Lewis Lockwood
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Lewis H. Lockwood (born December 16, 1930) is an American musicologist whose main fields are the music of the
Italian Renaissance The Italian Renaissance ( it, Rinascimento ) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries. The period is known for the initial development of the broader Renaissance culture that spread across Europe and marked the trans ...
and the life and work of
Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classic ...
. Joseph Kerman described him as "a leading musical scholar of the postwar generation, and the leading American authority on Beethoven".


Early life and education

Born in
New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
in December 1930, Lockwood attended the High School of Music and Art. He then did his undergraduate work at
Queens College Queens College (QC) is a public college in the Queens borough of New York City. It is part of the City University of New York system. Its 80-acre campus is primarily located in Flushing, Queens. It has a student body representing more than 170 ...
, where his main advisor was the well-known Renaissance scholar,
Edward Lowinsky Edward Elias Lowinsky (January 12, 1908 – October 11, 1985) was an American musicologist. Lowinsky was one of the most prominent and influential musicologists in post-World War II America. His 1946 work on the "secret chromatic art" of Renaissan ...
. He went on to do graduate work at
Princeton University Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the ...
in the early 1950s with
Oliver Strunk William Oliver Strunk (March 22, 1901 – February 24, 1980) was an American musicologist. Charles Rosen called him one of the most influential American musicologists of the 1930s–1960s.Rosen, Charles. "The Discipline of Philology: Oliver Strun ...
,
Arthur Mendel Arthur Mendel (June 6, 1905 – October 14, 1979) was an American musicologist, known as a Bach scholar. He was born in Boston and died in Newark, New Jersey. Education He graduated from Harvard University in 1925 before going to study with ...
, and Nino Pirrotta. After a
Fulbright scholarship The Fulbright Program, including the Fulbright–Hays Program, is one of several United States Cultural Exchange Programs with the goal of improving intercultural relations, cultural diplomacy, and intercultural competence between the people ...
to Italy in 1955-56, he took the Ph.D in Musicology at Princeton with a dissertation on the 16th-century Italian composer, Vincenzo Ruffo, whose sacred music shows the direct influence of the aesthetic of the Counter-Reformation. Lockwood was trained as a cellist, studying first with Albin Antosch and later with Lucien Laporte of the Paganini Quartet. and he is still active in chamber music.


Work

After serving in the
U.S. Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cl ...
in 1956-58, where he played as cellist in the
Seventh Army Symphony Orchestra The Seventh Army Symphony Orchestra was the only symphonic orchestral ensemble ever created under the supervision of the United States Army. Founded by the composer Samuel Adler, its members participated in the cultural diplomacy initiatives of ...
, Lockwood taught at Princeton University from 1958 to 1980, and at
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of high ...
from 1980 to 2002.Paula Morgan,
Lewis Lockwood
.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'', it is one of the largest reference works on the history and theo ...
, online.
After his retirement from Harvard in 2002, he was given an honorary appointment at
Boston University Boston University (BU) is a Private university, private research university in Boston, Massachusetts. The university is nonsectarian, but has a historical affiliation with the United Methodist Church. It was founded in 1839 by Methodists with ...
and is presently Co-Director of the Boston University Center for Beethoven Research.Press Release,
Lewis Lockwood to join the BU Faculty
October 10, 2011"
He edited the ''
Journal of the American Musicological Society The ''Journal of the American Musicological Society'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal and an official journal of the American Musicological Society. It is published by University of California Press and covers all aspects of musicology. The ' ...
'' from 1964 to 1967 and was president of the
American Musicological Society The American Musicological Society (AMS) is a musicological organization which researches, promotes and produces publications on music. Founded in 1934, the AMS was begun by leading American musicologists of the time, and was crucial in legitim ...
from 1987 to 1988. Lockwood's work in Italian music history focused first on issues of style and genre, including redefinition of the familiar term "
Parody mass A parody mass is a musical setting of the mass, typically from the 16th century, that uses multiple voices of another pre-existing piece of music, such as a fragment of a motet or a secular ''chanson'', as part of its melodic material. It is dis ...
" and related subjects. In later years he turned to the study of a single major musical center of the Renaissance, fifteenth-century Ferrara, and carried out extensive archival research which resulted in his major book, ''Music in Renaissance Ferrara, 1400-1505''(1984). This is a comprehensive study of the music, musicians, and patronage by which the Este dynasty built their court into an important center. In his later work, on Beethoven, Lockwood is known for manuscript research, especially on Beethoven's sketchbooks and autographs, but also wider frameworks of study His earliest Beethoven research was on the composing score of the cello sonata Op. 69, first movement, a rare and remarkable example of Beethoven's radical transformation of a movement at a late stage of composition. There followed other similar studies focused on sources. His biography, entitled ''Beethoven: The Music and the Life'' (Norton, 2003), was a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize in biography. Thereafter he published a book on the string quartets with the
Juilliard String Quartet The Juilliard String Quartet is a classical music string quartet founded in 1946 at the Juilliard School in New York by William Schuman. Since its inception, it has been the quartet-in-residence at the Juilliard School. It has received numerous ...
members as co-authors, entitled ''Inside Beethoven's Quartets'' (2008). In 2013, in collaboration with Alan Gosman, he completed seven years of work on the first critical edition of one of the largest and most revealing of the many surviving Beethoven sketchbooks. The publication, ''Beethoven's "Eroica" Sketchbook,'' was issued by
University of Illinois Press The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois system. Founded in 1918, the press publishes some 120 new books each year, plus 33 scholarly journals, and several electronic proje ...
in that year. Then followed his book, ''Beethoven's Symphonies: An Artistic Vision'' (Norton, 2015). His most recent book is a critical survey of the broad field of Beethoven biography, from the 1830s to the present, entitled ''Beethoven's Lives'' (2020).'


