...

) explained in 1982: *

German mistreatment of Soviet prisoners of war During World War II, Nazi Germany engaged in a policy of deliberate maltreatment of Soviet prisoners of war (POWs), in contrast to their general treatment of British and American POWs. This policy, which amounted to deliberately starving and wor ...

– at least 3.3 million Soviet POWs died in German custody, out of 5.7 million captured; this figure represents 57% POW casualty rate. * Le Paradis massacre, May 1940, British soldiers of the

Royal Norfolk Regiment The Royal Norfolk Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army until 1959. Its predecessor regiment was raised in 1685 as Henry Cornwall's Regiment of Foot. In 1751, it was numbered like most other British Army regiments and named ...

, were captured by the SS and subsequently murdered. Fritz Knoechlein was tried, found guilty and hanged. * Wormhoudt massacre, May 1940, British and French soldiers captured by the SS and subsequently murdered. No one was found guilty of the crime. *

Lidice massacre The Lidice massacre was the complete destruction of the village of Lidice in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, now the Czech Republic, in June 1942 on orders from Adolf Hitler and the successor of the '' Reichsführer-SS'' Heinrich Himml ...

after assassination of

Reinhard Heydrich Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich ( ; ; 7 March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a high-ranking German SS and police official during the Nazi era and a principal architect of the Holocaust. He was chief of the Reich Security Main Office (inclu ...

in 1942, when the Czech village was utterly destroyed, and inhabitants murdered. *

Normandy Massacres The Normandy massacres were a series of killings in which up to 156 Canadian prisoners of war were murdered by soldiers of the 12th SS Panzer Division (Hitler Youth) during the Battle of Normandy in World War II. The majority of the murders oc ...

, a series of killings in which up to 156 Canadian prisoners of war were murdered by soldiers of the 12th SS Panzer Division (Hitler Youth) during the Battle of Normandy ** Ardenne Abbey massacre, one of the Normandy massacres; June 1944 Canadian soldiers captured by the SS and murdered by 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend. SS General

Kurt Meyer (Panzermeyer) Kurt Meyer (23 December 1910 – 23 December 1961) was an SS commander and convicted war criminal of Nazi Germany. He served in the Waffen-SS (the combat branch of the SS) and participated in the Battle of France, Operation Barbarossa, and ot ...

sentenced to be shot 1946; sentence commuted; released 1954 * Graignes massacre, 11 June 1944, United States POWs that had surrendered were executed by the German troops by shooting and stabbing. *

Malmedy massacre The Malmedy massacre was a Nazi Germany, German war crime committed by soldiers of the on 17 December 1944, at the Baugnez crossroads near the city of Malmedy, Belgium, during the Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945). Sol ...

, December 1944, United States POWs captured by '' Kampfgruppe Peiper'' were murdered outside of

Malmedy Malmedy (; german: Malmünd, ; wa, Måmdiy) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium. On January 1, 2018, Malmedy had a total population of 12,654. The total area is 99.96 km2 which gives a popula ...

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to ...

. * Wereth massacre. 17 December 1944, soldiers from 3./SS-PzAA1 LSSAH captured eleven African-American soldiers from 333rd Artillery Battalion in the hamlet of Wereth, Belgium. Subsequently, the prisoners were tortured, shot, and had their fingers cut off, legs broken, eyes gouged out, jaw broken and at least one was shot while trying to bandage a comrade's wounds. * Wahlhausen massacre, December 1944, United States Pows from the 28th Infantry Division captured by German troops were summarily executed. * Gardelegen (war crime) of April 1945 when

Nazi concentration camp From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps, (officially) or (more commonly). The Nazi concentration camps are distinguished from other types of Nazi camps such as forced-labor camps, as well as con ...

prisoners were herded into a barn, which was then set alight, killing all inside *

Oradour-sur-Glane massacre On 10 June 1944, four days after D-Day, the village of Oradour-sur-Glane in Haute-Vienne in Nazi-occupied France was destroyed when 643 civilians, including non-combatant women and children, were massacred by a German Waffen-SS company. A ne ...

* Massacre of Kalavryta *

against merchant shipping. *The intentional destruction of major medieval churches of

Novgorod Veliky Novgorod ( rus, links=no, Великий Новгород, t=Great Newtown, p=vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət), also known as just Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the ...

, of monasteries in the

Moscow region Moscow Oblast ( rus, Моско́вская о́бласть, r=Moskovskaya oblast', p=mɐˈskofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ), or Podmoskovye ( rus, Подмоско́вье, p=pədmɐˈskovʲjə, literally " under Moscow"), is a federal subject of Ru ...

(e.g., of

New Jerusalem Monastery The Resurrection Monastery (russian: Воскресенский монастырь, ''Voskresensky Monastery'') or New Jerusalem Monastery (russian: Новоиерусалимский монастырь, ''Novoiyerusalimsky Monastery'') is a major ...

) and of the imperial palaces around St. Petersburg (many of them were left by the post-war authorities in ruins or simply demolished). *The campaign of extermination of Slavic population in the occupied territories. Several thousand villages were burned with their entire population (e.g., Khatyn massacre in

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...

). A quarter of the inhabitants of Belarus did not survive the German occupation. *

Soap made from human corpses During the 20th century, there were various alleged instances of soap being made from human body fat. During World War I the British press claimed that the Germans operated a corpse factory in which they made glycerine and soap from the bodies o ...

produced on a small-scale by German scientist

Rudolf Spanner Rudolf Spanner (born 17 April 1895 in Metternich bei Koblenz; died 31 August 1960) was Director of the Danzig Anatomical Institute during World War II and Nazi party member (party membership ID 2733605). During the Second World War Spanner used ...

. *

Commando Order The Commando Order () was issued by the OKW, the high command of the German armed forces, on 18 October 1942. This order stated that all Allied commandos captured in Europe and Africa should be summarily executed without trial, even if in pro ...

, the secret order issued by Hitler in October 1942 stating that Allied combatants encountered during

commando Royal Marines from 40 Commando on patrol in the Sangin">40_Commando.html" ;"title="Royal Marines from 40 Commando">Royal Marines from 40 Commando on patrol in the Sangin area of Afghanistan are pictured A commando is a combatant, or operativ ...

operations were to be executed immediately without trial, even if they were properly uniformed, unarmed, or intending to surrender. *

Commissar Order The Commissar Order (german: Kommissarbefehl) was an order issued by the German High Command ( OKW) on 6 June 1941 before Operation Barbarossa. Its official name was Guidelines for the Treatment of Political Commissars (''Richtlinien für die Be ...

, the order from Hitler to

Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the '' Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previo ...

troops before the invasion of the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

in 1941 to shoot

Commissar Commissar (or sometimes ''Kommissar'') is an English transliteration of the Russian (''komissar''), which means ' commissary'. In English, the transliteration ''commissar'' often refers specifically to the political commissars of Soviet and E ...

s immediately on capture. *

Nacht und Nebel ''Nacht und Nebel'' (German: ), meaning Night and Fog, was a directive issued by Adolf Hitler on 7 December 1941 targeting political activists and resistance "helpers" in the territories occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II, who were to ...

decree of 1941 for disappearance of prisoners.

