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Pre-1600

* 1158 – The city of
Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...
is founded by
Henry the Lion Henry the Lion (german: Heinrich der Löwe; 1129/1131 – 6 August 1195) was a member of the Welf dynasty who ruled as the duke of Saxony and Bavaria from 1142 and 1156, respectively, until 1180. Henry was one of the most powerful German p ...
on the banks of the river Isar. *
1216 Year 1216( MCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place England * Spring – First Barons' War: The English army, led by King John (Lackland), sacks the t ...
First Barons' War The First Barons' War (1215–1217) was a civil war in the Kingdom of England in which a group of rebellious major landowners (commonly referred to as barons) led by Robert Fitzwalter waged war against King John of England. The conflict resulte ...
: Prince Louis of France takes the city of
Winchester Winchester is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government Districts of England, district, at the western end of the South Downs Nation ...
, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon conquers over half of the
kingdom Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...
. * 1276 – While taking exile in Fuzhou, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
Song dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...
court hold the coronation ceremony for
Emperor Duanzong Emperor Duanzong of Song (10 July 1269 – 8 May 1278), personal name Zhao Shi, was the 17th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the eighth and penultimate emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the fifth son of Emperor Duzong and ...
. * 1285Second Mongol invasion of Vietnam: Forces led by Prince
Trần Quang Khải Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Quang Khải (1241–1294) was the third son of Trần Thái Tông, first emperor of the Trần dynasty of Vietnam. Being the younger brother of the Emperor Trần Thánh Tông and holding the position of grand ch ...
of the
Trần dynasty The Trần dynasty, ( Vietnamese: Nhà Trần, chữ Nôm: 茹陳)also known as the House of Trần, was a Vietnamese dynasty that ruled over the Kingdom of Đại Việt from 1225 to 1400. The dynasty was founded when emperor Trần Thá ...
destroy most of the invading
Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...
naval fleet in a battle at Chuong Duong. * 1287Kublai Khan defeats the force of Nayan and other traditionalist Borjigin princes in East
Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...
and
Manchuria Manchuria is an exonym (derived from the endo demonym " Manchu") for a historical and geographic region in Northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day Northeast China (Inner Manchuria) and parts of the Russian Far East (Outer Manc ...
. * 1381
Richard II of England Richard II (6 January 1367 – ), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. He was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan, Countess of Kent. Richard's father die ...
meets leaders of
Peasants' Revolt The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Blac ...
at
Mile End Mile End is a district of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in the East End of London, England, east-northeast of Charing Cross. Situated on the London-to-Colchester road, it was one of the earliest suburbs of London. It became part of the m ...
. The
Tower of London The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, which is sep ...
is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance. * 1404 – Welsh rebel leader
Owain Glyndŵr Owain ap Gruffydd (), commonly known as Owain Glyndŵr or Glyn Dŵr (, anglicised as Owen Glendower), was a Welsh leader, soldier and military commander who led a 15 year long Welsh War of Independence with the aim of ending English rule in Wa ...
, having declared himself
Prince of Wales Prince of Wales ( cy, Tywysog Cymru, ; la, Princeps Cambriae/Walliae) is a title traditionally given to the heir apparent to the English and later British throne. Prior to the conquest by Edward I in the 13th century, it was used by the rulers ...
, allies himself with the French against King
Henry IV of England Henry IV ( April 1367 – 20 March 1413), also known as Henry Bolingbroke, was King of England from 1399 to 1413. He asserted the claim of his grandfather King Edward III, a maternal grandson of Philip IV of France, to the Kingdom of F ...
.


