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Pre-1600

*
AD 81 A.D. 81 ( LXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silva and Pollio (or, less frequently, year 834 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination A.D. 81 for this ye ...
Domitian Domitian ( ; ; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was Roman emperor from 81 to 96. The son of Vespasian and the younger brother of Titus, his two predecessors on the throne, he was the last member of the Flavian dynasty. Described as "a r ...
became Emperor of the
Roman Empire The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ...
upon the death of his brother
Titus Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September AD 81) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death, becoming the first Roman emperor ever to succeed h ...
. * 786 – "Night of the three Caliphs":
Harun al-Rashid Abū Jaʿfar Hārūn ibn Muḥammad ar-Rāshīd (), or simply Hārūn ibn al-Mahdī (; or 766 – 24 March 809), famously known as Hārūn al-Rāshīd (), was the fifth Abbasid caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, reigning from September 786 unti ...
becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi. Birth of Harun's son
al-Ma'mun Abū al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Hārūn al-Maʾmūn (; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name al-Ma'mun (), was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833. His leadership was marked by t ...
. * 919Battle of Islandbridge: High King Niall Glúndub is killed while leading an Irish coalition against the Vikings of Uí Ímair, led by King Sitric Cáech. * 1180
Genpei War The was a national civil war between the Taira clan, Taira and Minamoto clan, Minamoto clans during the late Heian period of Japan. It resulted in the downfall of the Taira and the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate under Minamoto no Yori ...
: In the Battle of Ishibashiyama in Japan, the new military commander of the
Minamoto clan was a Aristocracy (class), noble surname bestowed by the Emperors of Japan upon members of the Imperial House of Japan, imperial family who were excluded from the List of emperors of Japan, line of succession and demoted into the ranks of Nobili ...
,
Minamoto no Yoritomo was the founder and the first shogun of the Kamakura shogunate, ruling from 1192 until 1199, also the first ruling shogun in the history of Japan.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Minamoto no Yoriie" in . He was the husband of Hōjō Masako ...
, is routed by Ōba Kagechika of the
Taira clan The was one of the four most important Japanese clans, clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period, Heian period of History of Japan, Japanese history – the others being the Minamoto clan, Minamoto, the Fujiwara clan, Fuji ...
. * 1226 – The first recorded instance of the
Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
practice of perpetual Eucharistic adoration formally begins in Avignon, France. * 1402Battle of Homildon Hill: An invading Scottish army under Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany and Archibald, Earl Douglas is decimated by a contingent of 500 English archers under the command of George, Earl of March and Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland.


1601–1900

* 1607
Flight of the Earls On 14 September ld Style and New Style dates, O.S. 4 September1607, Irish earls Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, permanently departed Rathmullan in Ireland for mainland Europe, accompanied by their fa ...
from Lough Swilly, Donegal,
Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...
. *
1682 Events January–March * January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months. * January 12 – Scottish minister James Ren ...
Bishop Gore School, one of the oldest schools in
Wales Wales ( ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the England–Wales border, east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic ...
, is founded. * 1685
Morean War The Morean war (), also known as the Sixth Ottoman–Venetian War, was fought between 1684–1699 as part of the wider conflict known as the "Great Turkish War", between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. Military operations ranged ...
: the Battle of Kalamata ends in a Venetian victory over the forces of the Ottoman Empire under the
Kapudan Pasha The Kapudan Pasha (, modern Turkish: ), also known as the (, modern: , "Captain of the Sea") was the grand admiral of the Ottoman Navy. Typically, he was based at Galata and Gallipoli during the winter and charged with annual sailings durin ...
. * 1723 – Grand Master António Manoel de Vilhena lays down the first stone of Fort Manoel in
Malta Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and North Africa. It consists of an archipelago south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya. The two ...
. *
1741 Events January–March * January 13 ** Lanesborough, Massachusetts is created as a township. ** Conventicle Act of 1741 is introduced in Denmark-Norway. *February 13 – Sir Robert Walpole, the Prime Minister of Great Britain ...