Awards and distinctions

In 1984, Lockwood was elected to membership in the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, a ...
, and in 2013 to the
American Philosophical Society The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...
. A ''
festschrift In academia, a ''Festschrift'' (; plural, ''Festschriften'' ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime. It generally takes the form of an edited volume, containing contributions from the h ...
'' in his honor was published in 1996. The Lewis Lockwood Award of the
American Musicological Society The American Musicological Society (AMS) is a musicological organization which researches, promotes and produces publications on music. Founded in 1934, the AMS was begun by leading American musicologists of the time, and was crucial in legitim ...
, awarded annually to an exceptional book by a musicologist within ten years of his or her Ph.D., is named in his honor.Lewis Lockwood Award
,
American Musicological Society The American Musicological Society (AMS) is a musicological organization which researches, promotes and produces publications on music. Founded in 1934, the AMS was begun by leading American musicologists of the time, and was crucial in legitim ...
, retrieved 2010-04-28.
In 2018 he was elected an Honorary Member of the
Beethoven-Haus The Beethoven House (German: ''Beethoven-Haus'') in Bonn, Germany, is a memorial site, museum and cultural institution serving various purposes. Founded in 1889 by the Beethoven-Haus association, it studies the life and work of composer Ludwig van ...
Verein in
Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ru ...
. In the same year he was, with
Margaret Bent Margaret Bent CBE , (born Margaret Hilda Bassington; 23 December 1940) is an English musicologist who specializes in music of the late medieval and Renaissance eras. In particular, she has written extensively on the Old Hall Manuscript, English ...
, the co-winner of the Guido Adler Prize for his contributions to the field of musicology.


Selected publications

* ''Beethoven's Lives'': The Biographical Tradition (Woodbridge:The Boydell Press, 2020) * ''Beethoven's Symphonies'': An Artistic Vision'' (New York: W.W. Norton, 2015) * ''Beethoven's "Eroica" Sketchbook: A Critical Edition: Transcription, Facsimile, Commentary;'' co-authored with Alan Gosman, 2 vols. (University of Illinois Press, 2013) * ''Inside Beethoven's Quartets: History, Performance, Interpretation,'' co-authored with the Juilliard String Quartet (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008) * ''Beethoven: The Music and the Life'' (New York: W.W. Norton, 2003; paperback 2005); finalist for a Pulitzer Prize in biography; translated into eight languages * ''Beethoven: Studies in the Creative Process'' (Harvard University Press, 1992) * ''Music in Renaissance Ferrara, 1400-1505'' (Oxford University Press, 1984; revised reprint Oxford University Press, 2008) * ''The Counter-Reformation and the Masses of Vincenzo Ruffo'' (Venice: Fondazione Giorgio Cini, 1970) In addition, Lockwood is the author of many articles and other publications in both Renaissance and Beethoven studies, and was the founder of the yearbook ''Beethoven Forum.'' A list of his articles and books is included in ''The New Beethoven'' (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press), ed. by Jeremy Yudkin (2020), xv-xix.


Personal life

Lockwood was married to Doris Hoffmann Lockwood from 1953 until her untimely death in 1992, and they had two children, Daniel Lockwood and Alison Lockwood Cronson. In 1997, he married Ava Bry Penman.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lockwood, Lewis 1930 births Living people Princeton University faculty Harvard University faculty American musicologists Beethoven scholars Educators from New York City Queens College, City University of New York alumni Princeton University alumni Members of the American Philosophical Society Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Josquin scholars