1601–1900

* 1618 – Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper '' Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.'' in
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
(approximate date). * 1645
English Civil War The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians (" Roundheads") and Royalists led by Charles I ("Cavaliers"), mainly over the manner of England's governance and issues of re ...
:
Battle of Naseby The Battle of Naseby took place on 14 June 1645 during the First English Civil War, near the village of Naseby in Northamptonshire. The Parliamentarian New Model Army, commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell, destroyed the main ...
: Twelve thousand
Royalist A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of governm ...
forces are beaten by fifteen thousand Parliamentarian soldiers. * 1658Franco-Spanish War:
Turenne Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne (11 September 161127 July 1675), commonly known as Turenne , was a French general and one of only six Marshals to have been promoted Marshal General of France. The most illustrious member of the ...
and the French army win a decisive victory over the Spanish at the battle of the Dunes. * 1667 – The
Raid on the Medway The Raid on the Medway, during the Second Anglo-Dutch War in June 1667, was a successful attack conducted by the Dutch navy on English warships laid up in the fleet anchorages off Chatham Dockyard and Gillingham in the county of Kent. At t ...
by the
Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...
fleet in the
Second Anglo-Dutch War The Second Anglo-Dutch War or the Second Dutch War (4 March 1665 – 31 July 1667; nl, Tweede Engelse Oorlog "Second English War") was a conflict between England and the Dutch Republic partly for control over the seas and trade routes, whe ...
ends. It had lasted for five days and resulted in the worst ever defeat of the
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...
. * 1690 – King
William III of England William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic f ...
(William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront the former
King James II James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Glorious Re ...
. * 1775
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
: the Continental Army is established by the
Continental Congress The Continental Congress was a series of legislative bodies, with some executive function, for thirteen of Britain's colonies in North America, and the newly declared United States just before, during, and after the American Revolutionary War. ...
, marking the birth of the
United States Armed Forces The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States. The armed forces consists of six service branches: the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard. The president of the United States is the ...
. * 1777 – The Second Continental Congress passes the Flag Act of 1777 adopting the Stars and Stripes as the
Flag of the United States The national flag of the United States, United States of America, often referred to as the ''American flag'' or the ''U.S. flag'', consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rect ...
. * 1789
Mutiny on the Bounty The mutiny on the Royal Navy vessel occurred in the South Pacific Ocean on 28 April 1789. Disaffected crewmen, led by acting-Lieutenant Fletcher Christian, seized control of the ship from their captain, Lieutenant William Bligh, and set h ...
: mutiny survivors including Captain
William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh (9 September 1754 – 7 December 1817) was an officer of the Royal Navy and a colonial administrator. The mutiny on the HMS ''Bounty'' occurred in 1789 when the ship was under his command; after being set adrift i ...
and 18 others reach
Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is East Timor–Indonesia border, divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western p ...
after a nearly journey in an open boat. * 1800 – The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the
Battle of Marengo The Battle of Marengo was fought on 14 June 1800 between French forces under the First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte and Austrian forces near the city of Alessandria, in Piedmont, Italy. Near the end of the day, the French overcame General Mich ...
in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy. * 1807 – Emperor
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
's French Grande Armée defeats the
Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
Army at the
Battle of Friedland The Battle of Friedland (14 June 1807) was a major engagement of the Napoleonic Wars between the armies of the French Empire commanded by Napoleon I and the armies of the Russian Empire led by Count von Bennigsen. Napoleon and the French obtai ...
in Poland (modern Russian
Kaliningrad Oblast Kaliningrad Oblast (russian: Калинингра́дская о́бласть, translit=Kaliningradskaya oblast') is the westernmost federal subject of Russia. It is a semi-exclave situated on the Baltic Sea. The largest city and admin ...
) ending the
War of the Fourth Coalition The Fourth Coalition fought against Napoleon's French Empire and were defeated in a war spanning 1806–1807. The main coalition partners were Prussia and Russia with Saxony, Sweden, and Great Britain also contributing. Excluding Prussia, s ...
. * 1821
Badi VII Badi VII (reigned 1805–1821) was the last ruler of the Funj Sultanate. Badi offered no resistance to Ismail Pasha, who had led the khedive army of his father up the Nile to his capital at Sennar. Alan Moorhead repeats Frédéric Cailliaud's ...
, king of
Sennar Sennar ( ar, سنار ') is a city on the Blue Nile in Sudan and possibly the capital of the state of Sennar. It remains publicly unclear whether Sennar or Singa is the capital of Sennar State. For several centuries it was the capital of the F ...
, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the 300 year old Sudanese kingdom to an end. * 1822Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the
Royal Astronomical Society (Whatever shines should be observed) , predecessor = , successor = , formation = , founder = , extinction = , merger = , merged = , type = NG ...
. * 1830 – Beginning of the
French colonization of Algeria French Algeria (french: Alger to 1839, then afterwards; unofficially , ar, الجزائر المستعمرة), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of French colonisation of Algeria. French rule in the region began in 1830 with the ...
: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at
Sidi Fredj Sidi Fredj, known under French rule as Sidi Ferruch, is a coastal town in Algiers Province, Algeria. It is located within the territory of the municipality of Staouéli, on a presque-isle on the Mediterranean Sea. It is the site of the ancie ...
. * 1839Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the
River Thames The River Thames ( ), known alternatively in parts as the River Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second-longest in the United Kingdom, after the R ...
in Oxfordshire, stages its first
regatta Boat racing is a sport in which boats, or other types of watercraft, race on water. Boat racing powered by oars is recorded as having occurred in ancient Egypt, and it is likely that people have engaged in races involving boats and other wate ...
. * 1846Bear Flag Revolt begins:
Anglo Anglo is a prefix indicating a relation to, or descent from, the Angles, England, English culture, the English people or the English language, such as in the term ''Anglosphere''. It is often used alone, somewhat loosely, to refer to peopl ...
settlers in
Sonoma, California Sonoma is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Sonoma is one of the principal cities of California's Wine Country and the center of the Sonoma Valley AVA. Sonoma's p ...
, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic. * 1863
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
:
Second Battle of Winchester The Second Battle of Winchester was fought between June 13 and June 15, 1863 in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia as part of the Gettysburg Campaign during the American Civil War. As Confederate Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell move ...
: A
Union Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Un ...
garrison is defeated by the
Army of Northern Virginia The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was also the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia. It was most oft ...
in the Shenandoah Valley town of
Winchester, Virginia Winchester is the most north western independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is the county seat of Frederick County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Winchester wit ...
. * 1863 – Second Assault on the Confederate works at the
Siege of Port Hudson The siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana, (May 22 – July 9, 1863) was the final engagement in the Union campaign to recapture the Mississippi River in the American Civil War. While Union General Ulysses Grant was besieging Vicksburg upriver, Ge ...
during the American Civil War. * 1872
Trade union A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ( ...
s are legalized in Canada. * 1888 – The
White Rajah The White Rajahs were a dynastic monarchy of the British Brooke family, who founded and ruled the Raj of Sarawak, located on the north west coast of the island of Borneo, from 1841 to 1946. The first ruler was Briton James Brooke. As a reward ...
s territories become the British protectorate of
Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, ...
. * 1900
Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
becomes a
United States territory In the United States, a territory is any extent of region under the sovereign jurisdiction of the federal government of the United States, including all waters (around islands or continental tracts). The United States asserts sovereign rights for ...
. * 1900 – The second German Naval Law calls for the
Imperial German Navy The Imperial German Navy or the Imperial Navy () was the navy of the German Empire, which existed between 1871 and 1919. It grew out of the small Prussian Navy (from 1867 the North German Federal Navy), which was mainly for coast defence. Kaise ...
to be doubled in size, resulting in an
Anglo-German naval arms race The arms race between Great Britain and Germany that occurred from the last decade of the nineteenth century until the advent of World War I in 1914 was one of the intertwined causes of that conflict. While based in a bilateral relationship tha ...
.