War criminals

* List of Axis personnel indicted for war crimes * List of Nazi doctors *

Adolf Eichmann Otto Adolf Eichmann ( ,"Eichmann"
'' Heinrich Gross Heinrich Gross (14 November 1915 – 15 December 2005) was an Austrian psychiatrist, medical doctor and neurologist, a reputed expert as a leading court-appointed psychiatrist, ill-famed for his proven involvement in the killing of at least nine ...

Hans Heinze Hans Heinze, sometimes referred to as ''Euthanasie-Heinze'' ("Euthanasia Heinze"; 18 October 1895 – 4 February 1983), was a Nazi German psychiatrist and eugenicist. Life Heinze was born in Elsterberg, the 13th of 14 children, and was educated ...

* Rudolf Hoess * Karl Linnas *

Josef Mengele , allegiance = , branch = Schutzstaffel , serviceyears = 1938–1945 , rank = '' SS''-'' Hauptsturmführer'' (Captain) , servicenumber = , battles = , unit = , awards = , commands = , ...

* Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer *

Alfred Trzebinski Alfred Trzebinski (29 August 1902 – 8 October 1946) was an SS-physician at the Auschwitz, Majdanek and Neuengamme concentration camps in Nazi Germany. He was sentenced to death and executed for his involvement in war crimes committed at the N ...

Massacres and war crimes of World War II by location

Austria

*Murders of disabled children by

Heinrich Gross Heinrich Gross (14 November 1915 – 15 December 2005) was an Austrian psychiatrist, medical doctor and neurologist, a reputed expert as a leading court-appointed psychiatrist, ill-famed for his proven involvement in the killing of at least nine ...

*Recommendation of disabled children for

euthanasia Euthanasia (from el, εὐθανασία 'good death': εὖ, ''eu'' 'well, good' + θάνατος, ''thanatos'' 'death') is the practice of intentionally ending life to eliminate pain and suffering. Different countries have different eut ...

by Hans Asperger

Belarus

The Holocaust in Belarus The Holocaust in Belarus is the term that refers to the systematic discrimination and extermination of Jews living in the former Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic which was occupied by Nazi Germany after August 1941 during World War II. ...

* Anti-partisan operations in Belarus * Operation Bamberg *

Operation Cottbus Operation Cottbus was an anti-partisan operation during the occupation of Belarus by Nazi Germany. The operation began on 20 May 1943 during the World War II occupation of northern Belarus in the areas of Begoml, Lepel and Ushachy. A number of ...

; 1941 *27 October, Slutsk, Slutsk Affair (4,000 people, including women and children) *28 September – 17 October, Pleszczenice- Bischolin- Szack (Šacak)- Bobr-

Uzda Uzda ( be, Узда; russian: link=no, Узда) is a city in the Minsk Region of Belarus. It is the administrative seat of Uzda District. As of 2009, its population was 10,000. The town's name means "bridle." History Uzda was first referred to ...

(

White Ruthenia White Ruthenia ( cu, Бѣла Роусь, Bela Rous'; be, Белая Русь, Biełaja Ruś; pl, Ruś Biała; russian: Белая Русь, Belaya Rus'; ukr, Біла Русь, Bila Rus') alternatively known as Russia Alba, White Rus' or W ...

) massacre (1,126 children) ; 1942 * 26 March – 6 April, Operation Bamberg ( Hłusk, Bobrujsk; 4,396 people, including children) * April 29 and August 10, 1942,

Dzyatlava massacre , location = Zdzięcioł (now, Dzyatlava) German-occupied Poland, present-day Belarus , date = April 30, 1942 August 10, 1942 , incident_type = Shootings by automatic and semi-automatic weapons , perpetrators = SS, Order ...

, Diatłowo (

Dzyatlava Dziatlava or Dyatlovo ( be, Дзятлава, lt, Zietela, pl, Zdzięcioł, russian: italic=yes, Дзенціолъ until the 1870s, thereafter ''Дятлово'', yi, זשעטל, Zhetl) is a town in Belarus in the Grodno Region, about 165&nb ...

); 3,000- 5,000 people, including women and children *9 – 12 May, Kliczów- Bobrujsk massacre (520 people, including children) *Beginning of June, Słowodka- Bobrujsk massacre (1,000 people, including children) *15 June Borki (powiat białostocki) massacre (1,741 people, including children) *21 June Zbyszin massacre (1,076 people, including children) *25 June Timkowiczi massacre (900 people, including children) *26 June Studenka massacre (836 people, including children) *18 July, Jelsk massacre (1,000 people, including children) *15 July – 7 August, Operation Adler ( Bobrujsk, Mohylew,

Berezyna Byerazino ( be, Беразіно́, Bierazino), or Berezino (russian: Березино́, pl, Berezyna, lt, Berezinas), also known as Biarezan (Бярэзань, yi, בערעזין, Berezin), is a town on the Berezina River in Minsk Region o ...

; 1,381 people, including children) *14 – 20 August, Operation Greif (

Orsza Orsha ( be, О́рша, Во́рша, Orša, Vorša; russian: О́рша ; lt, Orša, pl, Orsza) is a city in Belarus in the Vitebsk Region, on the fork of the Dnieper and Arshytsa rivers. History Orsha was first mentioned in 1067 as Rsh ...

Witebsk Vitebsk or Viciebsk (russian: Витебск, ; be, Ві́цебск, ; , ''Vitebsk'', lt, Vitebskas, pl, Witebsk), is a city in Belarus. The capital of the Vitebsk Region, it has 366,299 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest ci ...

; 796 people, including children) *22 August – 21 September, Operation Sumpffieber (

; 10,063 people, including children) *August, Bereźne massacre *22 September – 26 September ( Małoryta massacre; 4,038 people, including children) *23 September – 3 October, Operation Blitz ( Połock,

; 567 people, including children) *11 – 23 October, Operation Karlsbad (

; 1,051 people, including children) *23 – 29 November, Operation Nürnberg ( Dubrowka; 2,974 people, including children) *December, Mirnaya massacre, Mirnaya (Мірная), Belarus ''(be)''; 147 including women and children *10 – 21 December, Operation Hamburg ( Niemen River- Szczara River; 6,172 people, including children) *22 – 29 December, Operation Altona (

Słonim Slonim ( be, Сло́нім, russian: Сло́ним, lt, Slanimas, lv, Sloņima, pl, Słonim, yi, סלאָנים, ''Slonim'') is a city in Grodno Region, Belarus, capital of the Slonimski rajon. It is located at the junction of the Šča ...

; 1,032 people, including children) ; 1943 Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1970-043-52, Russland, bei Minsk, tote Zivilisten

*6 – 14 January, Operation Franz ( Grodsjanka; 2,025 people, including children) *10 – 11 January, Operation Peter ( Kliczów, Kolbcza; 1,400 people, including children) *18 – 23 January, Słuck- Mińsk-

Czerwień Czerwień was a West Slavic settlement located near the site of modern Czermno near Tyszowce. In early Middle Ages, the town was the administrative centre of the so-called Czerwień Towns, that is the region roughly correspondent to later Red ...

massacre (825 people, including children) *28 January – 15 February,

Operation Schneehase Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * ''Operations'' (magazine), Multi-Ma ...