George Frideric Handel George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel ( ; baptised , ; 23 February 1685 – 14 April 1759) was a German-British Baroque composer well-known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, concerti grossi, and organ concerti. Born in Halle, Germany, H ...
completes his oratorio ''
Messiah In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias (; , ; , ; ) is a saviour or liberator of a group of people. The concepts of '' mashiach'', messianism, and of a Messianic Age originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible, in which a ''mashiach ...
''. * 1752 – The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2). * 1763Seneca warriors defeat British forces at the
Battle of Devil's Hole The Battle of Devil's Hole, known to the Anglo-Americans as the Devil's Hole Massacre, was fought near Niagara Gorge in present-day New York (state), New York state on September 14, 1763, between a detachment of the British 80th Regiment of Ligh ...
during Pontiac's War. *
1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris (financier), Robert Morris goes before the United States Con ...
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...
: Review of the French troops under General Rochambeau by General George Washington at Verplanck's Point, New York. * 1791 – The
Papal States The Papal States ( ; ; ), officially the State of the Church, were a conglomeration of territories on the Italian peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope from 756 to 1870. They were among the major states of Italy from the 8th c ...
lose
Avignon Avignon (, , ; or , ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of southeastern France. Located on the left bank of the river Rhône, the Communes of France, commune had a ...
to Revolutionary France. * 1808
Finnish War The Finnish War (; ; ) was fought between the Gustavian era, Kingdom of Sweden and the Russian Empire from 21 February 1808 to 17 September 1809 as part of the Napoleonic Wars. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established a ...
: Russians defeat the Swedes at the Battle of Oravais. * 1812
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: The French
Grande Armée The (; ) was the primary field army of the French Imperial Army (1804–1815), French Imperial Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Commanded by Napoleon, from 1804 to 1808 it won a series of military victories that allowed the First French Empi ...
enters Moscow. The Fire of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city. *
1814 Events January * January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine. * January 3 ** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French gar ...
Battle of Baltimore: The poem ''Defence of Fort McHenry'' is written by Francis Scott Key. The poem is later used as the lyrics of
The Star-Spangled Banner "The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States. The lyrics come from the "Defence of Fort M'Henry", a poem written by American lawyer Francis Scott Key on September 14, 1814, after he witnessed the bombardment of Fort ...
. *
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's '' Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * Marc ...
– The
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
signs the Treaty of Adrianople with Russia, thus ending the Russo-Turkish War. *
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway's bridge, over the Venetian Lagoon betwee ...
Jang Bahadur and his brothers
massacre A massacre is an event of killing people who are not engaged in hostilities or are defenseless. It is generally used to describe a targeted killing of civilians Glossary of French words and expressions in English#En masse, en masse by an armed ...
about 40 members of the Nepalese palace court. *
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...
: The
Battle of South Mountain The Battle of South Mountain, known in several early Southern United States, Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap, was fought on September 14, 1862, as part of the Maryland campaign of the American Civil War. Three pitched battles ...
, part of the
Maryland Campaign The Maryland campaign (or Antietam campaign) occurred September 4–20, 1862, during the American Civil War. The campaign was Confederate States Army, Confederate General (CSA), General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the Northern United Stat ...
, is fought.


1901–present

* 1901 – U.S. President
William McKinley William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until Assassination of William McKinley, his assassination in 1901. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Repub ...
dies after being mortally wounded on September 6 by anarchist
Leon Czolgosz Leon Frank Czolgosz ( ; ; May 5, 1873 – October 29, 1901) was an American wireworker and Anarchism, anarchist who assassination of William McKinley, assassinated President of the United States, United States president William McKinley on Septe ...
and is succeeded by Vice President
Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), also known as Teddy or T.R., was the 26th president of the United States, serving from 1901 to 1909. Roosevelt previously was involved in New York (state), New York politics, incl ...
. *
1911 Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia. * January 3 ** 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 m ...