1901–present

* 1907 – The National Association for Women's Suffrage succeeds in getting Norwegian women the right to vote in parliamentary elections. * 1919John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from
St. John's, Newfoundland St. John's is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. The city spans and is the easternmost city in North America ...
on the first nonstop
transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...
. * 1926
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
leaves the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ...
. * 1937
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
becomes the first (and only) state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a
state holiday In the United States there are a number of observed holidays where employees receive paid time off. The labor force in the United States comprises about 62% (as of 2014) of the general population. In the United States, 97% of the private secto ...
. * 1937 – U.S. House of Representatives passes the
Marihuana Tax Act The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, , was a United States Act that placed a tax on the sale of cannabis. The H.R. 6385 act was drafted by Harry Anslinger and introduced by Rep. Robert L. Doughton of North Carolina, on April 14, 1937. The Seventy-fift ...
. * 1940
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
: The German
occupation of Paris Paris started mobilizing for war in September 1939, when Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union attacked Poland, but the war seemed far away until May 10, 1940, when the Germans attacked France and quickly defeated the French army. The French governme ...
begins. * 1940 – The Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Lithuania resulting in Lithuanian loss of independence. * 1940 – Seven hundred and twenty-eight Polish political prisoners from
Tarnów Tarnów () is a city in southeastern Poland with 105,922 inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of 269,000 inhabitants. The city is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. From 1975 to 1998, it was the capital of the Tarn ...
become the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp. *
1941 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar Eu ...
June deportation The June deportation ( et, juuniküüditamine, lv, jūnija deportācijas, lt, birželio trėmimai) was a mass deportation by the Soviet Union of tens of thousands of people from the territories occupied in 1940–1941: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuan ...
: the first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murder of
Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...
ns,
Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
ns and
Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
ns, begins. * 1944 – World War II: After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons
Operation Perch Operation Perch was a British offensive of the Second World War which took place from 7 to 14 June 1944, during the early stages of the Battle of Normandy. The operation was intended to encircle and seize the German occupied city of Caen, which ...
, its plan to capture the
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...
-occupied town of Caen. * 1945 – World War II: Filipino troops of the
Philippine Commonwealth Army The Philippine Army was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines, with a general headquarters in Manila, and units and formations based throughout the provinces of the Philippines. The Philippine Army was initially org ...
liberate the captured in
Ilocos Sur Ilocos Sur, officially the Province of Ilocos Sur ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ilocos Sur; tl, Lalawigan ng Ilocos Sur), is a province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. Located on the mouth of the Mestizo River is the capital o ...
and start the
Battle of Bessang Pass The Battle of Bessang Pass ( fil, Labanan sa Pasong Bessang; ilo, Gubat ti Paso Bessang) was a major battle during the Philippines Campaign (1944–1945), Philippines Campaign of World War II. It was fought from 9 January through 15 June 1945 i ...
in
Northern Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
. * 1949Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a
V-2 rocket The V-2 (german: Vergeltungswaffe 2, lit=Retaliation Weapon 2), with the technical name ''Aggregat 4'' (A-4), was the world’s first long-range guided ballistic missile. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was develop ...
to an altitude of 134 km (83 mi), thereby becoming the first mammal and first
monkey in space Before humans went into space in the 1960s, several other animals were launched into space, including numerous other primates, so that scientists could investigate the biological effects of spaceflight. The United States launched flights contai ...
. * 1951
UNIVAC I The UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I) was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer design for business application produced in the United States. It was designed principally by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, the inven ...
is dedicated by the
U.S. Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...
. * 1954 – U.S. President
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
signs a bill into law that places the words " under God" into the United States
Pledge of Allegiance The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is a patriotic recited verse that promises allegiance to the flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. The first version, with a text different from the one used ...
. * 1955
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty. * 1959
Disneyland Monorail System The Disneyland Monorail System (originally named the Disneyland ALWEG Monorail System) is an attraction and transportation system at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, United States. It was the first daily operating monorail in the W ...
, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public in
Anaheim, California Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most ...
. * 1959 – Dominican exiles depart from
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
and land in the
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with ...
to overthrow the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed. * 1962 – The
European Space Research Organisation The European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) was an international organisation founded by 10 European nations with the intention of jointly pursuing scientific research in space. It was founded in 1964. As an organisation ESRO was based on a ...
is established in Paris – later becoming the
European Space Agency , owners = , headquarters = Paris, Île-de-France, France , coordinates = , spaceport = Guiana Space Centre , seal = File:ESA emblem seal.png , seal_size = 130px , image = Views in the Main Control Room (1205 ...
. * 1966 – The
Vatican Vatican may refer to: Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum The Holy See * The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...
announces the abolition of the '' Index Librorum Prohibitorum'' ("index of prohibited books"), which was originally instituted in 1557. * 1967
Mariner program The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the in ...
: ''
Mariner 5 Mariner 5 (Mariner Venus 1967) was a spacecraft of the Mariner program that carried a complement of experiments to probe Venus' atmosphere by radio occultation, measure the hydrogen Lyman-alpha (hard ultraviolet) spectrum, and sample the sola ...
'' is launched towards
Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...
. * 1972
Japan Airlines Flight 471 Japan Air Lines Flight 471 was a Japan Air Lines international flight from Don Mueang International Airport in Bangkok, Thailand to Palam International Airport (now Indira Gandhi International Airport) in New Delhi, India. On 14 June 1972 the Do ...
crashes on approach to Palam International Airport (now
Indira Gandhi International Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport is the primary international airport serving Delhi, the capital of India, and the National Capital Region (NCR). The airport, spread over an area of , is situated in Palam, Delhi, southwest of the New ...
) in
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
, killing 82 of the 87 people on board and four more people on the ground. * 1982Falklands War: Argentine forces in the capital
Stanley Stanley may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Stanley'' (1972 film), an American horror film * ''Stanley'' (1984 film), an Australian comedy * ''Stanley'' (1999 film), an animated short * ''Stanley'' (1956 TV series) ...
conditionally surrender to British forces. * 1985 – Five members of the European Economic Community sign the
Schengen Agreement The Schengen Agreement ( , ) is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished. It was signed on 14 June 1985, near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg, by five of the t ...
establishing a free travel zone with no
border control Border control refers to measures taken by governments to monitor and regulate the movement of people, animals, and goods across land, air, and maritime borders. While border control is typically associated with international borders, it a ...
s. * 1986The Mindbender derails and kills three riders at the Fantasyland (known today as
Galaxyland Galaxyland Powered by Hasbro formerly just Galaxyland, and previously known as Fantasyland, is an indoor amusement park. Located in the West Edmonton Mall in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, the second largest mall in North America, it is home to the ...
) indoor amusement park at
West Edmonton Mall West Edmonton Mall (WEM) is a shopping mall in Edmonton, Alberta, that is owned, managed, and operated by Triple Five Group. It is the second most visited mall in Canada, after the Toronto Eaton Centre in Toronto, followed by Metrotown Mall in ...
in
Edmonton Edmonton ( ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. Edmonton is situated on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Metropolitan Region, which is surrounded by Alberta's central region. The city ancho ...
,
Alberta Alberta ( ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is part of Western Canada and is one of the three prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to the west, Saskatchewan to the east, the Northwest Ter ...
. * 1994 – The 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot occurs after the
New York Rangers The New York Rangers are a professional ice hockey team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Metropolitan Division in the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home ...
defeat the
Vancouver Canucks The Vancouver Canucks are a professional ice hockey team based in Vancouver. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division (NHL), Pacific Division of the Western Conference (NHL), Western Conference, and ...
to win the
Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...
, causing an estimated 1.1 million, leading to 200 arrests and injuries. * 2002Near-Earth asteroid 2002 MN misses the Earth by , about one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon. * 2014 – A Ukraine military Ilyushin Il-76 airlifter is shot down, killing all 49 people on board. * 2017 – A fire in a high-rise apartment building in
North Kensington North Kensington is an area of west London. It is north of Notting Hill and south of Kensal Green and in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. The names North Kensington and Ladbroke Grove describe the same area. North Kensington is wh ...
,
London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
, UK, leaves 72 people dead and another 74 injured. * 2017 – US Republican House Majority Whip
Steve Scalise Stephen Joseph Scalise (; born October 6, 1965) is an American politician who is the United States House of Representatives Minority Whip and representative for . Scalise is in his eighth House term, having held his seat since 2008. The district ...
of
Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...
, and three others, are
shot Shot may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Shot'' (album), by The Jesus Lizard *''Shot, Illusion, New God'', an EP by Gruntruck *'' Shot Rev 2.0'', a video album by The Sisters of Mercy * "Shot" (song), by The Rasmus * ''Shot'' (2017 f ...
and wounded by a terrorist while practicing for the annual
Congressional Baseball Game The Congressional Baseball Game for Charity is an annual baseball game played each summer by members of the United States Congress. The game began as a casual event among colleagues in 1909 and eventually evolved into one of Washington, D.C.'s ...
.