( Połock, Rossony, Krasnopole; 2,283 people, including children); 54; 37 *Until 28 January, Operation Erntefest I (

, Osipowicze; 1,228 people, including children) *Jaanuar, Operation Eisbär (between Briańsk and Dmitriev-Lgowski) *Until 1 February,

Operation Waldwinter Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * ''Operations'' (magazine), Multi-Ma ...

( Sirotino-Trudy; 1,627 people, including children) *8 – 26 February,

Operation Hornung Operation Hornung was an anti-partisan operation during the Occupation of Belarus by Nazi Germany, carried out in February 1943. It was directed against the area Hancewicze- Morocz-Lenin-Łuniniec, a thinly populated area of about 4,000 square ...

(

Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1 ...

, Hancewicze; 12,897 people, including children) *Until 9 February,

Operation Erntefest II Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Operation (game), ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * Operations (magazine ...

( Słuck, Kopyl; 2,325 people, including children) *15 February – end of March, Operation Winterzauber ( Oświeja, Latvian border; 3,904 people, including children) *22 February – 8 March,

Operation Kugelblitz Operation Kugelblitz ("ball lightning") was a major anti- Partisan offensive orchestrated by German forces in December 1943 during World War II in Yugoslavia. The Germans attacked Josip Broz Tito's Partisan forces in the eastern parts of the Ind ...

( Połock, Oświeja, Dryssa, Rossony; 3,780 people, including children) *Until 19 March, Operation Nixe ( Ptycz, Mikaszewicze, Pińsk; 400 people, including children) *Until 21 March, Operation Föhn ( Pińsk; 543 people, including children) Khatyn Memorial, Belarus

*21 March – 2 April,

Operation Donnerkeil Unternehmen Donnerkeil (Operation Thunderbolt) was the codename for a German military operation of the Second World War. ''Donnerkeil'' was an air superiority operation to support the ''Kriegsmarine'' (German Navy) Operation Cerberus, also known ...

( Połock,

; 542 people, including children) *March 22, Khatyn massacre, Khatyn; 149 people including women and children *1 – 9 May, Operation Draufgänger II ( Rudnja and Manyly forest; 680 people, including children) *17 – 21 May, Operation Maigewitter (

, Suraż, Gorodok; 2,441 people, including children) *20 May – 23 June,

(

Lepel Lyepyel ( be, Ле́пель, Liepieĺ; pl, Lepel; russian: Ле́пель, Lepel, ; yi, ליעפּליע, Li'epli'e) is a town located in the center of the Lyepyel Raion (district) in the Vitebsk Province of Belarus near Lyepyel Lake. Lyepy ...

, Begomel, Uszacz; 11,796 people, including children) *27 May – 10 June, Operation Weichsel (

Dniepr } The Dnieper () or Dnipro (); , ; . is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and ...

- Prypeć triangle, South-West of Homel; 4,018 people, including children) *13 – 16 June,

Operation Ziethen The Battle of Livno is the name of several battles fought over the town of Livno during World War II, which changed hands between the Independent State of Croatia and Partisan forces several times. Operation Beta Operation Beta followed on the h ...

( Rzeczyca; 160 people, including children) *25 June – 27 July,

Operation Seydlitz The Battles of Rzhev (russian: Ржевская битва, Rzhevskaya bitva) were a series of Red Army offensives against the Wehrmacht between January 8, 1942, and March 31, 1943, on the Eastern Front of World War II. The battles took place ...

( Owrucz- Mozyrz; 5,106 people, including children) *30 July, Mozyrz massacre (501 people, including children) *Until 14 July, Operation Günther ( Woloszyn, Lagoisk; 3,993 people, including children) *13 July – 11 August, Operation Hermann ( Iwie, Nowogródek, Woloszyn, Stołpce; 4,280 people, including children) *24 September – 10 October, Operation Fritz ( Głębokie; 509 people, including children) *9 October – 22 October, Stary Bychów massacre (1,769 people, including children) *1 November – 18 November, Operation Heinrich ( Rossony, Połock, Idrica; 5,452 people, including children) *December, Spasskoje massacre (628 people, including children) *December, Biały massacre (1,453 people, including children) *20 December – 1 January 1944, Operation Otto ( Oświeja; 1,920 people, including children) ; 1944 *14 January, Oła massacre (1,758 people, including children) *22 January, Baiki massacre (987 people, including children) *3 – 15 February, Operation Wolfsjagd ( Hłusk, Bobrujsk; 467 people, including children) *5 – 6 February, (near

Buczacz Buchach ( uk, Бучач; pl, Buczacz; yi, בעטשאָטש, Betshotsh or (Bitshotsh); he, בוצ'אץ' ''Buch'ach''; german: Butschatsch; tr, Bucaş) is a city located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Chortkiv Raion of T ...

) massacre (126 people, including children; see :pl:Zbrodnie w Baryszu) *Until 19 February, Operation Sumpfhahn ( Hłusk, Bobrujsk; 538 people, including children) *Beginning of March,

- Bielnicz massacre (686 people, including children) *7 – 17 April, Operation Auerhahn ( Bobrujsk; c. 1,000 people, including children) *17 April – 12 May, Operation Frühlingsfest ( Połock, Uszacz; 7,011 people, including children) *25 May – 17 June, Operation Kormoran; ( Wilejka, Borysów,

Minsk Minsk ( be, Мінск ; russian: Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative stat ...

; 7,697 people, including children) *2 June – 13 June, Operation Pfingsrose ( Talka; 499 people, including children) *June, Operation Pfingstausnlug ( Sienno; 653 people, including children) *June, Operation Windwirbel ( Chidra; 560 people, including children)

Belgium

; 1940 *May 25, Vinkt Massacre ( Vinkt,

East Flanders , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Province of Belgium , image_flag = Flag of Oost-Vlaanderen.svg , flag_size = , image_shield = Wapen van O ...

; 86-140 people, including children) ;1944 *August 18, Courcelles Massacre ( Courcelles,

Hainaut Province Hainaut (, also , , ; nl, Henegouwen ; wa, Hinnot; pcd, Hénau), historically also known as Heynowes in English, is a province of Wallonia and Belgium. To its south lies the French department of Nord, while within Belgium it borders (clockwi ...

; 20 People, including children) *December,

s (

and surrounding region; at least 373 American POWS) *Dec 17, Baugnez crossroads massacre ( Baugnez (near Malmedy),

Liège Province Liège (; wa, Lîdje ; nl, Luik ; german: Lüttich ) is the easternmost province of the Wallonia region of Belgium. Liège Province is the only Belgian province that has borders with three countries. It borders (clockwise from the north) the ...

; 81 American POWS) *Dec 17, Wereth massacre (

Wereth Amel (; french: Amblève, ) is a Belgian municipality in the Walloon province of Liège, and is part of the German-speaking Community of Belgium (german: Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft Belgiens). On January 1, 2013, the municipality of Amel had ...

; 11 American POWS) *Dec 24, ( Bande, Luxembourg Province; 34 People aged between 20 and 31 years old)

Croatia

;1943 *30 November 1943,

Ivanci massacre The Ivanci massacre was the complete destruction of the Serb village of Ivanci in eastern Croatia (south of Ilača) on 30 November 1943 by Nazi German forces. During World War II, Syrmia was a part of The Independent State of Croatia led by th ...

