Mesostigmata is an order of

mite Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear e ...

s belonging to the

Parasitiformes Parasitiformes are a superorder of Arachnids, constituting one of the two major groups of mites, alongside Acariformes. Parasitiformes has, at times, been classified at the rank of order or suborder. It is uncertain whether Parasitiformes and Ac ...

. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includes

parasitic Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson ha ...

as well as free-living and predatory forms. They can be recognized by the single pair of spiracles positioned laterally on the body. The family with the most described species is

Phytoseiidae The Phytoseiidae are a family of mites which feed on thrips and other mite species. They are often used as a biological control agent for managing mite pests. Because of their usefulness as biological control agents, interest in Phytoseiidae has ...

. Other families of note are

Diplogyniidae Diplogyniidae is a family of parasitic mites belonging to the order Mesostigmata. Many are parasites on beetles but some live on larger animals (e.g., rats). Taxonomy This is a list of the described species. The data is taken from Joel Hallan's ...

Macrochelidae Macrochelidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Description Adult females of Macrochelidae have: an undivided dorsal shield bearing at least 28 pairs of setae, a sternal shield with three pairs of setae, a genital shield with one ...

Pachylaelapidae Pachylaelapidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includ ...

Uropodidae Uropodidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Description As part of superfamily Uropodoidea, Uropodidae are tortoise-like mites with an oval to circular outline, and with armour both dorsally and ventrally. They can be distinguis ...

and Veigaiidae. Amongst the best known species are ''

Varroa destructor ''Varroa destructor'', the ''Varroa'' mite is an external parasitic mite that attacks and feeds on the honey bees '' Apis cerana'' and ''Apis mellifera''. The disease caused by the mites is called varroosis. The ''Varroa'' mite can reproduce o ...

'', an economically important parasite of honey bees, as well as the

red mite ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' (also known as the red mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry. It has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including sever ...

(''Dermanyssus gallinae'') a parasite of poultry, most commonly chickens.

Description

Mesostigmata are mites ranging from 0.12-4 mm long (0.2-4 mm according to another source). They have a pair of stigmatal openings above legs III-IV usually associated with a peritrematal groove. The

gnathosoma The gnathosoma (from Greek , ' = "jaw" and , ' = "body") is the part of the body of the Acari ( mites and ticks) comprising the mouth and feeding parts. These are the hypostome, the chelicerae and the pedipalps. It is also called the capitulum (h ...

has a sclerotised ring around the bases of the

chelicerae The chelicerae () are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as " jaws", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs, or similarl ...

(basis capitulum). The

palps Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") a ...

have 5 (rarely 4) free segments and usually a subdistal palp apotele. The chelicerae are 3-segmented. The subcapitulum usually has a median groove with transverse rows of 1-many denticles. There are usually bifurcate or membranous corniculi present. Except in some

species, a flagellate tritosternum is present. The coxae of the legs are freely articulating with the body. The intercoxal region has sternal and genital shield elements. Adults have a genital opening and either chelicerae modified for sperm transfer (if male) or a sperm-receiving structure (if female). The above description applies to adults. Larvae have six legs, instead of the eight possessed by later stages, and may or may not feed. There are two nymphal stages (protonymph, deutonymph) that usually have lightly sclerotized dorsal, intercoxal and ventral plates.

Ecology

Many Mesostigmata are free-living predators of invertebrates that live in soil and litter, on the soil surface or on plants. There are also some that live in freshwater. Other Mesostigmata are parasites of vertebrates or arthropods, pollen and nectar feeders in flowers, fungus feeders, or saprophages that subsist on dead or decaying organic matter. The soil-dwelling Mesostigmata are not as abundant as oribatids or prostigmatids that also occur in this habitat, but they are still ubiquitous in soil and may be important predators. Larger species tend to be predators of small arthropods or arthropod eggs, whereas smaller species prey on

nematodes The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broa ...

. Size of these mesostigmatans decreases with soil depth:

plant litter Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that have fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constitue ...

and

humus In classical soil science, humus is the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter. It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil. Humus is the Lati ...

have large species such as '' Veigaia'' ( Veigaiidae), the humus-soil interface has smaller species like '' Dendrolaelaps'' (

Digamasellidae Digamasellidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Genera These 11 genera belong to the family Digamasellidae: * ''Dendrolaelaps ''Dendrolaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Digamasellidae. There are more than 170 describe ...

) and the mineral soil has the tiny ''

Rhodacarellus ''Rhodacarellus'' is a genus of mites in the family Rhodacaridae Rhodacaridae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitifor ...

