Shmuel Friedland (; born 1944 in

Tashkent Tashkent (), also known as Toshkent, is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uzbekistan, largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of more than 3 million people as of April 1, 2024. I ...

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (, ), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, UzSSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a Republics of the Soviet Union, union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Communist ...

) is an Israeli-American mathematician. Friedland studied at the

Technion – Israel Institute of Technology The Technion – Israel Institute of Technology is a public university, public research university located in Haifa, Israel. Established in 1912 by Jews under the dominion of the Ottoman Empire, the Technion is the oldest university in the coun ...

, graduating in 1967 with

bachelor's degree A bachelor's degree (from Medieval Latin ''baccalaureus'') or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin ''baccalaureatus'') is an undergraduate degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years ...

and in 1971 with doctorate of science under the supervision of Binjamin Schwarz. As a postdoc Friedland was in 1972/73 at the

Weizmann Institute The Weizmann Institute of Science ( ''Machon Weizmann LeMada'') is a Public university, public research university in Rehovot, Israel, established in 1934, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded. Unlike other List of Israeli uni ...

, in 1973/74 at

Stanford University Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth ...

, and in 1974/75 at the

Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent scholars, including Albert Ein ...

. Then he taught at the

Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI; ) is an Israeli public university, public research university based in Jerusalem. Co-founded by Albert Einstein and Chaim Weizmann in July 1918, the public university officially opened on 1 April 1925. ...

, where he became in 1982 a full professor. In 1985 he became a professor at the

University of Illinois at Chicago The University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) is a public research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its campus is in the Near West Side community area, adjacent to the Chicago Loop. The second campus established under the Universi ...

. Besides linear algebra (matrix theory), Friedland does research on a wide variety of mathematics, including

complex dynamics Complex dynamics, or holomorphic dynamics, is the study of dynamical systems obtained by Iterated function, iterating a complex analytic mapping. This article focuses on the case of algebraic dynamics, where a polynomial or rational function is it ...

and applied mathematics. With Elizabeth Gross, he proved a set-theoretic version of the ''salmon conjecture'' posed by Elizabeth S. Allman. With

Miroslav Fiedler Miroslav Fiedler (7 April 1926 – 20 November 2015) was a Czech mathematician known for his contributions to linear algebra, graph theory and algebraic graph theory. His article, "Algebraic Connectivity of Graphs", published in the ''Czechoslova ...

and

Israel Gohberg Israel Gohberg (; ; 23 August 1928 – 12 October 2009) was a Bessarabian-born Soviet and Israeli mathematician, most known for his work in operator theory and functional analysis, in particular linear operators and integral equations. Biograph ...

, Friedland shared in the first Hans Schneider Prize, awarded by the

International Linear Algebra Society The International Linear Algebra Society (ILAS) is a professional mathematical society organized to promote research and education in linear algebra, matrix theory and matrix computation. It serves the international community through conferences ...

in 1993. He was elected a Fellow of the

American Mathematical Society The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, ...

(Class of 2019). Also, he was selected as a 2021

SIAM Fellow The SIAM Fellowship is an award and fellowship that recognizes outstanding members of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). The goal of the program is to: *honor SIAM members who are recognized by their peers as distinguishe ...

, "for deep and varied contributions to mathematics, especially linear algebra, matrix theory, and matrix computations".

Selected publications

* "Nonoscillation and integral inequalities", ''Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.'', vol. 80, 1974, pp. 715–717. * with

Samuel Karlin Samuel Karlin (June 8, 1924 – December 18, 2007) was an American mathematician at Stanford University in the late 20th century. Education and career Karlin was born in Janów, Poland and immigrated to Chicago as a child. Raised in an Orthodo ...

"Some inequalities for the spectral radius of nonnegative matrices and applications"
''Duke Mathematical Journal'', vol. 42, 1975, pp. 459–490.
''Nonoscillation, disconjugacy and integral inequalities''
Memoirs Amer. Math. Soc. 176, 1976 * with Walter K. Hayman: "Eigenvalue inequalities for the Dirichlet problem on spheres and the growth of subharmonic functions", ''Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici'' 51, no. 1 (1976): 133–161. * "On an inverse problem for nonnegative and eventually nonnegative matrices", ''

Israel Journal of Mathematics '' Israel Journal of Mathematics'' is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal published by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem ( Magnes Press). History Founded in 1963, as a continuation of the ''Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel'' (Section ...