– Russian Premier Pyotr Stolypin is shot by Dmitry Bogrov while attending a performance of Rimsky-Korsakov's ''The Tale of Tsar Saltan'' at the Kiev Opera House, in the presence of Tsar Nicholas II. *
1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as the First World War, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip ...
– , the
Royal Australian Navy The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is the navy, naval branch of the Australian Defence Force (ADF). The professional head of the RAN is Chief of Navy (Australia), Chief of Navy (CN) Vice admiral (Australia), Vice Admiral Mark Hammond (admiral), Ma ...
's first submarine, is lost at sea with all hands near
East New Britain East New Britain is a Provinces of Papua New Guinea, province of Papua New Guinea, consisting of the north-eastern part of the island of New Britain and the Duke of York Islands. The capital of the province is Kokopo, not far from the old capital ...
,
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...
. *
1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– The
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
is formally replaced by the
Russian Republic The Russian Republic,. referred to as the Russian Democratic Federative Republic in the 1918 Constitution, was a short-lived state which controlled, ''de jure'', the territory of the former Russian Empire after its proclamation by the Rus ...
. *
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House. * January 28 – Death and state funer ...
Raoul Villain, who assassinated the French Socialist Jean Jaurès, is himself killed by Spanish Republicans in
Ibiza Ibiza (; ; ; #Names and pronunciation, see below) or Iviza is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. It is the third largest of th ...
. *
1939 This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: The Estonian military boards the Polish submarine in
Tallinn Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ...
, sparking a diplomatic incident that the Soviet Union will later use to justify the annexation of Estonia. *
1940 A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280. Events Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January *Janu ...
Ip massacre: The Hungarian Army, supported by local Hungarians, kill 158
Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
n civilians in Ip, Sălaj, a village in
Northern Transylvania Northern Transylvania (, ) was the region of the Kingdom of Romania that during World War II, as a consequence of the August 1940 territorial agreement known as the Second Vienna Award, became part of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920-1946), Kingdom ...
, an act of
ethnic cleansing Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous. Along with direct removal such as deportation or population transfer, it ...
. *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 � ...
– World War II: The
Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmac ...
starts a three-day retaliatory operation targeting several Greek villages in the region of Viannos, whose death toll would eventually exceed 500 persons. *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
– World War II:
Maastricht Maastricht ( , , ; ; ; ) is a city and a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southeastern Netherlands. It is the capital city, capital and largest city of the province of Limburg (Netherlands), Limburg. Maastricht is loca ...
becomes the first Dutch city to be liberated by allied forces. *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– The
Indian Army The Indian Army (IA) (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the Land warfare, land-based branch and largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Commander-in-Chief, Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and its professional head ...
captures the city of Aurangabad as part of Operation Polo. *
1954 Events January * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...
– In a top secret nuclear test, a Soviet Tu-4 bomber drops a 40
kiloton TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion. A ton of TNT equivalent is a unit of energy defined by convention to be (). It is the approximate energy released in the det ...
atomic weapon just north of Totskoye village. * 1958 – The first two German post-war rockets, designed by the German engineer Ernst Mohr, reach the upper atmosphere. * 1960 – The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (
OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC ) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize Profit (eco ...
) is founded. * 1960 –
Congo Crisis The Congo Crisis () was a period of Crisis, political upheaval and war, conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost ...
: Mobutu Sese Seko seizes power in a military coup, suspending parliament and the constitution. *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by
Pope Paul VI Pope Paul VI (born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding John XXII ...
. *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
Afghan leader Nur Muhammad Taraki is assassinated upon the order of Hafizullah Amin, who becomes the new General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party. * 1982 – President-elect of Lebanon Bachir Gemayel is assassinated. *
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeas ...
Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a gas balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean. *
1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a n ...
Penang Bridge, the longest bridge in Malaysia, connecting the island of
Penang Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. Th ...
to the mainland, opens to traffic. *
1989 1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...
– The Standard Gravure shooting where Joseph T. Wesbecker, a 47-year-old pressman, killed eight people and injured 12 people at his former workplace, Standard Gravure, before committing suicide. *
1992 1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General. * January 6 ** The Republ ...