'' (

Rhodacaridae Rhodacaridae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includes ...

). A few species are known from freshwater habitats, such as wet soil, phytotelmata, waterside vegetation and sewage filter-beds. These appear to move by crawling as no species are known to swim. Some species are known to prey on

mosquito Mosquitoes (or mosquitos) are members of a group of almost 3,600 species of small flies within the family Culicidae (from the Latin ''culex'' meaning " gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by ''mosca'' and diminutive ''-ito'') is Spanish for "li ...

eggs and one species was reared on a diet of nematodes. The parasitic Mesostigmata are mostly in superfamily Dermanyssoidea. These include parasites of invertebrates (e.g. Varroidae) and of vertebrates (other families), as well as both ectoparasites (external) and endoparasites (internal).

Phoresy Phoresis or phoresy is a non-permanent, commensalistic interaction in which one organism (a phoront or phoretic) attaches itself to another (the host) solely for the purpose of travel. Phoresis has been observed directly in ticks and mites s ...

, the temporary attachment of a smaller animal to a larger one for travel, is common in the Mesostigmata. For example, the freshwater species are phoretic on flies of families Tipulidae, Ceratopogonidae, and Culicidae.

Economic importance

'' (Varroidae) is a major pest of honey bees. It harms bees both directly by feeding on

fat body 300px, Stained cells of an insect fat body Fat body is a highly dynamic insect tissue composed primarily of storage cells. It is distributed throughout the insect's internal body cavity; the haemocoel, in close proximity to the epidermis, dig ...

tissue, and indirectly by transmitting viruses. Similarly, the red mite ('' Dermanyssus gallinae'') feeds on the blood of birds, including

poultry Poultry () are domesticated birds kept by humans for their eggs, their meat or their feathers. These birds are most typically members of the superorder Galloanserae (fowl), especially the order Galliformes (which includes chickens, qu ...

(

chickens The chicken (''Gallus gallus domesticus'') is a domesticated junglefowl species, with attributes of wild species such as the grey and the Ceylon junglefowl that are originally from Southeastern Asia. Rooster or cock is a term for an adult m ...

, turkeys,

ducks Duck is the common name for numerous species of waterfowl in the family Anatidae. Ducks are generally smaller and shorter-necked than swans and geese, which are members of the same family. Divided among several subfamilies, they are a form ...

) and wild birds. It reduces animal health, welfare and production. In agriculture, soil-dwelling mesostigmatans are important predators of nematodes,

springtails Springtails (Collembola) form the largest of the three lineages of modern hexapods that are no longer considered insects (the other two are the Protura and Diplura). Although the three orders are sometimes grouped together in a class called Ento ...

and insect larvae, while plant-dwelling mesostigmatans control pests such as spider mites.

Evolution

The oldest known record of the group is an indeterminate

Sejidae Sejidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. The oldest known record of the group is an indeterminate deutonymph from the mid Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) aged Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is ...

deutonymph from the mid-

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...

(Albian-Cenomanian) aged

Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The ...

of Myanmar.

Taxonomy

Taxonomy to families (Beaulieu 2011). Genus and species counts fluctuate over time. : Order Mesostigmata G. Canestrini, 1891 :: Suborder Monogynaspida Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 ::: Infraorder Gamasina Kramer, 1881 :::: Hyporder Arctacariae Johnston, 1982 ::::: Superfamily Arctacaroidea Evans, 1955 :::::: Family Arctacaridae Evans, 1955 (2 genera, 6 species) :::: Hyporder Dermanyssiae Evans & Till, 1979 ::::: Superfamily Ascoidea Voigts & Oudemans, 1905 :::::: Family Ameroseiidae Evans, 1961 (10 genera, 148 species) :::::: Family

Ascidae Ascidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Description Ascidae are mites characterised by: seta ''st4'' usually on unsclerotised cuticle, peritrematic shield broadly connected to exopodal shield beside coxa IV, fixed cheliceral d ...

Voigts & Oudemans, 1905 (17 genera, 338 species) :::::: Family Melicharidae Hirschmann, 1962 (12 genera, 201 species) ::::: Superfamily Dermanyssoidea Kolenati, 1859 :::::: Family Dasyponyssidae Fonseca, 1940 (2 genera, 2 species) :::::: Family Dermanyssidae Kolenati, 1859 (2 genera, 26 species) :::::: Family Entonyssidae Ewing, 1923 (9 genera, 27 species) :::::: Family Haemogamasidae Oudemans, 1926 (5 genera, 78 species) :::::: Family

Halarachnidae Halarachnidae is a small family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Species Halarachnidae contains seven genera, with ten recognized species: * Genus ''Halarachne'' Allman, 1847 ** ''Halarachne halichoeri'' Allman, 1847 ** ''Halarachne laysana ...