Births


Pre-1600

*
1444 Year 1444 ( MCDXLIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+(-100(C)+500(D))+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1444. ...
Nilakantha Somayaji Keļallur Nilakantha Somayaji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a major mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehens ...
, Indian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1544) * 1479
Giglio Gregorio Giraldi Giglio Gregorio Giraldi (Lilius Gregorius Gyraldus or Giraldus) (14 June 1479 – February 1552) was an Italian scholar and poet. He was born at Ferrara, where he early distinguished himself by his talents and acquirements. On the completion o ...
, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1552) * 1529
Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria (Linz, 14 June 1529 – 24 January 1595, Innsbruck) was ruler of Further Austria and since 1564 Imperial count of Tirol. The son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, he was married to Philippine Welser ...
(d. 1595)


1601–1900

*
1627 Events January–March * January 26 – The Dutch ship t Gulden Zeepaert'', skippered by François Thijssen, makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. * February 15 – The administrative rural p ...
Johann Abraham Ihle, German astronomer (d. 1699) *
1691 Events January–March * January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands. * January 14 – A ...
Jan Francisci, Slovak organist and composer (d. 1758) * 1726
Thomas Pennant Thomas Pennant (14 June OS 172616 December 1798) was a Welsh naturalist, traveller, writer and antiquarian. He was born and lived his whole life at his family estate, Downing Hall near Whitford, Flintshire, in Wales. As a naturalist he h ...
, Welsh ornithologist and historian (d. 1798) * 1730
Antonio Sacchini Antonio Maria Gasparo Gioacchino Sacchini (14 June 1730 – 6 October 1786) was an Italian composer, best known for his operas. Sacchini was born in Florence, but raised in Naples, where he received his musical education. He made a name for him ...
, Italian composer and educator (d. 1786) * 1736
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (; ; 14 June 1736 – 23 August 1806) was a French officer, engineer, and physicist. He is best known as the eponymous discoverer of what is now called Coulomb's law, the description of the electrostatic force of attra ...
, French physicist and engineer (d. 1806) * 1763
Simon Mayr Johann(es) Simon Mayr (also spelled Majer, Mayer, Maier), also known in Italian as Giovanni Simone Mayr or Simone Mayr (14 June 1763 – 2 December 1845), was a German composer. His music reflects the transition from the Classical to the ...
, German composer and educator (d. 1845) * 1780Henry Salt, English historian and diplomat, British Consul-General in Egypt (d. 1827) *
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
Nikolai Brashman Nikolai Dmitrievich Brashman (russian: Николáй Дми́триевич Брáшман; german: Nikolaus Braschmann; June 14, 1796 – ) was a Russian mathematician of Jewish-Austrian origin. He was a student of Joseph Johann Littrow, an ...
, Czech-Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1866) * 1798
František Palacký František Palacký (; June 17, 1798 – May 26, 1876) was a Czech historian and politician, the most influential person of the Czech National Revival, called "Father of the Nation". Life František Palacký was born on June 17, 1798 at Hodslavi ...
, Czech historian and politician (d. 1876) * 1801
Heber C. Kimball Heber Chase Kimball (June 14, 1801 – June 22, 1868) was a leader in the early Latter Day Saint movement. He served as one of the original twelve apostles in the early Church of the Latter Day Saints, and as first counselor to Brigham Young ...
, American religious leader (d. 1868) * 1811Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author and activist (d. 1896) * 1819
Henry Gardner Henry Joseph Gardner (June 14, 1819 – July 21, 1892) was the List of Governors of Massachusetts, 23rd Governor of Massachusetts, serving from 1855 to 1858. Gardner, a Know Nothing, was elected governor as part of the sweeping victory of ...
, American merchant and politician, 23rd
Governor of Massachusetts The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the chief executive officer of the government of Massachusetts. The governor is the head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces. Massachuset ...
(d. 1892) * 1820John Bartlett, American author and publisher (d. 1905) * 1829
Bernard Petitjean Bernard Thaddée Petitjean (14 June 1829 – 7 October 1884) was a French Roman Catholic priest who served as a missionary to Japan as well as becoming the country's first vicar apostolic. Life left, View of the first Nagasaki.html"_;"ti ...
, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (d. 1884) * 1838
Yamagata Aritomo '' Gensui'' Prince , also known as Prince Yamagata Kyōsuke, was a senior-ranking Japanese military commander, twice-elected Prime Minister of Japan, and a leading member of the '' genrō'', an élite group of senior statesmen who dominated J ...
, Japanese Field Marshal and politician, 3rd and 9th
Prime Minister of Japan The prime minister of Japan (Japanese: 内閣総理大臣, Hepburn: ''Naikaku Sōri-Daijin'') is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of Sta ...
(d. 1922) * 1840William F. Nast, American businessman (d. 1893) * 1848Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and theorist (d. 1923) * 1848
Max Erdmannsdörfer Max Erdmannsdörfer (14 June 184814 February 1905) (sometimes seen as ''Max von Erdmannsdörfer'') was a German conductor, pianist and composer. He was born in Nuremberg. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, becoming concertmaster at Sonders ...
, German conductor and composer (d. 1905) * 1855
Robert M. La Follette Robert Marion "Fighting Bob" La Follette Sr. (June 14, 1855June 18, 1925), was an American lawyer and politician. He represented Wisconsin in both chambers of Congress and served as the 20th Governor of Wisconsin. A Republican for most of his ...
, American lawyer and politician, 20th Governor of Wisconsin (d. 1925) * 1856Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1922) * 1862John Ulric Nef, Swiss-American chemist and academic (d. 1915) * 1864
Alois Alzheimer Alois Alzheimer ( , , ; 14 June 1864 – 19 December 1915) was a German psychiatrist and neuropathologist and a colleague of Emil Kraepelin. Alzheimer is credited with identifying the first published case of "presenile dementia", which Kraep ...
, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (d. 1915) * 1868
Karl Landsteiner Karl Landsteiner (; 14 June 1868 – 26 June 1943) was an Austrian-born American biologist, physician, and immunologist. He distinguished the main blood groups in 1900, having developed the modern system of classification of blood groups from ...
, Austrian biologist and physician,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 1943) * 1868 –
Anna B. Eckstein Anna Bernhardine Eckstein (14 June 1868 – 16 October 1947) was a German champion of world peace, who trained as a teacher and campaigned for peace across the world. She gathered six million signatures on a petition and, in 1913, was nominated ...
, German peace activist (d. 1947) * 1870
Sophia of Prussia Sophia of Prussia (Sophie Dorothea Ulrike Alice, el, Σοφία; 14 June 1870 – 13 January 1932) was Queen consort of the Hellenes from 1913–1917, and also from 1920–1922. A member of the House of Hohenzollern and child of Frederick III, ...
(d. 1932) * 1871
Hermanus Brockmann Hermanus Gerardus "Herman" Brockmann (14 June 1871 in Amsterdam – 18 January 1936 in The Hague) was a Dutch coxswain who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Dutch boats ''Minerva Amsterdam Minerva (; ett ...
, Dutch rower (d. 1936) * 1871 –
Jacob Ellehammer Jacob Christian Hansen-Ellehammer (14 June 1871 – 20 May 1946) was a Danish watchmaker and inventor born in Bakkebølle, Denmark. He is remembered chiefly for his contributions to powered flight. Following the end of his apprenticeship as a ...
, Danish mechanic and engineer (d. 1946) * 1872János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and author (d. 1936) * 1877
Jane Bathori Jane Bathori (14 June 1877 – 25 January 1970) was a French mezzo-soprano. She was famous on the operatic stage and important in the development of contemporary French music. Life and career Born Jeanne-Marie Berthier, she originally studie ...
, French soprano (d. 1970) * 1877 –
Ida MacLean Ida Smedley Maclean (born Ida Smedley 14 June 1877, died 2 March 1944) was an English biochemist and the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society. Early life and education Ida was born in Birmingham to William Smedley, a businessma ...
, British biochemist, the first woman admitted to the
London Chemical Society London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major se ...
(d. 1944) * 1878Léon Thiébaut, French fencer (d. 1943) * 1879Arthur Duffey, American sprinter and coach (d. 1955) * 1884John McCormack, Irish tenor and actor (d. 1945) * 1884 –
Georg Zacharias Georg Zacharias (14 June 1884 – 31 July 1953) was a German backstroke and breaststroke swimmer who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He was born and died in Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany ...
, German swimmer (d. 1953) *
1890 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony, in the Horn of Africa. ** In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burns in a fire on the Black River. * January 2 ** The steamship ...
May Allison May Allison (June 14, 1890 – March 27, 1989) was an American actress whose greatest success was achieved in the early part of the 20th century in silent films, although she also appeared on stage. Life and career Allison was born in Rising ...
, American actress (d. 1989) * 1894
Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Marie-Adélaïde (Marie-Adélaïde Thérèse Hilda Wilhelmine; 14 June 1894 – 24 January 1924), reigned as Grand Duchess of Luxembourg from 1912 until her abdication in 1919. She was the first Grand Duchess regnant of Luxembourg (after five gra ...
(d. 1924) * 1894 –
José Carlos Mariátegui José Carlos Mariátegui La Chira (June 14, 1894 - April 16, 1930) was a Peruvian writer, journalist, politician and Marxist–Leninist philosopher. A prolific author despite his early death, El Amauta (from Quechua: hamawt'a, "teacher", a na ...
(d. 1930) * 1894 – W. W. E. Ross, Canadian geophysicist and poet (d. 1966) * 1895
Jack Adams John James Adams (June 14, 1894 – May 1, 1968) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player, coach and general manager in the National Hockey League and Pacific Coast Hockey Association. He played for the Toronto Arenas, Vancouver Millionair ...
, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 1968) * 1898
Theobald Wolfe Tone FitzGerald Theobald Wolfe Tone FitzGerald (14 June 1898 – 27 March 1962) was an Irish army officer and painter. He is recognised for his role in painting the Irish Republic flag that flew over the General Post Office during the Easter Rising 1916. The fl ...
, Irish Army Officer and painter (d. 1962) * 1900
Ruth Nanda Anshen Ruth Nanda Anshen (June 14, 1900 – December 2, 2003) was an American philosopher, author and editor. She was the author of several books including ''The Anatomy of Evil'', ''Biography of An Idea'', ''Morals Equals Manners'' and ''The Mystery ...
, American writer, editor, and philosopher (d. 2003) * 1900 –
June Walker : ''For the American activist and former Hadassah leader, see June Walker (Hadassah)'' June Walker (June 14, 1900 – February 3, 1966) was an American stage and film actress. Early years Walker was born in New York City on June 14, 1900, an ...
, American stage and film actress (d. 1966)