– The Constitutional Court of
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...
declares the breakaway
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia The Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia () was an unrecognized geopolitical entity and quasi-state in Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was proclaimed on 18 November 1991 under the name Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bos ...
to be illegal. *
1993 The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as: * International Year for the World's Indigenous People The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
Lufthansa Flight 2904, an
Airbus A320 The Airbus A320 family is a series of narrow-body airliners developed and produced by Airbus. The A320 was launched in March 1984, Maiden flight, first flew on 22 February 1987, and was introduced in April 1988 by Air France. The first membe ...
, crashes into an embankment after overshooting the runway at Okęcie International Airport (now Warsaw Chopin Airport), killing two people. *
1994 The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations. In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
– The rest of the
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball league composed of 30 teams, divided equally between the National League (baseball), National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. MLB i ...
season A season is a division of the year based on changes in weather, ecology, and the number of daylight hours in a given region. On Earth, seasons are the result of the axial parallelism of Earth's axial tilt, tilted orbit around the Sun. In temperat ...
is canceled because of a strike. *
1997 Events January * January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States. * January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis. * January 1 ...
– Eighty-one killed as five bogies of the Ahmedabad–Howrah Express plunge into a river in Bilaspur district of
Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (; ; ) is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore, Indore. Other major cities includes Gwalior, Jabalpur, and Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, Sagar. Madhya Pradesh is the List of states and union te ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
. *
1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...
– Telecommunications companies
MCI Communications MCI Communications Corporation (originally Microwave Communications, Inc.) was an American telecommunications company headquartered in Washington, D.C. that was at one point the second-largest long-distance provider in the United States. ...
and
WorldCom MCI, Inc. (formerly WorldCom and MCI WorldCom) was a telecommunications company. For a time, it was the second-largest long-distance telephone company in the United States, after AT&T. WorldCom grew largely by acquiring other telecommunicatio ...
complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom. *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
Kiribati Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati, is an island country in the Micronesia subregion of Oceania in the central Pacific Ocean. Its permanent population is over 119,000 as of the 2020 census, and more than half live on Tarawa. The st ...
,
Nauru Nauru, officially the Republic of Nauru, formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country and microstate in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies within the Micronesia subregion of Oceania, with its nearest neighbour being Banaba (part of ...
and
Tonga Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania. The country has 171 islands, of which 45 are inhabited. Its total surface area is about , scattered over in the southern Pacific Ocean. accordin ...
join the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...
. *
2000 2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year. Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company, technology conglomerate headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Founded in 1975, the company became influential in the History of personal computers#The ear ...
releases
Windows Me Windows Me (Millennium Edition) is an operating system developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows 9x family of Microsoft Windows operating systems. It was the successor to Windows 98, and was released to manufacturing on June 19, 2000, and t ...
. *
2001 The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...
– Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the
September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks, also known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners, crashing the first two into ...
. A similar service is held in Canada on
Parliament Hill Parliament Hill (), colloquially known as The Hill, is an area of Crown land on the southern bank of the Ottawa River that houses the Parliament of Canada in downtown Ottawa, Ontario. It accommodates a suite of Gothic revival buildings whose ...
, the largest vigil ever held in the nation's capital. *
2002 The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
Total Linhas Aéreas Flight 5561 Total Linhas Aéreas Flight 5561 was a domestic cargo flight from São Paulo, Brazil to Londrina, Brazil that crashed near Paranapanema 47 minutes after take off on 14 September 2002. The crew of the ATR 42 regional turboprop lost control of the ...
crashes near Paranapanema, Brazil, killing both pilots on board. *
2003 2003 was designated by the United Nations as the International Year of Fresh water, Freshwater. In 2003, a Multi-National Force – Iraq, United States-led coalition 2003 invasion of Iraq, invaded Iraq, starting the Iraq War. Demographic ...
– In a referendum,
Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...
approves joining the
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...