'', vol. 29, no. 1, 1978, 43–60. * "A lower bound for the permanent of doubly stochastic matrices", ''Annals of Mathematics'', vol. 110, 1979, pp. 167–176. * with Nimrod Moiseyev: "Association of resonance states with the incomplete spectrum of finite complex-scaled Hamiltonian matrices", ''Physical Review A'', vol. 22, no. 2, 1980, 618–624. * "Convex spectral functions", ''Linear and Multilinear Algebra'', vol. 9, no. 4, 1981, 299–316. * with Carl R. de Boor and Allan Pincus
"Inverses of infinite sign regular matrices"
''Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.'', vol. 274, 1982, pp. 59–68. * "Simultaneous similarity of matrices", ''Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.'', vol. 8, 1983, pp. 93–95. * "Simultaneous similarity of matrices", ''

Advances in Mathematics ''Advances in Mathematics'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on pure mathematics. It was established in 1961 by Gian-Carlo Rota. The journal publishes 18 issues each year, in three volumes. At the origin, the journal aimed ...

'', vol. 50, 1983, pp. 189–265. * with Joel W. Robbin and John H. Sylvester: "On the crossing rule", ''Communications in Pure and Applied Mathematics'', vol. 37, 1984, pp. 19–37. * with

Noga Alon Noga Alon (; born 1956) is an Israeli mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Princeton University noted for his contributions to combinatorics and theoretical computer science, having authored hundreds of papers. Education and career ...

and

Gil Kalai Gil Kalai (; born 1955) is an Israeli mathematician and computer scientist. He is the Henry and Manya Noskwith Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, professor of computer science at the Interdisciplinary Center ...

: "Regular subgraphs of almost regular graphs", ''Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B'', vol. 37, no. 1, 1984, 79–91. * with John Willard Milnor: "Dynamical properties of plane polynomial automorphisms", ''Journal of Ergodic Theory & Dynamical Systems'', vol. 9, 1989, pp. 67–99. * "Entropy of polynomial and rational maps", ''Annals of Mathematics'', vol. 133, 1991, pp. 359–368. * with Sa'ar Hersonsky
"Jorgensen's inequality for discrete groups in normed algebras"
''Duke Mathematical Journal'', vol. 69, 1993, pp. 593–614. * with Vlad Gheorghiu and Gilad Gour: "Universal uncertainty relations", ''Physical Review Letters'', vol. 111, 2013, p. 230401 * with Stéphane Gaubert and Lixing Han: "Perron–Frobenius theorem for nonnegative multilinear forms and extensions", ''Linear Algebra and its Applications'', vol. 438, no. 2, 2013, pp. 738–749. *with Giorgio Ottaviani: "The number of singular vector tuples and uniqueness of best rank one approximation of tensors", ''Foundations of Computational Mathematics'', vol. 14, 2014, pp. 1209–1242.
Matrices: ''Algebra, Analysis and Applications''
World Scientific 2015 * with

Lek-Heng Lim Lek-Heng Lim () is a Singaporean mathematician. Lim earned a bachelor's degree at the National University of Singapore, studied for his master's at Cornell University and the University of Cambridge, and completed a doctorate at Stanford University ...

: "The computational complexity of duality", ''SIAM Journal on Optimization'', vol. 26, no. 4, 2016, 2378–2393. * with Jinjie Zhang and Lek-Heng Lim
"Grothendieck constant is norm of Strassen matrix multiplication tensor"
''arXiv'' preprint arXiv:1711.04427, 2017. (See

Grothendieck inequality In mathematics, the Grothendieck inequality states that there is a universal constant K_G with the following property. If ''M'ij'' is an ''n'' × ''n'' (real number, real or complex number, complex) matrix (mathematics), matrix with : \ ...

.) * with Mohsen Aliabadi
''Linear Algebra and Matrices''
SIAM 2018 * with Mohsen Aliabadi
''Analysis and Probability on Graphs''
De Gruyter, 2025

References

External links

Interview of Shmuel Friedland by Lek-Heng Lim
for IMAGE, The Bulletin of the International Linear Algebra Society, Fall 2017 {{DEFAULTSORT:Friedland, Shmuel Technion – Israel Institute of Technology alumni Academic staff of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem University of Illinois Chicago faculty Israeli mathematicians American mathematicians Fellows of the American Mathematical Society Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics 1944 births Living people