Oudemans, 1906 (7 genera, 43 species) :::::: Family Hystrichonyssidae Keegan, Yunker & Baker, 1960 (1 genus, 1 species) :::::: Family Iphiopsididae Kramer, 1886 (14 genera, 68 species) :::::: Family Ixodorhynchidae Ewing, 1923 (6 genera, 43 species) :::::: Family

Laelapidae The Laelapidae are a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. The family is also referred to in the literature as Laelaptidae, which may be the correct spelling. Description Laelapidae have a shield covering all or most of the dorsal surface ...

Berlese, 1892 (90 genera, 1316 species) :::::: Family Larvamimidae Elzinga, 1993 (6 genera, 43 species) :::::: Family Macronyssidae Oudemans, 1936 (34 genera, 233 species) :::::: Family Manitherionyssidae Radovsky & Yunker, 1971 (1 genus, 1 species) :::::: Family Omentolaelapidae Fain, 1961 (1 genus, 1 species) :::::: Family Rhinonyssidae Trouessart, 1895 (8 genera, 510 species) :::::: Family Spelaeorhynchidae Oudemans, 1902 (1 genus, 7 species) :::::: Family Spinturnicidae Oudemans, 1901 (12 genera, 101 species) :::::: Family

Varroidae ''Varroa'' is a genus of parasitic mesostigmatan mites associated with honey bees, placed in its own family, Varroidae. The genus was named for Marcus Terentius Varro, a Roman scholar and beekeeper. The condition of a honeybee colony being infe ...

Delfinado & Baker, 1974 (2 genera, 6 species) ::::: Superfamily Eviphidoidea Berlese, 1913 :::::: Family

Eviphididae Eviphididae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Species ''Alliphis'' Halbert, 1923 * ''Alliphis ankavani'' Arutunian, 1992 * ''Alliphis bakeri'' Arutunian, 1992 * ''Alliphis brevisternalis'' Ma-Liming & Wang-Shenron, 199 ...

Berlese, 1913 (19 genera, 108 species) :::::: Family Leptolaelapidae Karg, 1978 (12 genera, 48 species) :::::: Family

Vitzthum, 1930 (20 genera, 470 species) :::::: Family

Berlese, 1913 (26 genera, 199 species) :::::: Family Parholaspididae Evans, 1956 (12 genera, 96 species) ::::: Superfamily Phytoseioidea Berlese, 1916 :::::: Family Blattisociidae Garman, 1948 (11 genera, 369 species) :::::: Family Otopheidomenidae Treat, 1955 (10 genera, 28 species) :::::: Family

Berlese, 1916 (90 genera, 2300 species) :::::: Family Podocinidae Berlese, 1913 (2 genera, 25 species) ::::: Superfamily Rhodacaroidea Oudemans, 1902 :::::: Family

Evans, 1957 (13 genera, 261 species) :::::: Family Halolaelapidae Karg, 1965 (4 genera, 80 species) :::::: Family Laelaptonyssidae Womersley, 1956 (1 genus, 6 species) :::::: Family

Ologamasidae Ologamasidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. There are more than 40 genera and 470 described species in Ologamasidae. Genera These 44 genera belong to the family Ologamasidae: * '' Acugamasus'' Lee, 1970 * '' Acuphis'' Karg, 19 ...

Ryke, 1962 (45 genera, 452 species) :::::: Family

Oudemans, 1902 (15 genera, 148 species) :::::: Family Teranyssidae Halliday, 2006 (15 genera, 148 species) ::::: Superfamily Veigaioidea Oudemans, 1939 :::::: Family Veigaiidae Oudemans, 1939 (4 genera, 95 species) :::: Hyporder Epicriiae Kramer, 1885 ::::: Superfamily Epicrioidea Berlese, 1885 :::::: Family Epicriidae Berlese, 1885 (4 genera, 48 species) ::::: Superfamily Heatherelloidea Walter, 1997 :::::: Family Heatherellidae Walter, 1997 (1 genus, 2 species) ::::: Superfamily Zerconoidea G. Canestrini, 1891 :::::: Family Coprozerconidae Moraza & Lindquist, 1999 (1 genus, 1 species) :::::: Family Zerconidae G. Canestrini, 1891 (36 genera, 390, species) :::: Hyporder Parasitiae Evans & Till, 1979 ::::: Superfamily Parasitoidea Oudemans, 1901 :::::: Family

Parasitidae Parasitidae is a family of predatory mites in the order Mesostigmata that has worldwide distribution. They are the only family in the superfamily Parasitoidea. Relatively large for mites, their color is often yellowish to dark brown. The family a ...