1901–present

* 1903
Alonzo Church Alonzo Church (June 14, 1903 – August 11, 1995) was an American mathematician, computer scientist, logician, philosopher, professor and editor who made major contributions to mathematical logic and the foundations of theoretical computer scien ...
, American mathematician and logician (d. 1995) * 1903 – Rose Rand, Austrian-American logician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1980) * 1904
Margaret Bourke-White Margaret Bourke-White (; June 14, 1904 – August 27, 1971), an American photographer and documentary photographer, became arguably best known as the first foreign photographer permitted to take pictures of Soviet industry under the Soviets' ...
, American photographer and journalist (d. 1971) * 1905
Steve Broidy Samuel “Steve” Broidy (June 14, 1905 – April 28, 1991) was an American executive in the U.S. motion picture industry. Early life Samuel Broidy was born on June 14, 1905 in Malden, Massachusetts. He attended Boston University, but he wa ...
, American businessman (d. 1991) * 1905 – Arthur Davis, American animator and director (d. 2000) * 1907
Nicolas Bentley Nicolas Clerihew Bentley (14 June 1907 – 14 August 1978) was a British writer and illustrator, best known for his humorous cartoon drawings in books and magazines in the 1930s and 1940s. The son of Edmund Clerihew Bentley (inventor of the clerih ...
, English author and illustrator (d. 1978) * 1907 – René Char, French poet and author (d. 1988) * 1909
Burl Ives Burl Icle Ivanhoe Ives (June 14, 1909 – April 14, 1995) was an American musician, actor, and author with a career that spanned more than six decades. Ives began his career as an itinerant singer and guitarist, eventually launching his own rad ...
, American actor and singer (d. 1995) * 1910
Rudolf Kempe Rudolf Kempe (14 June 1910 – 12 May 1976) was a German conductor. Biography Kempe was born in Dresden, where from the age of fourteen he studied at the Dresden State Opera School. He played oboe in the opera orchestra of Dortmund and ...
, German pianist and conductor (d. 1976) * 1913Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and trade union leader (d. 1996) * 1916
Dorothy McGuire Dorothy Hackett McGuire (June 14, 1916 – September 13, 2001) was an American actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for '' Gentleman's Agreement'' (1947) and won the National Board of Review Award for Best Actre ...
, American actress (d. 2001) * 1917
Lise Nørgaard Lise Nørgaard (born Elise Jensen; 14 June 1917 – 1 January 2023) was a Danish journalist and writer known for her precise and often humorous portrayals of Danish cultural life. Nørgaard wrote novels, compilations of essays and short stories. ...
, Danish journalist, author, and screenwriter * 1917 –
Gilbert Prouteau Gilbert Prouteau (14 June 1917 – 2 August 2012) was a French poet and film director. He was born in Nesmy, Vendée. In 1948 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Rythme du Stade" ("Rhythm of the Stadiu ...
, French poet and director (d. 2012) * 1917 –
Atle Selberg Atle Selberg (14 June 1917 – 6 August 2007) was a Norwegian mathematician known for his work in analytic number theory and the theory of automorphic forms, and in particular for bringing them into relation with spectral theory. He was awarde ...
, Norwegian-American mathematician and academic (d. 2007) * 1919
Gene Barry Gene Barry (born Eugene Klass, June 14, 1919 – December 9, 2009) was an American stage, screen, and television actor and singer. Barry is best remembered for his leading roles in the films '' The Atomic City'' (1952) and ''The War of The Worl ...
, American actor (d. 2009) * 1919 –
Sam Wanamaker Samuel Wanamaker, (born Wattenmacker; June 14, 1919 – December 18, 1993) was an American actor and director who moved to the United Kingdom after becoming fearful of being blacklisted in Hollywood due to his communist views. He is credited a ...
, American actor and director (d. 1993) * 1921Martha Greenhouse, American actress (d. 2013) * 1923
Judith Kerr Anna Judith Gertrud Helene Kerr (surname pronounced ; 14 June 1923 – 22 May 2019) was a German-born British writer and illustrator whose books sold more than 10 million copies around the world.
, German-English author and illustrator (d. 2019) * 1923 – Green Wix Unthank, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 2013) * 1924James Black, Scottish pharmacologist and academic,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 2010) * 1925
Pierre Salinger Pierre Emil George Salinger (June 14, 1925 – October 16, 2004) was an American journalist, author and politician. He served as the ninth press secretary for United States Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. Salinger served ...
, American journalist and politician, 11th White House Press Secretary (d. 2004) * 1926
Don Newcombe Donald Newcombe (June 14, 1926 – February 19, 2019), nicknamed "Newk", was an American professional baseball pitcher in Negro league and Major League Baseball who played for the Newark Eagles (1944–45), Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers (1949–1 ...
, American baseball player (d. 2019) * 1928
Ernesto "Che" Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara (; 14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on /upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Ernesto_Guevara_Acta_de_Nacimiento.jpg his birth certificatewas 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quoted ...
, Argentinian-Cuban physician, author, guerrilla leader and politician (d. 1967) * 1929Cy Coleman, American pianist and composer (d. 2004) * 1929 – Alan Davidson, Australian cricketer (d. 2021) * 1929 – Johnny Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011) * 1931
Marla Gibbs Marla Gibbs (born Margaret Theresa Bradley; June 14, 1931) is an American actress, singer, comedian, writer and television producer, whose career spans six decades. Gibbs is known for her role as George Jefferson's maid, Florence Johnston, in th ...
, American actress and comedian * 1931 –
Ross Higgins Ross or ROSS may refer to: People * Clan Ross, a Highland Scottish clan * Ross (name), including a list of people with the surname or given name Ross, as well as the meaning * Earl of Ross, a peerage of Scotland Places * RoSS, the Republic of So ...
, Australian actor (d. 2016) * 1931 –
Junior Walker Autry DeWalt Mixon Jr. (June 14, 1931 – November 23, 1995), known professionally as Junior Walker, was an American multi-instrumentalist (primarily saxophonist and vocalist) who recorded for Motown during the 1960s. He also performed as a sess ...