(73 killed) ;1944 *26-30 March 1944, Massacre of villages under Kamešnica (1,525 killed, including children) * 30 April 1944, Lipa massacre (269 killed, including 96 children)

Czechoslovakia

Koncentracni tabor Mauthausen Praha 2012 7934

* 17 November Raid against universities and colleges * First Martial Law (First Heydrichiada in Prague) * First Martial Law (First Heydrichiada in Brno) *

Ležáky Ležáky (german: Ležak, from 1939: ''Lezaky''), in the Miřetice municipality, was a village in Czechoslovakia. During the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, it was razed by Nazi forces as reprisal for Reich Protector Reinhard Heydrich's ass ...

massacre * Liquidation of the

Theresienstadt concentration camp Theresienstadt Ghetto was established by the SS during World War II in the fortress town of Terezín, in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia ( German-occupied Czechoslovakia). Theresienstadt served as a waystation to the extermination ca ...

* "Transport of Death" in Brandýs nad Orlicí * "Transport of Death" in Stod (Czech Republic) * Jablunkov Massacre * "Transport of Death" in Nýřany * Killing in the

Mikulov Mikulov (; german: Nikolsburg; yi, ניקאלשבורג, ''Nikolshburg'') is a town in Břeclav District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,400 inhabitants. The historic centre of Mikulov is well preserved and ...

clay pit * Murder in Gästehaus * Ploština Massacre * Zákřov Massacre * Court-martial in Medlánky * Prlov Massacre * Salaš Massacre * Suchý Massacre * Letovice Massacre * Last execution in Theresienstadt * Execution in Lazce * Execution in Fort XIII * "Transport of Death" in Olbramovice * Podbořany-Kaštice Death march * Javoříčko Massacre * Brandýs Tragedy * Volary Deat march * Velké Meziříčí Massacre * Leskovice Massacre * Úsobská street Massacre * Psáry Massacre * Lednice Massacre * Kolín massacre * Třešť massacre * Velké Popovice massacre * Lahovice massacre * Masarykovo nádraží massacre * Massacre in Trhová Kamenice * Malín tragedy *

Kobylisy Shooting Range Kobylisy Shooting Range () is a former military shooting range located in Kobylisy, a northern suburb of Prague, Czech Republic. The shooting range was established in 1889–1891, on a site that was at the time far outside the city, as a tra ...

, a site of execution for primarily political prisoners * Životice massacre * War crimes during the Prague uprising included using civilians as human shields,

summary execution A summary execution is an execution in which a person is accused of a crime and immediately killed without the benefit of a full and fair trial. Executions as the result of summary justice (such as a drumhead court-martial) are sometimes includ ...

s and massacres * Massacre in Trhová Kamenice

Estonia

The Holocaust in Estonia The Holocaust in Estonia refers to the Nazi crimes during the 1941-1944 occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany. Prior to the war, there were approximately 4,300 Estonian Jews. During the 1940-1941 Soviet occupation of Estonia, about 10% of ...

*Murders of children by Karl Linnas ; 1941 *2 November, Mass murder of children in

Pärnu Pärnu () is the fourth largest city in Estonia. Situated in southwest Estonia, Pärnu is located south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and west of Estonia's second largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet ...

synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of wor ...

(34 children) ; 1942 *27 March Murder of Pliner children (

Holocaust in Estonia The Holocaust in Estonia refers to the Nazi crimes during the 1941-1944 occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany. Prior to the war, there were approximately 4,300 Estonian Jews. During the 1940-1941 Soviet occupation of Estonia, about 10% of th ...

; 3 children)

France

*Affair of 27 martyrs 25 August 1945 * Ascq massacre April 1944 * Ardenne Abbey massacre of British and Canadian troops by

Waffen-SS The (, "Armed SS") was the combat branch of the Nazi Party's ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) organisation. Its formations included men from Nazi Germany, along with Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts, volunteers and conscripts from both occup ...

Drancy internment camp Drancy internment camp was an assembly and detention camp for confining Jews who were later deported to the extermination camps during the German occupation of France during World War II. Originally conceived and built as a modernist urban commu ...

murders * Dortan Massacre *

Dun-les-Places Dun-les-Places () is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France. It is one of the martyred villages of the Liberation in 1944. Demographics On 1 January 2019, the estimated population was 353. History During World War II, British ...

massacre *First Saint-Julien massacre * Graignes massacre (Graignes, 17 American prisoners were massacred.) *

Izieu Izieu () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France. It lies on the river Rhône, between the cities of Lyon and Chambéry. Site of World War II Jewish orphanage Izieu was the site of a Jewish orphanage during the Second World Wa ...

orphanage deportations to Auschwitz, 6 April 1944 * Karl Hotz reprisals * Le Paradis massacre * Massacre of the Bois d'Eraine * Maillé massacre * Penguerec massacre * Massacre de la vallée de la Saulx * Saint-Genis-Laval massacre *Second Saint-Julien massacre *

Tragedy of the Guerry's wells The tragedy of the Guerry's wells designates the massacre of 36 Jews during the summer 1944 in Savigny-en-Septaine in France. It is located at . History On July 21, 1944, men from the French milice led by Joseph Lécussan, and the Gestapo ar ...

Tulle massacre The Tulle massacre was the roundup and summary execution of civilians in the French town of Tulle by the 2nd SS Panzer Division ''Das Reich'' in June 1944, three days after the D-Day landings in World War II. After a successful offensive ...

, 9 June 1944 *

(642 men, women and children) 10 June 1944 * Wormhoudt massacre

Germany

Alkoven Schloss Hartheim 2005-08-18 3589

* Action T4 *Murders of children in the Hadamar Clinic (NS-Tötungsanstalt Hadamar) mostly by

Irmgard Huber Irmgard Huber (1901–1983) was the head nurse at the Hadamar Killing Facility. Beginning in late 1939, it was operated as one of six major centers for Action T4, a secret sterilization and "involuntary euthanasia" program in Nazi Germany. Nearly ...

*Murders of children by

* Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer#Involvement in Nazi human experimentation ; 1945 *8 April - The Celle Massacre *13 April -

Gardelegen Massacre The Gardelegen massacre was a massacre perpetrated by the local population ( Volkssturm, Hitlerjugend and local firefighters) of the northern German town of Gardelegen, with minor direction from the SS, near the end of World War II. On Ap ...

*20 April - Murder of 20 children by

Greece

Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-166-0527-02A, Kreta, Kondomari, Erschießung von Zivilisten

* Massacre of Kleisoura ( Macedonia, 270 women and children) *

Massacre of Kondomari The Massacre of Kondomari ( el, Σφαγή στο Κοντομαρί) was the execution of male civilians from the village of Kondomari in Crete by an ad hoc firing squad consisting of German paratroopers on 2 June 1941 during World War II.Heato ...

(

Crete Crete ( el, Κρήτη, translit=, Modern: , Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, ...

, 60 men, mainly elder) * Massacre of Pikermi ( Pikermi, 54, including women and children) * Pyrgoi (former Katranitsa) massacre (

Pyrgoi Pyrgoi ( el, Πύργοι, before 1927: Κατράνιτσα - ''Katranitsa'') is a village and a community of the Eordaia municipality. It is located in Northern Greece, in the region of Western Macedonia. Before the 2011 local government refo ...