Oudemans, 1901 (35 genera, 426 species) ::: Infraorder Uropodina Kramer, 1881 ::::: Family Dithinozerconidae Ainscough, 1979 :::: Superfamily Diarthrophalloidea Trägårdh, 1946 ::::: Family Diarthrophallidae Trägårdh, 1946 (22 genera, 63 species) :::: Superfamily Microgynioidea Trägårdh, 1942 ::::: Family Microgyniidae Trägårdh, 1942 (2 genera, 4 species) ::::: Family Nothogynidae Walter & Krantz, 1999 (1 genus, 2 species) :::: Superfamily Thinozerconoidea Halbert, 1915 ::::: Family Protodinychidae Evans, 1957 (1 genus, 3 species) ::::: Family Thinozerconidae Halbert, 1915 (1 genus, 1 species) :::: Superfamily Uropodoidea Kramer, 1881 ::::: Family Baloghjkaszabiidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 3 species) ::::: Family Brasiluropodidae Hirschmann, 1979 (2 genera, 18 species) ::::: Family Cillibidae Trägårdh, 1944 (2 genera, 19 species) ::::: Family Clausiadinychidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 4 species) ::::: Family Cyllibulidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 32 species) ::::: Family Deraiophoridae Trägårdh, 1952 (1 genus, 36 species) ::::: Family Dinychidae Berlese, 1916 (1 genus, 34 species) ::::: Family Discourellidae Baker & Wharton, 1952 (1 genus, 76 species) ::::: Family Eutrachytidae Trägårdh, 1944 (1 genus, 36 species) ::::: Family Hutufeideriidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 9 species) ::::: Family Kaszabjbaloghiidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 6 species) ::::: Family Macrodinychidae Hirschmann, 1979 (4 genera, 22 species) ::::: Family Metagynuridae Balogh, 1943 (2 genera, 17 species) ::::: Family Nenteriidae Hirschmann, 1979 (2 genera, 128 species) ::::: Family Oplitidae Johnston, 1968 (8 genera, 163 species) ::::: Family Phymatodiscidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 10 species) ::::: Family Polyaspididae Berlese, 1913 (1 genus, 16 species) ::::: Family Prodinychidae Berlese, 1917 (3 genera, 16 species) ::::: Family Rotundabaloghiidae Hirschmann, 1979 (4 genera, 165 species) ::::: Family Tetrasejaspidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 15 species) ::::: Family Trachytidae Trägårdh, 1938 (7 genera, 108 species) ::::: Family Trachyuropodidae Berlese, 1917 (17 genera, 99 species) ::::: Family

Trematuridae Trematuridae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Genera * ''Ipiduropoda'' Sellnick, 1952 * ''Trematuroides'' Cooreman, 1960 * ''Trichofrondosa'' W. Hirschmann, 1986 * ''Trichoobscura'' W. Hirschmann, 1986 * ''Trichouropoda'' Berlese, ...

Berlese, 1917 (13 genera, 401 species) ::::: Family Trichocyllibidae Hirschmann, 1979 (5 genera, 57 species) ::::: Family Trichouropodellidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 11 species) ::::: Family Trigonuropodidae Hirschmann, 1979 (1 genus, 87 species) ::::: Family Uroactiniidae Hirschmann & Zirngiebl-Nicol, 1964 (3 genera, 67 species) ::::: Family Urodiaspididae Trägårdh, 1944 (3 genera, 26 species) ::::: Family Urodinychidae Berlese, 1917 (13 genera, 267 species) ::::: Family

Kramer, 1881 (9 genera, 261 species) :: Suborder

Sejida Sejida is a suborder of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata includes paras ...

Kramer, 1885 ::: Superfamily Heterozerconoidea Berlese, 1892 :::: Family

Discozerconidae Discozerconidae is a small family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata ...

Berlese, 1910 (2 genera, 3 species) :::: Family

Heterozerconidae Heterozerconidae is a small family of mites in the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. Mesostigmata ...

