Xi Cephei (ξ Cephei, abbreviated Xi Cep, ξ Cep) is a

multiple star system A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a ''star cluster'' or ''galaxy'', although, broadly speaking ...

in the constellation of Cepheus. It is approximately 86

light-year A light-year, alternatively spelled light year, is a large unit of length used to express astronomical distances and is equivalent to about 9.46 trillion kilometers (), or 5.88 trillion miles ().One trillion here is taken to be 101 ...

s from

Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surf ...

. It consists of two

binary star A binary star is a system of two stars that are gravitationally bound to and in orbit around each other. Binary stars in the night sky that are seen as a single object to the naked eye are often resolved using a telescope as separate stars, in ...

s, designated Xi Cephei A and B, together with a more distant companion, Xi Cephei C. A's two components are themselves designated Xi Cephei Aa (officially named Kurhah , the traditional name of the system) and Ab.

Nomenclature

''ξ Cephei'' ( Latinised to ''Xi Cephei'') is the system's

Bayer designation A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1,564 stars. T ...

. The designations of the three constituents as ''ξ Cephei A'', ''B'' and ''C'', and those of ''A's'' components - ''ξ Cephei Aa'' and ''Ab'' - derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for

s, and adopted by the

International Astronomical Union The International Astronomical Union (IAU; french: link=yes, Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is a nongovernmental organisation with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach ...

(IAU). Xi Cephei bore the traditional names ''Kurhah'', ''Alkirdah'' or ''Al Kirduh'', the name coming from Qazvini who gave ''Al Ḳurḥaḥ'' (''القرحة'' ''al-qurhah''), an

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walte ...

word Ideler translated as a white spot, or blaze, in the face of a horse. Allen indicates that Ideler felt this was not a proper name for a star, and suggested the name ''Al Ḳirdah'' (ألقردة ''al qírada'' "the Ape"). In 2016, the

organized a

Working Group on Star Names The International Astronomical Union (IAU) established a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) in May 2016 to catalog and standardize List of proper names of stars, proper names for stars for the international astronomical community. It operates under ...

(WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems. It approved the name ''Kurhah'' for the component Xi Cephei Aa on 12 September 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names. In

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of v ...

, (), meaning '' Celestial Hook'', refers to an asterism consisting of Xi Cephei,

4 Cephei 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. In mathematics Four is the smallest c ...

, HD 194298,

Eta Cephei Eta Cephei (η Cep, η Cephei) is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Cepheus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 3.4, this is a third magnitude star that, according to the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, is readily visible to ...

, Theta Cephei,

Alpha Cephei Alpha Cephei (α Cephei, abbreviated Alpha Cep, α Cep), officially named Alderamin , is a second magnitude star in the constellation of Cepheus near the northern pole. The star is relatively close to Earth at 49 light years (''ly''). ...

26 Cephei 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...

Iota Cephei Iota Cephei (ι Cephei, ι Cep) is a star in the northern constellation Cepheus. Based upon an annual parallax shift of as seen from the Earth, it is located about from the Sun. The star is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visu ...

and

Omicron Cephei Omicron Cephei, Latinized from ο Cephei, is a binary star in the constellation of Cepheus. It consists of a less massive F-type main sequence star in orbit with a more massive G-type giant star. The overall apparent visu ...

. Consequently, the

Chinese name Chinese names or Chinese personal names are names used by individuals from Greater China and other parts of the Chinese-speaking world throughout East and Southeast Asia (ESEA). In addition, many names used in Japan, Korea and Vietnam are oft ...

for Xi Cephei itself is (, en, the Sixth Star of Celestial Hook).香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表
, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.

Properties

Xi Cephei A is a double-lined spectroscopic binary system with an

orbital period The orbital period (also revolution period) is the amount of time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object. In astronomy, it usually applies to planets or asteroids orbiting the Sun, moons orbiting planets ...

of 810.9 days and an

eccentricity Eccentricity or eccentric may refer to: * Eccentricity (behavior), odd behavior on the part of a person, as opposed to being "normal" Mathematics, science and technology Mathematics * Off- center, in geometry * Eccentricity (graph theory) of a ...

of 0.46. The primary, component Aa, is a

chemically peculiar In astrophysics, chemically peculiar stars (CP stars) are stars with distinctly unusual metal abundances, at least in their surface layers. Classification Chemically peculiar stars are common among hot main-sequence (hydrogen-burning) stars. Thes ...

Am star An Am star or metallic-line star is a type of chemically peculiar star of spectral type A whose spectrum has strong and often variable absorption lines of metals such as zinc, strontium, zirconium, and barium, and deficiencies of others, such as c ...

, a probable

subgiant A subgiant is a star that is brighter than a normal main-sequence star of the same spectral class, but not as bright as giant stars. The term subgiant is applied both to a particular spectral luminosity class and to a stage in the evolution ...

with an

apparent magnitude Apparent magnitude () is a measure of the brightness of a star or other astronomical object observed from Earth. An object's apparent magnitude depends on its intrinsic luminosity, its distance from Earth, and any extinction of the object's li ...

of +4.29. Eight

arcsecond A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc, denoted by the symbol , is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree. Since one degree is of a turn (or complete rotation), one minute of arc is of a turn. The na ...

s away, Xi Cephei B is another spectroscopic binary. Xi Cephei C is a 13th magnitude star nearly two

arcminute A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc, denoted by the symbol , is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree. Since one degree is of a turn (or complete rotation), one minute of arc is of a turn. The na ...

s away.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Xi Cephei Cepheus (constellation) Cephei, Xi A-type main-sequence stars

Libertas Libertas (Latin for 'liberty' or 'freedom', ) is the Roman goddess and personification of liberty. She became a politicised figure in the Late Republic, featured on coins supporting the populares faction, and later those of the assassins of ...

Cephei, 17 209790 1 108917 BD+63 1802 8417 Spectroscopic binaries Am stars F-type main-sequence stars F-type subgiants