, 346, including women and children) *

Razing of Kandanos The Razing of Kandanos ( el, Καταστροφή της Καντάνου) refers to the complete destruction of the village of Kandanos in Western Crete ( Greece) and the killing of about 180 of its inhabitants on 3 June 1941 by German occupying ...

(

, 180, including women and children) * Holocaust of Viannos (

, 500+, including women and children) * Distomo massacre (

Central Greece Continental Greece ( el, Στερεά Ελλάδα, Stereá Elláda; formerly , ''Chérsos Ellás''), colloquially known as Roúmeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central ...

, 218, including women and children) * Drakeia massacre (

Thessaly Thessaly ( el, Θεσσαλία, translit=Thessalía, ; ancient Thessalian: , ) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, Thes ...

, 118 men) * Holocaust of Kedros (

, 164, including women and children) *

Massacre of Kommeno The Massacre of Kommeno ( el, Η σφαγή του Κομμένου; german: Massaker von Kommeno) was a Nazi war crime perpetrated by members of the Wehrmacht in the village of Kommeno, Greece, in 1943, during the German occupation of Greece ...

(

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinri ...

, 317, including women and children) * Massacre of Kalavryta (

Peloponnese The Peloponnese (), Peloponnesus (; el, Πελοπόννησος, Pelopónnēsos,(), or Morea is a peninsula and geographic region in southern Greece. It is connected to the central part of the country by the Isthmus of Corinth land bridge which ...

, 1,200+, including women and children) *

Burnings of Kali Sykia The Burnings of Kali Sykia ( el, Πυρπολήσεις της Καλής Συκιάς) is one of many atrocities perpetrated in Greece by Fritz Schubert and his people during the Nazi occupation of Greece in World War II. On October 6, 1943, 1 ...

(

, 13, women) *

Lyngiades massacre The Lingiades massacre, on 3 October 1943, was a Nazi German war crime committed by members of the 1st Mountain Division of the ''Wehrmacht Heer'' during the Axis occupation of Greece. The village of Lingiades ( el, Λιγκιάδες), nea ...

(

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinri ...

), 92, mostly infants, children, women and elderly *

Massacre of the Acqui Division The massacre of the Acqui Division, also known as the Cephalonia massacre, was the mass execution of the soldiers of the Italian 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui" by German soldiers on the island of Cephalonia, Greece, in September 1943, following t ...

(

Kefalonia Kefalonia or Cephalonia ( el, Κεφαλονιά), formerly also known as Kefallinia or Kephallenia (), is the largest of the Ionian Islands in western Greece and the 6th largest island in Greece after Crete, Euboea, Lesbos, Rhodes and Chios. It ...

, 5,000, Italian anti-fascist troops) * Mesovouno massacre ( Macedonia, 268, including women and children) * Paramythia executions (

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinri ...

, 201, including women and children) * The Massacre of Chortiatis ( Macedonia, 146, including women and children) * Executions of Kaisariani (

Athens Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates a ...

, 200+, all civilians) *

Massacre of Mousiotitsa Mousiotitsa ( el, Μουσιωτίτσα) or Kato Mousiotitsa ( el, Κάτω Μουσιωτίτσα, ) is a village located in the Ioannina regional unit in the Epirus region ( el, Ήπειρος) of western Greece. Situated 33 km south of ...

(

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinri ...

, 153, including women and children) * Malathyros executions ( Malathyros, 61, including women and children) * Executions of Kokkinia (

, 300+, all civilians, assisted by

Security Battalions The Security Battalions ( el, Τάγματα Ασφαλείας, Tagmata Asfaleias, derisively known as ''Germanotsoliades'' (Γερμανοτσολιάδες) or ''Tagmatasfalites'' (Ταγματασφαλίτες)) were Greek collaborationist m ...

) * Kallikratis executions (

, 30, including women and children) *

Alikianos executions The Alikianos executions ( el, εκτελέσεις στον Αλικιανό) was the mass execution by firing squad of mostly male civilians from Alikianos and nearby villages in Crete, Greece by German paratroopers on 24 May, 2 June and 1 Au ...

(

, 118, all civilians) * Razing of Anogeia (

, unknown, including women and children) * Skourvoula (

, at least 36, all civilians) In addition, more than 90 villages and towns are recorded from the Hellenic network of martyr cities.Δήμος Λαμιέων
Δίκτυο μαρτυρικών πόλεων & χωριών της Ελλάδος , Δήμος Λαμιέων
accessdate: 19. Oktober 2015 During the triple German, Italian and Bulgarian, occupation about 800,000 people lost their lives in

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders wi ...

(see

World War II casualties World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history. An estimated total of 70–85 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) people on Earth in 1940. Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civ ...

Italy

* Castiglione massacre, 12–14 August 1943,

Castiglione di Sicilia Castiglione di Sicilia ( Sicilian: ''Castigghiuni di Sicilia'') is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in Sicily, southern Italy. Castiglione di Sicilia lies about east of Palermo and about north of Catania. It ...

1st Fallschirm-Panzer Division Hermann Göring The Fallschirm-Panzer-Division 1. ''Hermann Göring'' (1st Paratroop Panzer Division ''Hermann Göring'' - abbreviated Fallschirm-Panzer-Div 1 ''HG'') was a German Luftwaffe armoured division. The ''HG'' saw action in France, North Africa, Sic ...

massacres 16 civilians and wounds 20. * Boves massacre, 8 September 1943, Boves, Mass killing of 23 citizens (with another 22 wounded) by German 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler occupation troops under

Joachim Peiper Joachim Peiper (30 January 1915 – 14 July 1976) was a German ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) officer and a Nazi war criminal convicted for the Malmedy massacre of U.S. Army prisoners of war (POWs). During the Second World War in Europe, Peiper served ...

* Lake Maggiore massacres, September–October 1943,

Lake Maggiore Lake Maggiore (, ; it, Lago Maggiore ; lmo, label=Western Lombard, Lagh Maggior; pms, Lagh Magior; literally 'Greater Lake') or Verbano (; la, Lacus Verbanus) is a large lake located on the south side of the Alps. It is the second largest l ...

, Murder of 56 predominantly Italian Jews by the 1st SS Panzer Division despite strict German orders not to carry out any violence against civilians * Caiazzo massacre, 13 October 1943, Caiazzo, Mass killing of 22 civilians by the German 29th Panzergrenadier Regiment occupation troops under Lt. Richard Heinz Wolfgang Lehnigk-Emden *

Ardeatine massacre The Ardeatine massacre, or Fosse Ardeatine massacre ( it, Eccidio delle Fosse Ardeatine), was a mass killing of 335 civilians and political prisoners carried out in Rome on 24 March 1944 by German occupation troops during the Second World War ...

(

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

Lazio it, Laziale , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

; 335 prisoners executed) * Guardistallo massacre (Guardistallo,

Tuscany it, Toscano (man) it, Toscana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demogra ...

; 46 civilians killed on 29 June 1944) * Piazza Tasso massacre, 17 July 1944,

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico ...