, American saxophonist (d. 1995) * 1933Jerzy Kosiński, Polish-American novelist and screenwriter (d. 1991) * 1933 –
Vladislav Rastorotsky Vladislav Stepanovich Rastorotsky (russian: Владислав Степанович Растороцкий; 14 June 1933 – 2 July 2017) was a Russian (and former Soviet) artistic gymnastics coach, ''Honoured Trainer of the USSR'', who trained in ...
, Russian gymnast and coach (d. 2017) * 1936Renaldo Benson, American singer-songwriter (d. 2005) * 1936 –
Irmelin Sandman Lilius Rut Irmelin Sandman Lilius (born 14 June 1936) is a Swedish-speaking Finnish writer. Biography Irmelin Sandman was born in Helsinki. Her first book, , was published in 1955. She has written picture books and novels for children as well as books f ...
, Finnish author, poet, and translator * 1938
Julie Felix Julie Ann Felix (June 14, 1938 – March 22, 2020) was an American-British folk singer and recording artist who achieved success, particularly on British television, in the late 1960s and early 1970s. She later performed and released albums on h ...
, American-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2020) * 1939Steny Hoyer, American lawyer and politician * 1939 –
Peter Mayle Peter Mayle ( "mail"; 14 June 1939 – 18 January 2018) was a British businessman turned author who moved to France in the 1980s. He wrote a series of bestselling memoirs of his life there, beginning with '' A Year in Provence'' (1989). Early l ...
, English author and screenwriter (d. 2018) * 1939 –
Colin Thubron Colin Gerald Dryden Thubron, FRAS (born 14 June 1939) is a British travel writer and novelist. In 2008, ''The Times'' ranked him among the 50 greatest postwar British writers. He is a contributor to ''The New York Review of Books'',
, English journalist and author * 1942 – Jonathan Raban, English author and academic * 1942 – Roberto García-Calvo Montiel, Spanish judge (d. 2008) *1943 – Harold Wheeler (musician), Harold Wheeler, American composer, conductor, and producer * 1944 – Laurie Colwin, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1992) * 1945 – Rod Argent, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player * 1945 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (d. 2012) * 1945 – Richard Stebbins, American sprinter and educator *1946 – Robert Louis-Dreyfus, French-Swiss businessman (d. 2009) * 1946 – Tõnu Sepp, Estonian instrument maker and educator * 1946 – Donald Trump, American businessman, television personality and 45th President of the United States *1947 – Roger Liddle, Baron Liddle, English politician * 1947 – Barry Melton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1947 – Paul Rudolph (musician), Paul Rudolph, Canadian singer, guitarist, and cyclist *1948 – Laurence Yep, American author and playwright * 1949 – Jim Lea (musician), Jim Lea, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer * 1949 – Roger Powell (scientist), Roger Powell, English-Australian scientist and academic * 1949 – Antony Sher, South African-British actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2021) * 1949 – Harry Turtledove, American historian and author * 1949 – Alan White (Yes drummer), Alan White, English drummer and songwriter (d. 2022) *1950 – Rowan Williams, Welsh archbishop and theologian * 1951 – Paul Boateng, English lawyer and politician, List of High Commissioners of the United Kingdom to South Africa, British High Commissioner to South Africa * 1951 – Danny Edwards, American golfer *1952 – Pat Summitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016) * 1954 – Will Patton, American actor * 1955 – Paul O'Grady, English television host, producer, and drag performer * 1955 – Kirron Kher, Indian theatre, film and television actress, TV talk show host and politician * 1959 – Marcus Miller, American bass player, composer, and producer *1960 – Tonie Campbell, American hurdler *1961 – Boy George, English singer-songwriter and producer * 1961 – Dušan Kojić, Serbian singer-songwriter and bass player * 1961 – Sam Perkins, American basketball player * 1967 – Dedrick Dodge, American football player and coach *1968 – Faizon Love, Cuban-American actor and screenwriter *1969 – Éric Desjardins, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1969 – Steffi Graf, German tennis player *1970 – Heather McDonald, American comedian, actress, and author *1971 – Bruce Bowen, American basketball player and sportscaster * 1971 – Ramon Vega, Swiss footballer * 1972 – Rick Brunson, American basketball player and coach * 1972 – Matthias Ettrich, German computer scientist and engineer, founded KDE * 1972 – Claude Henderson, South African cricketer * 1972 – Danny McFarlane, Jamaican hurdler and sprinter *1973 – Sami Kapanen, Finnish-American ice hockey player and manager *1976 – Alan Carr, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter * 1976 – Massimo Oddo, Italian footballer and manager *1977 – Boeta Dippenaar, South African cricketer * 1977 – Chris McAlister, American football player * 1977 – Joe Worsley, English rugby player and coach *1978 – Steve Bégin, Canadian ice hockey player * 1978 – Diablo Cody, American director, producer, and screenwriter * 1978 – Annia Hatch, Cuban-American gymnast and coach * 1978 – Nikola Vujčić, Croatian former professional basketball player *1979 – Shannon Hegarty, Australian rugby league player *1981 – Elano, Brazilian footballer and manager * 1982 – Jamie Green, English racing driver * 1982 – Nicole Irving, Australian swimmer * 1982 – Lang Lang, Chinese pianist *1983 – Trevor Barry, Bahamian high jumper * 1983 – Louis Garrel, French actor, director, and screenwriter *1984 – Lorenzo Booker, American football player * 1984 – Mark Cosgrove, Australian cricketer * 1984 – Siobhán Donaghy, English singer-songwriter * 1984 – Yury Prilukov, Russian swimmer * 1985 – Oleg Medvedev. Russian luger * 1985 – Andy Soucek, Spanish racing driver * 1986 – Rhe-Ann Niles-Mapp, Barbadian netball player * 1986 – Matt Read, Canadian ice hockey player *1987 – Andrew Cogliano, Canadian ice hockey player * 1987 – Mohamed Diamé, Senegalese footballer *1988 – Adrián Aldrete, Mexican footballer * 1988 – Kevin McHale (actor), Kevin McHale, American actor, singer, dancer and radio personality *1989 – Lucy Hale, American actress and singer-songwriter * 1989 – Brad Takairangi, Australian-Cook Islands rugby league player *1990 – Patrice Cormier, Canadian ice hockey player *1991 – Kostas Manolas, Greek footballer * 1991 – Jesy Nelson, English singer *1992 – Devante Smith-Pelly, Canadian ice hockey player *1993 – Gunna (rapper), Gunna, American rapper * 1994 – Moon Taeil, South Korean singer *1997 – David Bangala, French football defender *1999 – Tzuyu, Chou Tzuyu, Taiwanese singer


