100 or one hundred (

Roman numeral Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, ea ...

: C) is the

natural number In mathematics, the natural numbers are those numbers used for counting (as in "there are ''six'' coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the ''third'' largest city in the country"). Numbers used for counting are called ''cardinal ...

following 99 and preceding 101. In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

and Germanic use of "hundred" to describe the

long hundred The long hundred, also known as the great hundred or twelfty, is the number 120 (in base-10 Arabic numerals) that was referred to as "hundred" in Germanic languages prior to the 15th century, and is now known as one hundred twenty, or six score. ...

of six score or

120 120 may refer to: *120 (number), the number * AD 120, a year in the 2nd century AD *120 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC *120 film, a film format for still photography * ''120'' (film), a 2008 film * 120 (MBTA bus) * 120 (New Jersey bus) * 120 (Ken ...

In mathematics

100 is the square of 10 (in

scientific notation Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small (usually would result in a long string of digits) to be conveniently written in decimal form. It may be referred to as scientific form or standard index form, o ...

it is written as 10²). The standard SI prefix for a hundred is " hecto-". 100 is the basis of percentages (''per cent'' meaning "per hundred" in Latin), with 100% being a full amount. 100 is a Harshad number in decimal, and also in base-four, a base in-which it is also a

self-descriptive number In mathematics, a self-descriptive number is an integer ''m'' that in a given base ''b'' is ''b'' digits long in which each digit ''d'' at position ''n'' (the most significant digit being at position 0 and the least significant at position ''b'' ...

. 100 is the sum of the first nine

prime number A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...

s, from 2 through 23. It is also divisible by the number of primes below it, 25. 100 cannot be expressed as the difference between any integer and the total of

coprime In mathematics, two integers and are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor of both of them is 1. Consequently, any prime number that divides does not divide , and vice versa. This is equivale ...

s below it, making it a

noncototient In mathematics, a noncototient is a positive integer ''n'' that cannot be expressed as the difference between a positive integer ''m'' and the number of coprime integers below it. That is, ''m'' − φ(''m'') = ''n'', where � ...

. 100 has a reduced totient of 20, and an

Euler totient In number theory, Euler's totient function counts the positive integers up to a given integer that are relatively prime to . It is written using the Greek letter phi as \varphi(n) or \phi(n), and may also be called Euler's phi function. In o ...

of 40. A totient value of 100 is obtained from four numbers: 101,

125 125 may refer to: *125 (number), a natural number *AD 125, a year in the 2nd century AD *125 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC *125 (dinghy) *125 (New Jersey bus) See also * 12/5 (disambiguation) 12/5 may refer to: *December 5 in month/day date nota ...

202 Year 202 ( CCII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Antoninus (or, less frequently, year 955 '' Ab urbe condi ...

, and

250 __NOTOC__ Year 250 (Roman numerals, CCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Traianus and Gratus (or, less frequently, y ...

. 100 can be expressed as a sum of some of its divisors, making it a

semiperfect number In number theory, a semiperfect number or pseudoperfect number is a natural number ''n'' that is equal to the sum of all or some of its proper divisors. A semiperfect number that is equal to the sum of all its proper divisors is a perfect number. ...

. The geometric mean of its nine divisors is 10. 100 is the sum of the

cubes In geometry, a cube is a three-dimensional space, three-dimensional solid object bounded by six square (geometry), square faces, Facet (geometry), facets or sides, with three meeting at each vertex (geometry), vertex. Viewed from a corner it i ...

of the first four positive

integers An integer is the number zero (), a positive natural number (, , , etc.) or a negative integer with a minus sign ( −1, −2, −3, etc.). The negative numbers are the additive inverses of the corresponding positive numbers. In the language ...

(100 = 1³ + 2³ + 3³ + 4³). This is related by Nicomachus's theorem to the fact that 100 also equals the square of the sum of the first four positive integers: . 100 = 2⁶ + 6², thus 100 is the seventh

Leyland number In number theory, a Leyland number is a number of the form :x^y + y^x where ''x'' and ''y'' are integers greater than 1. They are named after the mathematician Paul Leyland. The first few Leyland numbers are : 8, 17, 32, 54, 57, 100, 145, 177, ...

. 100 is also the seventeenth

Erdős–Woods number In number theory, a positive integer is said to be an Erdős–Woods number if it has the following property: there exists a positive integer such that in the sequence of consecutive integers, each of the elements has a non-trivial common factor ...

, and the fourth 18- gonal number. There are exactly 100 prime numbers in base-ten whose digits are in strictly ascending order (e.g. 239, 2357 etc.). The last such prime number is 23456789, which contains eight consecutive

integer An integer is the number zero (), a positive natural number (, , , etc.) or a negative integer with a minus sign ( −1, −2, −3, etc.). The negative numbers are the additive inverses of the corresponding positive numbers. In the languag ...

s as digits.

In science

One hundred is the atomic number of

fermium Fermium is a synthetic element with the symbol Fm and atomic number 100. It is an actinide and the heaviest element that can be formed by neutron bombardment of lighter elements, and hence the last element that can be prepared in macroscopic qua ...

, an actinide and the last of the heavy metals that can be created through neutron bombardment. On the Celsius scale, 100 degrees is the boiling temperature of pure water at sea level. The Kármán line lies at an altitude of 100 kilometres above the Earth's sea level and is commonly used to define the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space.

In religion

*There are 100 blasts of the Shofar heard in the service of Rosh Hashana, the Jewish New Year. *A religious Jew is expected to utter at least 100 blessings daily. *In the Hinduism, Hindu epic of the Mahabharata, the king Dhritarashtra had 100 sons known as the Kauravas.

In politics

* The Hundred (county division) is a largely historical division of a county or similar larger administrative unit. * The United States Senate has 100 United States Senate, Senators.

In money

Most of the world's currency, currencies are divided into 100 subunits; for example, one euro is one hundred cents and one pound sterling is one hundred pence. By specification, 100 euro notes feature a picture of a Rococo gateway on the obverse and a Baroque bridge on the reverse. New100front

The United States one-hundred-dollar bill, U.S. hundred-dollar bill has Benjamin Franklin's portrait; the "Benjamin" is the largest U.S. bill in print. American savings bonds of $100 have Thomas Jefferson's portrait, while American $100 treasury bonds have Andrew Jackson's portrait.

In other fields

One hundred is also: * The number of years in a century. * The number of centimeters in a meter. * The number of pounds in an American short hundredweight. * In Greece, India, Israel and Nepal, 100 is the police telephone number. * In Belgium, 100 is the ambulance and firefighter telephone number. * In United Kingdom, 100 is the Switchboard operator, operator telephone number. * The List of HTTP status codes, HTTP status code indicating that the client should continue with its request. * The age at which a person becomes a centenarian.

In sports

* The number of yards in an American football field (not including the end zones). * The number of points required for a snooker player to score a century break, a significant milestone. * The record number of points scored in one National Basketball Association, NBA Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game, game by a single player, set by Wilt Chamberlain of the Golden State Warriors, Philadelphia Warriors on March 2, 1962. * The 100-yard dash and the 100-metre dash are sprint track events. * The 100-kilometre walk is a racewalking event. * The Hundred (cricket), a 100-ball cricket competition.

References

* Wells, D. ''The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:100 (Number) Integers 100 (number),