, 5 Italian civilians killed in massacre by Fascists and German Army *12 August 1944, Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre (Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Tuscany; 560 people, including children) * San Terenzo Monti massacre ( Fivizzano,

; 110 civilians and 52 political prisoners killed on 21 August 1944) *

Padule di Fucecchio massacre The Padule di Fucecchio massacre ( it, Eccidio del Padule di Fucecchio) was the murder of at least 174 Italian civilians, carried out by the 26th Panzer Division at , a large wetland north of Fucecchio, Tuscany, on 23 August 1944. After the ...

( Fucecchio,

; 176 civilians killed on 23 August 1944) *

Vinca massacre The Vinca massacre ( it, Eccidio di Vinca) was a massacre carried out near Fivizzano, Tuscany, by the German 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division from 24 to 27 August 1944 in which 162 Italian civilians were killed. It was one of many war crimes the ...

( Fivizzano,

; between 160 and 178 civilians executed on 24 August 1944) *

Certosa di Farneta Farneta Charterhouse, in Italian Certosa di Farneta (also Certosa di Santo Spirito di Farneta or Certosa di Maggiano) is a Carthusian monastery (charterhouse) just north of Lucca, region of Tuscany, Italy. History The charterhouse was founded i ...

massacre (

Lucca Lucca ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as one ...

; 60 civilians killed between 2 and 10 September 1944) *29 September – 5 October 1944,

Marzabotto massacre The Marzabotto massacre, or more correctly, the massacre of Monte Sole, was a World War II war crime consisting of the mass murder of at least 770 civilians by Nazi troops, which took place in the territory around the small village of Marzabotto, ...

( Marzabotto,

Emilia-Romagna egl, Emigliàn (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title ...

; between 770 and 1,830 civilians killed) *29 June 1944, Civitella- Cornia- San Pancrazio massacre (

Abruzzo , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1 ...

; 203 people, including children) * Cuneo massacre (Cuneo,

Piedmont it, Piemontese , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

; 189 civilians and partisans killed in two separate massacres) * Cavriglia- Castelnuovo dei Sabbioni massacre (

; 173 civilians killed on 4 July 1944) *Fosse del Frigido massacre (

Massa Massa may refer to: Places *Massa, Tuscany, the administrative seat of the Italian province of Massa-Carrara. *Massa (river), river in Switzerland * Massa (Tanzanian ward), administrative ward in the Mpwapwa district of the Dodoma Region of Ta ...

; 146-149 prisoners murdered on 10 September 1944) *

Pietransieri , nickname = , settlement_type = Frazione , motto = , image_skyline = Pietransieri1.jpg , imagesize = , image_caption ...

massacre (

Roccaraso Roccaraso is a town and '' comune'' in central Italy, in the province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region. History Founding The town of Roccaraso dates back to around 975 AD, and is located near the Rasinus stream, from which some believe ...

Abruzzo , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1 ...

; 128 civilians killed on 21 November 1943) *

Stia Piazza Tanucci at Stia. Stia is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' of Pratovecchio Stia in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about east of Florence and about northwest of Arezzo. It was an independent commune until i ...

massacre (Stia,

; 122 civilians killed between 12 and 15 April 1944) *Valla massacre ( Fivizzano,

; 103 civilians killed on 19 August 1944) * Serra di Ronchidoso massacre (

Gaggio Montano Gaggio Montano ( Medial Mountain Bolognese: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about southwest of Bologna. Gaggio Montano borders the following municipalities: Cast ...

; over 100 civilians killed on 28–29 September 1944) Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-316-1190-23, Italien, drei erhängte Männer an Galgen

Verghereto Verghereto ( rgn, Vargaréd; Tuscan: (rare)) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about southeast of Bologna and about south of Forlì. The main parish church is San Mi ...

massacre (Verghereto,

; 96 civilians killed between 22 and 25 July 1944) *Massacre of Monchio, Susano and Costrignano ( Palagano,

; between 79 and 136 civilians killed on 18 March 1944) *

Leonessa :''Leonessa is also the name of a ''frazione'' of Bassano Romano.'' Leonessa is a town and '' comune'' in the far northeastern part of the Province of Rieti in the Lazio region of central Italy. Its population in 2008 was around 2,700. Situated i ...

and Cumulata massacre (Leonessa,

; 51 civilians killed between 2 and 7 April 1944) * Cumiana massacre (Cumiana,

; 51 civilians killed on 3 April 1944) * Tavolicci massacre (

; 64 civilians killed on 22 July 1944) * Forno massacre (

; 72 civilians killed on 13 June 1944) *

Gubbio Gubbio () is an Italian town and '' comune'' in the far northeastern part of the Italian province of Perugia (Umbria). It is located on the lowest slope of Mt. Ingino, a small mountain of the Apennines. History The city's origins are very ancient. ...

massacre (Gubbio,

Umbria it, Umbro (man) it, Umbra (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , ...

; 40 civilians executed on 22 June 1944) *Valdine massacre (Fivizzano,

; 52 hostages executed in August 1944) * Casaglia massacre ( Marzabotto,

; 42 civilians killed on 29 September 1944) * massacre in

Carrara Carrara ( , ; , ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, in central Italy, of the province of Massa and Carrara, and notable for the white or blue-grey marble quarried there. It is on the Carrione River, some west-northwest of Florence. Its mot ...

(Carrara,

; 72 civilians killed on 16 September 1944) * Madonna dell'Albero massacre (

Ravenna Ravenna ( , , also ; rgn, Ravèna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire from 408 until its collapse in 476. It then served as the c ...

; 56 civilians killed on 27 November 1944) *"La Romagna" massacre (Molina di Quosa,

San Giuliano Terme San Giuliano Terme is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about west of Florence and about northeast of Pisa. Main sights The area of the Pisa hills was already an attraction for enlighte ...

; 75 civilians killed on 11 August 1944) * San Polo di Arezzo massacre (

Arezzo Arezzo ( , , ) , also ; ett, 𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌕𐌉𐌌, Aritim. is a city and '' comune'' in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about southeast of Florence at an elevation of above sea lev ...

, Tuscany; 65 civilians killed on 14 July 1944) *

Massaciuccoli Massaciuccoli is village near Lake Massaciuccoli in the municipality of Massarosa, province of Lucca. The main historical interest is the exceptional monumental baths of the ancient Roman villa complex that belonged to the patrician Venulei f ...

- Massarosa massacre (Massaciuccoli, Massarosa,

; 41 civilians killed between 2 and 5 September 1944) * Fossoli- Carpi massacre (Carpi,

; 67 civilians killed on 12 July 1944) *Turchino Pass massacre (Fontanafredda,

Liguria Liguria (; lij, Ligûria ; french: Ligurie) is a Regions of Italy, region of north-western Italy; its Capital city, capital is Genoa. Its territory is crossed by the Alps and the Apennine Mountains, Apennines Mountain chain, mountain range and is ...

; 59 civilians executed on 19 May 1944) * Pedescala massacre (

Valdastico Valdastico ( vec, Valdastego, cim, Astetal) is a town in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, north-eastern Italy. It is east of SP350 road, on western ridge of the Sette Comuni The ( cim, Siben Komoin, italic=no, german: Sieben Gemeinden, ...

Veneto Veneto (, ; vec, Vèneto ) or Venetia is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about five million, ranking fourth in Italy. The region's capital is Venice while the biggest city is Verona. Veneto was part of the Roman Empire unt ...