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 809 – Ōtomo no Otomaro, Japanese general (b. 731) * 847 – Methodios I of Constantinople, Methodius I, patriarch of Constantinople * 957 – Guadamir, bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Vic, Vic (Spain) * 976 – Aron of Bulgaria, Aron, Bulgarian nobleman *1161 – Emperor Qinzong of the Song dynasty (b. 1100) *1349 – Günther von Schwarzburg, German king (b. 1304) * 1381 – Simon Sudbury, English archbishop (b. 1316) *1497 – Giovanni Borgia, 2nd Duke of Gandía, Italian son of Pope Alexander VI (b. 1474) *1516 – John III of Navarre (b. 1469) *1544 – Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489) *1548 – Carpentras (composer), Carpentras, French composer (b. 1470) *1583 – Shibata Katsuie, Japanese samurai (b. 1522) *1594 – Jacob Kroger, German goldsmith, hanged in Edinburgh for stealing the jewels of Anne of Denmark. * 1594 – Orlande de Lassus, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1532)


1601–1900

*1662 – Henry Vane the Younger, English-American politician, Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1613) *1674 – Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French author and poet (b. 1600) *1679 – Guillaume Courtois, French painter and illustrator (b. 1628) *1746 – Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (b. 1698) *1794 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English courtier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1718) * 1800 – Louis Desaix, French general (b. 1768) * 1800 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (b. 1753) * 1801 – Benedict Arnold, American general during the American Revolution later turned British spy (b. 1741) *1825 – Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. (b. 1754) *1837 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (b. 1798) * 1864 – Leonidas Polk, American general and bishop (b. 1806) * 1877 – Mary Carpenter, English educational and social reformer (b. 1807) *1883 – Edward FitzGerald (poet), Edward FitzGerald, English poet and author (b. 1809) *1886 – Alexander Ostrovsky, Russian director and playwright (b. 1823) * 1898 – Dewitt Clinton Senter, American politician, 18th Governor of Tennessee (b. 1830)