Berlese, 1892 (7 genera, 13 species) ::: Superfamily Sejoidea Berlese, 1885 :::: Family

Ichthyostomatogasteridae Ichthyostomatogasteridae is a family of mites belonging to the order Mesostigmata Mesostigmata is an order of mites belonging to the Parasitiformes. They are by far the largest group of Parasitiformes, with over 8,000 species in 130 families. M ...

Sellnick, 1953 (3 genera, 10 species) :::: Family

Berlese, 1885 (5 genera, 46 species) (5 genera, 46 species) :::: Family Uropodellidae Camin, 1955 (1 genus, 6 species) :: Suborder Trigynaspida Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 ::: Infraorder Antennophorina Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 :::: Superfamily Aenictequoidea Kethley, 1977 ::::: Family Aenictequidae Kethley, 1977 (1 genus, 1 species) ::::: Family Euphysalozerconidae Kim, 2008 (1 genus, 1 species) ::::: Family Messoracaridae Kethley, 1977 (2 genera, 3 species) ::::: Family Ptochacaridae Kethley, 1977 (1 genus, 3 species) :::: Superfamily Antennophoroidea Berlese, 1892 ::::: Family Antennophoridae Berlese, 1892 (6 genera, 19 species) :::: Superfamily Celaenopsoidea Berlese, 1892 ::::: Family Celaenopsidae Berlese, 1892 (7 genera, 14 species) ::::: Family Costacaridae Hunter, 1993 (1 genus, 1 species) ::::: Family

Trägårdh, 1941 (42 genera, 85 species) ::::: Family Euzerconidae Trägårdh, 1938 (12 genera, 24 species) ::::: Family Megacelaenopsidae Funk, 1975 (2 genera, 2 species) ::::: Family

Neotenogyniidae Neotenogyniidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Species Neotenogyniidae contains two genera, with two recognized species: * Genus ''Neotenogynium'' Kethley, 1974 ** ''Neotenogynium malkini'' Kethley, 1974 * Genus ''Sternoseius'' ...

Kethley, 1974 (1 genus, 1 species) ::::: Family Schizogyniidae Trägårdh, 1950 (6 genera, 10 species) ::::: Family

Triplogyniidae Triplogyniidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. Species Triplogyniidae contains two genera, with ten recognized species: * Genus ''Funkotriplogynium'' A. Kumar-Datta, 1985 ** ''Funkotriplogynium bengalensis'' (Pramanik & Raychaud ...

Funk, 1977 (2 genera, 11 species) :::: Superfamily Fedrizzioidea Trägårdh, 1937 ::::: Family Fedrizziidae Trägårdh, 1937 (3 genera, 34 species) ::::: Family Klinckowstroemiidae Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 (4 genera, 36 species) :::: Superfamily Megisthanoidea Berlese, 1914 ::::: Family Hoplomegistidae Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 (1 genus, 7 species) ::::: Family

Megisthanidae Megisthanidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. It contains 26 currently recognised species, including the largest known Mesostigmata.Seeman, O. 2017: ''Megisthanus leviathanicus'' sp. nov. (Parasitiformes: Megisthanidae), the large ...

Berlese, 1914 (1 genus, 30 species) :::: Superfamily Paramegistoidea Trägårdh, 1946 ::::: Family Paramegistidae Trägårdh, 1946 (5 genera, 30 species) :::: Superfamily Parantennuloidea Willmann, 1941 ::::: Family Parantennulidae Willmann, 1941 (3 genera, 5 species) ::::: Family Philodanidae Kethley, 1977 (2 genera, 2 species) ::::: Family Promegistidae Kethley, 1977 (1 genus, 1 species) ::: Infraorder Cercomegistina Camin & Gorirossi, 1955 :::: Superfamily Cercomegistoidea Trägårdh, 1937 ::::: Family Asternoseiidae Vale, 1954 (2 genera, 3 species) ::::: Family Cercomegistidae Trägårdh, 1937 (5 genera, 13 species) ::::: Family Davacaridae Kethley, 1977 (2 genera, 4 species) ::::: Family Pyrosejidae Lindquist & Moraza, 1993 (2 genera, 3 species) ::::: Family Saltiseiidae Walter, 2000 (1 genus, 1 species) ::::: Family Seiodidae Kethley, 1977 (1 genus, 1 species) ; Other :'' Meliponopus palpifer'' Fain & Flechtmann, 1985 has not yet been placed into a family.

References

* * NCBI
Mesostigmata

External links

on the

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''Featured Creatures'' website {{Taxonbar, from=Q1240844 Arachnid orders