; 82 civilians killed between 30 April and 2 May 1945)

Latvia

The Holocaust in Latvia The Holocaust in Latvia refers to the crimes against humanity committed by Nazi Germany and collaborators victimizing Jews during the occupation of Latvia. From 1941 to 1944, around 70,000 Jews were murdered, approximately three-quarters of the ...

; 1941 *30 November and 8 December,

Rumbula massacre The Rumbula massacre is a collective term for incidents on November 30 and December 8, 1941, in which about 25,000 Jews were murdered in or on the way to Rumbula forest near Riga, Latvia, during the Holocaust. Except for the Babi Yar massacre in ...

(25,000 people, including children)

Lithuania

The Holocaust in Lithuania The Holocaust in Lithuania resulted in the near total destruction of Lithuanian (Litvaks) and Polish Jews, living in '' Generalbezirk Litauen'' of '' Reichskommissariat Ostland'' within the Nazi-controlled Lithuanian SSR. Out of approximately 2 ...

; 1941 *13 July – 21 August

Daugavpils Daugavpils (; russian: Двинск; ltg, Daugpiļs ; german: Dünaburg, ; pl, Dyneburg; see other names) is a state city in south-eastern Latvia, located on the banks of the Daugava River, from which the city gets its name. The parts of the ...

massacre by

Einsatzkommando 3 During World War II, the Nazi German ' were a sub-group of the ' (mobile killing squads) – up to 3,000 men total – usually composed of 500–1,000 functionaries of the SS and Gestapo, whose mission was to exterminate Jews, Polish intellect ...

(9,585 people, including children) *July–August 1944,

Ponary massacre , location = Paneriai (Ponary), Vilnius (Wilno), Reichskommissariat Ostland , coordinates = , date = July 1941 – August 1944 , incident_type = Shootings by automatic and semi-automatic weapons, genocide , perpetrators ...

(c. 100,000 people, including children) *18 August – 22 August, Kreis Rasainiai massacre (1,020 children) *19 August, Ukmerge massacre (88 children) *Summer-autumn-winter, Complete murder of native Jewish population in Estonia (900 individuals, including 101 children) *1 September, Marijampolė massacre (1,404 children) *2 September,

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

massacre (817 children) *4 September, Čekiškė massacre (60 children) *4 September, Seredžius massacre (126 children) *4 September, Veliuona massacre (86 children) *4 September, Zapyškis massacre (13 children) *6 September – 8 September,

Raseiniai Raseiniai (; Samogitian: ''Raseinē'') is a city in Lithuania. It is located on the south eastern foothills of the Samogitians highland, some north from the Kaunas–Klaipėda highway. History Grand Duchy of Lithuania Raseiniai is one of th ...

massacre (415 children) *6 September – 8 September, Jurbork massacre (412 people, including children) *29 October, Kaunas massacre (4,273 children) *25 November, Kauen -F.IX massacre (175 children)

Netherlands

; 1940 *14 May, Rotterdam bombing (nearly 1,000 people were killed and 85,000 made homeless.) ; 1944 *1 October,

Putten raid The Putten raid (Dutch: ''Razzia van Putten'') was a civilian raid conducted by Nazi Germany in occupied Netherlands during the Second World War. On 1 October 1944, a total of 602 men – almost the entire male population of the village – were ...

(552 deaths) *5 November, Heusden Town Hall Massacre (134 people, including 74 children)

Norway

*Attempted deportation of children of

Jewish Children's Home in Oslo The Jewish Children's Home in Oslo was established in 1939 under the auspices of Nansenhjelpen, the Nansen Aid, a humanitarian organization established in 1936 by Odd Nansen, the son of Nobel Peace Prize laureate Fridtjof Nansen. It was intended a ...

Poland

Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-695-0423-14, Warschauer Aufstand, flüchtende Zivilisten

The Holocaust in Poland The Holocaust in Poland was part of the European-wide Holocaust organized by Nazi Germany and took place in German-occupied Poland. During the genocide, three million Polish Jews were murdered, half of all Jews murdered during the Holoca ...

Bombing of Wieluń The bombing of Wieluń is considered by many to be the first major act of World War II, and the September Campaign. After Luftwaffe air units moved into Polish airspace in the early morning of 1 September, they reached the town of Wieluń by ...

* Borów massacre (103 children) *

Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany The Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany during World War II was a massive operation consisting of the forced resettlement of over 1.7 million Poles from the territories of German-occupied Poland, with the aim of their Germanization (see Lebensr ...

* German AB-Aktion in Poland * Gmina Aleksandrów, Lublin Voivodeship * Gmina Besko * Gmina Gidle * Gmina Kłecko *

Gmina Ryczywół __NOTOC__ Gmina Ryczywół is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Ryczywół, which lies approximately north of Oborniki and north of the r ...

* Gmina Siennica *

Huta Pieniacka massacre The Huta Pieniacka massacre was a massacre of the Polish inhabitants of the village Huta Pieniacka, located in modern-day Ukraine, which took place on February 28, 1944. Estimates of the number of victims range from 500, to 1,200.Intelligenzaktion Pommern The ''Intelligenzaktion Pommern''Stefan Sutkowski (2001), ''The history of music in Poland: The Contemporary Era. 1939–1974''. Vol. 7, page 37 "...some 183 professors of the Jagiellonian University and the Academy of Mining and Foundry in Craco ...

* Jedwabne pogrom * Jeziorko woodland cemetery * Kidnapping of Polish children by Nazi Germany * Krasowo-Częstki massacre (83 children) * Lviv pogroms *

Massacres of Poles in Volhynia The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia ( pl, rzeź wołyńska, lit=Volhynian slaughter; uk, Волинська трагедія, lit=Volyn tragedy, translit=Volynska trahediia), were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the ...

* Michniów massacre (48 children) *Murders of children by

Pacification Operations in German occupied Poland The pacification actions in German-occupied Poland during World War II were one of many punitive measures designed to inflict terror on the civilian population of local villages and towns with the use of military and police force. They were an int ...

Planned destruction of Warsaw The destruction of Warsaw was Nazi Germany's substantially effected razing of the city in late 1944, after the 1944 Warsaw Uprising of the Polish resistance. The uprising infuriated German leaders, who decided to destroy the city as retaliatio ...

Operation Tannenberg Operation Tannenberg (german: Unternehmen Tannenberg) was a codename for one of the anti-Polish extermination actions by Nazi Germany that were directed at the Poles during the opening stages of World War II in Europe, as part of the '' Generalp ...

* Szczecyn massacre (71 children) *

Valley of Death (Bydgoszcz) Valley of Death ( pl, Dolina Śmierci) in Fordon, Bydgoszcz, northern Poland, is a site of Nazi German mass murder committed at the beginning of World War II and a mass grave of 1,200–1,400 Poles and Jews murdered in October and Novemb ...

; 1942 *2 July, murder of children of Lidice in the Kulmhof

extermination camp Nazi Germany used six extermination camps (german: Vernichtungslager), also called death camps (), or killing centers (), in Central Europe during World War II to systematically murder over 2.7 million peoplemostly Jewsin the Holocaust. The v ...