1901–present

* 1907 – William Le Baron Jenney, American architect and engineer, designed the Home Insurance Building (b. 1832) * 1907 – Bartolomé Masó, Cuban soldier and politician (b. 1830) *1908 – Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, English captain and politician, 6th Governor General of Canada (b. 1841) *1914 – Adlai Stevenson I, American lawyer and politician, 23rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1835) * 1916 – João Simões Lopes Neto, Brazilian author (b. 1865) *1920 – Max Weber, German sociologist and economist (b. 1864) * 1923 – Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838) * 1926 – Mary Cassatt, American-French painter (b. 1843) *1927 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (b. 1894) * 1927 – Jerome K. Jerome, English author (b. 1859) * 1928 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English activist and academic (b. 1857) *1932 – Dorimène Roy Desjardins, Canadian businesswoman, co-founded Desjardins Group (b. 1858) * 1933 – Justinien de Clary, French target shooter (b. 1860) * 1936 – G. K. Chesterton, English essayist, poet, playwright, and novelist (b. 1874) * 1936 – Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter, and designer, designed the IG Farben Building (b. 1869) *1946 – John Logie Baird, Scottish-English physicist and engineer (b. 1888) * 1946 – Jorge Ubico, 21st President of Guatemala (b. 1878) *1953 – Tom Cole (racing driver), Tom Cole, Welsh-American racing driver (b. 1922) *1968 – Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian novelist and poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1901) *1971 – Carlos P. Garcia, 8th President of the Republic of the Philippines (b. 1896) * 1972 – Dündar Taşer, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1925) *1977 – Robert Middleton, American actor (b. 1911) * 1977 – Alan Reed, American actor, original voice of Fred Flintstone (b.1907) *1979 – Ahmad Zahir, Afghan singer-songwriter (b. 1946) *1980 – Charles Miller (musician), Charles Miller, American saxophonist and flute player (b. 1939) * 1986 – Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator (b. 1899) * 1986 – Alan Jay Lerner, American composer and songwriter (b. 1918) *1987 – Stanisław Bareja, Polish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929) *1990 – Erna Berger, German soprano and actress (b. 1900) *1991 – Peggy Ashcroft, English actress (b. 1907) * 1994 – Lionel Grigson, English pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1942) * 1994 – Henry Mancini, American composer and conductor (b. 1924) * 1994 – Marcel Mouloudji, French singer and actor (b. 1922) *1995 – Els Aarne, Ukrainian-Estonian pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1917) * 1995 – Rory Gallagher, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1948) * 1995 – Roger Zelazny, American author and poet (b. 1937) *1996 – Noemí Gerstein, Argentinian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1908) *1997 – Richard Jaeckel, American actor (b. 1926) *1999 – Bernie Faloney, American-Canadian football player and sportscaster (b. 1932) *2000 – Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and author (b. 1911) * 2002 – June Jordan, American author and activist (b. 1936) *2003 – Dale Whittington, American race car driver (b. 1959) *2004 – Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountaineer and guide (b. 1900) *2005 – Carlo Maria Giulini, Italian conductor and director (b. 1914) * 2005 – Mimi Parent, Canadian-Swiss painter (b. 1924) *2006 – Monty Berman, English director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1905) * 2006 – Jean Roba, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1930) *2007 – Ruth Graham, Chinese-American author, poet, and painter (b. 1920) * 2007 – Robin Olds, American general and pilot (b. 1922) * 2007 – Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Austrian politician, 9th President of Austria (b. 1918) *2009 – Bob Bogle, American musician (b. 1934) * 2009 – William McIntyre (judge), William McIntyre, Canadian soldier, lawyer, and judge (b. 1918) *2012 – Peter Archer, Baron Archer of Sandwell, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales (b. 1926) * 2012 – Bob Chappuis, American football player and soldier (b. 1923) * 2012 – Margie Hyams, American pianist and vibraphone player (b. 1920) * 2012 – Karl-Heinz Kämmerling, German pianist and academic (b. 1930) * 2012 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (b. 1945) * 2012 – Gitta Sereny, Austrian-English historian, journalist, and author (b. 1921) *2013 – Elroy Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923) * 2014 – Alberto Cañas Escalante, Costa Rican journalist and politician (b. 1920) * 2014 – Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French actress (b. 1935) * 2014 – Robert Lebeck, German photographer and journalist (b. 1929) * 2014 – James E. Rogers (attorney), James E. Rogers, American lawyer, businessman, and academic (b. 1938) *2015 – Richard Cotton (geneticist), Richard Cotton, Australian geneticist and academic (b. 1940) * 2015 – Anne Nicol Gaylor, American activist, co-founded the Freedom From Religion Foundation (b. 1926) * 2015 – Qiao Shi, Chinese politician (b. 1924) *2016 – Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress and singer (b. 1928) * 2016 – Gilles Lamontagne, Canadian politician, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1919) *2020 – Sushant Singh Rajput, Indian film actor (b. 1986) *2022 – A. B. Yehoshua, Israeli novelist, essayist, and playwright (b. 1936)


Holidays and observances

*Christian feast day: **Burchard of Meissen **Caomhán of Inisheer **Elisha (Roman Catholic and Lutheran) **Fortunatus of Naples (Roman Catholic) **Blessed Nhá Chica, Francisca de Paula de Jesus (Nhá Chica) **Joseph the Hymnographer (Roman Catholic: Orthodox April 3#Holidays and observances, April 3) **Methodios I of Constantinople **Quintian of Rodez (Rodez) **Richard Baxter (Calendar of saints (Church of England), Church of England) **Valerius and Rufinus **June 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Commemoration of the June deportation, Soviet Deportation related observances: **Baltic Freedom Day (United States) **Commemoration Day for the Victims of Communist Genocide (
Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
) **Mourning and Commemoration Day or ''Leinapäev'' (
Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...
) **Mourning and Hope Day (
Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
) *Day of Memory for Repressed People (Armenia) *Flag Day (United States) *Freedom Day (Malawi) *Liberation Day (Falkland Islands), Liberation Day (Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands) *World Blood Donor Day


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:June 14 Days of the year June