(82 children) ; 1943 *12 March, Murder of Czesława Kwoka in KZ Auschwitz-Birkenau (1 child) *23 May, Kielce cemetery massacre (45 children) *3 August, Szczurowa massacre (93 people, including children) *29 September, Ostrówki massacre (246 children) *29 September, Wola Ostrowiecka massacre (220 children) ; 1944 Polish civilians murdered by German-SS-troops in Warsaw Uprising Warsaw August 1944

Polish civilians murdered by German-SS-troops in Warsaw Uprising Warsaw August 1944

*28 February,

Huta Pieniacka massacre The Huta Pieniacka massacre was a massacre of the Polish inhabitants of the village Huta Pieniacka, located in modern-day Ukraine, which took place on February 28, 1944. Estimates of the number of victims range from 500, to 1,200.Korosciatyn Massacre The Korosciatyn massacre took place on the night of February 28/29, 1944, during the province-wide wave of massacres of Poles in Volhynia in World War II. Korosciatyn, which now bears the name of Krynica and is located in western Ukraine, was o ...

(c. 150 people, including children) *2 June, Murder of

Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam (January 10, 1905 – June 18, 1994) was an Orthodox rabbi and the founding rebbe of the Sanz-Klausenburg Hasidic dynasty. Halberstam was one of the youngest rebbes in Europe, leading thousands of followers in the ...

's children (9 children) *4–August 25,

Ochota massacre The Ochota Massacre (in Polish: ''Rzeź Ochoty'' – ''"Ochota slaughter"'') was a wave of German-orchestrated mass murder, looting, arson, torture and rape, which swept through the Warsaw district of Ochota from 4–25 August 1944, during the Wa ...

(c. 10,000 people, including children) *5 – 8 August, Wola massacre (40,000Muzeum Powstania otwarte
BBC Polish edition, 2 October 2004, Children accessed on 13 April 2007 up to 100,000

Gazeta Wyborcza ''Gazeta Wyborcza'' (; ''The Electoral Gazette'' in English) is a Polish daily newspaper based in Warsaw, Poland. It is the first Polish daily newspaper after the era of " real socialism" and one of Poland's newspapers of record, covering the ...

– local Warsaw edition, 1998-08-01. Children accessed on 13 April 2007 people, including children)

Russia

The Holocaust in Russia The Holocaust in Russia is the Nazi crimes during the occupation of Russia (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) by Nazi Germany. On the Eve of the Holocaust The Soviet Union did grant official "equality of all citizens regardless of ...

World War II German war crimes in the Soviet Union During World War II, the German combined armed forces ( ''Heer'', '' Kriegsmarine'' and '' Luftwaffe'') committed systematic war crimes, including massacres, mass rape, looting, the exploitation of forced labor, the murder of three millio ...

* German war crimes during the Battle of Moscow

Serbia

; 1941 *20–21 October Kragujevac massacre (2,778–2,794 civilians killed, including 217 children) *15-20 October Kraljevo massacre (2000 civilians killed)

Slovenia

; 1942 *22 July Celje prison massacre (

Celje ) , pushpin_map = Slovenia , pushpin_label_position = left , pushpin_map_caption = Location of the city of Celje in Slovenia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Cou ...

, 100 civilians killed) *2 October Maribor prison massacre (

Maribor Maribor ( , , , ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is also the seat of the City Municipality of Maribor, the seat of the Drava sta ...

, 143 civilians killed) ; 1945 *12 February Frankolovo crime ( Frankolovo, 100 civilians killed)

Ukraine

* The Holocaust in Ukraine *

Babi Yar Babi Yar (russian: Ба́бий Яр) or Babyn Yar ( uk, Бабин Яр) is a ravine in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv and a site of massacres carried out by Nazi Germany's forces during its campaign against the Soviet Union in World War II. T ...

List of victims of the Babi Yar massacre Babi Yar, a ravine near Kyiv, was the scene of possibly the largest shooting massacre during the Holocaust. After the war, commemoration efforts encountered serious difficulty because of the policy of the Soviet Union. After the dissolution of the ...

* Drobytsky Yar * Lviv pogroms *

; 1941 *June, Czechow massacre (6 children) *August 27–28,

Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre The Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre was a World War II mass shooting of Jews carried out in the opening stages of Operation Barbarossa, by the German Police Battalion 320 along with Friedrich Jeckeln's ''Einsatzgruppen'', the Hungarian soldiers, a ...

; 23,600 people (including women and children) *September 5, Pavoloch massacre; 1,500 people (including women and children) *September 16–30, Nikolaev massacre; 35,782 people (including women and children) *29 – 30 September, Babi Jar massacre (33,771 people, including children:

) *October 5, Berdychiv massacre, 20,000–38,536 people (including women and children) *October 22–24, 1941 Odessa massacre, 125,000-134,000 people (including women and children) *December 15, Drobitsky Yar, 16,000 people (including women and children) ; 1943 *1 – 2 March 1943,

Koriukivka massacre The Koriukivka massacre was a mass murder of 6,700 residentsOzerjany massacre (267 people). *Second half of March, Kharkov massacre following the

Third Battle of Kharkov The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by Army Group South of Nazi Germany against the Soviet Red Army, around the city of Kharkov between 19 February and 15 March 1943. Known ...

(2500 people). *29 September, Wola Ostrowiecka massacre (220 children) *December 10, Tarassiwka massacre; 400 people (including women and children) ; 1944 *28 February,

Huta Pieniacka massacre The Huta Pieniacka massacre was a massacre of the Polish inhabitants of the village Huta Pieniacka, located in modern-day Ukraine, which took place on February 28, 1944. Estimates of the number of victims range from 500, to 1,200.Korosciatyn Massacre The Korosciatyn massacre took place on the night of February 28/29, 1944, during the province-wide wave of massacres of Poles in Volhynia in World War II. Korosciatyn, which now bears the name of Krynica and is located in western Ukraine, was o ...

(c. 150 people, including children)

Notes

References

*''This article incorporates text from the

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) is the United States' official memorial to the Holocaust. Adjacent to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., the USHMM provides for the documentation, study, and interpretation of Holocaust h ...

, and has been released under the

GFDL The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project. It is similar to the GNU General Public License, giving readers th ...

.'' *United States Holocaust Memorial Museum – Articl
Children during the Holocaust
and online exhibition
Life in the Shadows
an
Give Me Your Children
from Holocaust Survivors and Remembrance Project: "Forget You Not"
The War Crimes of Dr Josef MengeleThe Reich's forgotten atrocity
; Media (on-line) *

* Stills from Soviet documentary "The Atrocities committed by German Fascists in the USSR"
(1)(2)(3)
* Slide sho
"Nazi Crimes in the USSR (Graphic images!)"
{{Authority control German Empire in World War I Germany in World War II War crimes War crimes committed by country

War War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...

Pre-World War I

World War I

Chemical weapons in warfare

Belgium

Bombardment of English coastal towns

Unrestricted submarine warfare

World War II

War criminals

Massacres and war crimes of World War II by location

Austria

Belarus

Belgium

Croatia

Czechoslovakia

Estonia

France

Germany

Greece

Italy

Latvia

Lithuania

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Russia

Serbia

Slovenia

Ukraine

See also

Notes

References