. * 2003 – Bissau-Guinean President Kumba Ialá is ousted from power in a bloodless military coup led by General Veríssimo Correia Seabra. *
2007 2007 was designated as the International Heliophysical Year and the International Polar Year. Events January * January 1 **Bulgaria and Romania 2007 enlargement of the European Union, join the European Union, while Slovenia joins the Eur ...
– prelude to the
2008 financial crisis The 2008 financial crisis, also known as the global financial crisis (GFC), was a major worldwide financial crisis centered in the United States. The causes of the 2008 crisis included excessive speculation on housing values by both homeowners ...
: Northern Rock bank experiences the first
bank run A bank run or run on the bank occurs when many Client (business), clients withdraw their money from a bank, because they believe Bank failure, the bank may fail in the near future. In other words, it is when, in a fractional-reserve banking sys ...
in the United Kingdom in 150 years. *
2008 2008 was designated as: *International Year of Languages *International Year of Planet Earth *International Year of the Potato *International Year of Sanitation The Great Recession, a worldwide recession which began in 2007, continued throu ...
Aeroflot Flight 821, a Boeing 737-500, crashes into a section of the Trans-Siberian Railway while on approach to Perm International Airport, in
Perm, Russia Perm (, ; ; ), previously known as Yegoshikha, Yagoshikha (; 1723–1781) and Molotov (; 1940–1957), is the administrative centre of Perm Krai in the European part of Russia. It sits on the banks of the Kama River near the Ural Mountains, co ...
, killing all 88 people on board. *
2015 2015 was designated by the United Nations as: * International Year of Light * International Year of Soil __TOC__ Events January * January 1 – Lithuania officially adopts the euro as its currency, replacing the litas, and becomes ...
– The
first observation of gravitational waves The first direct observation of gravitational waves was made on 14 September 2015 and was announced by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations on 11 February 2016. Previously, gravitational waves had been inferred only indirectly, via their effect on t ...
is made, announced by the
LIGO The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a large-scale physics experiment and observatory designed to detect cosmic gravitational waves and to develop gravitational-wave observations as an astronomical tool. Prior to LIG ...
and
Virgo Virgo may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Virgo (film), a 1970 Egyptian film * Virgo (character), several Marvel Comics characters * Virgo Asmita, a character in the manga ''Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas'' * ''Virgo'' (album), by Virgo Four, ...
collaborations on 11 February 2016. *
2019 This was the year in which the first known human case of COVID-19 was documented, preceding COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic which was declared by the World Health Organization the following year. Up to that point, 2019 had been described as ...
Yemen's Houthi rebels claim responsibility for an attack on
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia. Located in the centre of the Middle East, it covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and has a land area of about , making it the List of Asian countries ...
n oil facilities. *
2022 The year began with another wave in the COVID-19 pandemic, with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, Omicron spreading rapidly and becoming the dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide. Tracking a decrease in cases and deaths, 2022 saw ...
Death of Queen Elizabeth II: The Queen's coffin is taken from
Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace () is a royal official residence, residence in London, and the administrative headquarters of the monarch of the United Kingdom. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is often at the centre of state occasions and r ...
, placed on a gun carriage of The King's Troop Royal Horse Artillery and moved in a procession to
Westminster Hall Westminster Hall is a medieval great hall which is part of the Palace of Westminster in London, England. It was erected in 1097 for William II (William Rufus), at which point it was the largest hall in Europe. The building has had various functio ...
for her lying in state over the next four days with the queue of mourners stretching for miles along the
River Thames The River Thames ( ), known alternatively in parts as the The Isis, River Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the Longest rivers of the United Kingdom, s ...
.


Births


Pre-1600

* 208Diadumenian, Roman emperor (died 218) * 768
Al-Ma'mun Abū al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Hārūn al-Maʾmūn (; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name al-Ma'mun (), was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833. His leadership was marked by t ...
, Abbasid caliph, 7th (died 833) * 938Sahib ibn Abbad, Persian scholar and statesman (died 995) * 953Guo Zongxun, Chinese emperor (died 973) * 1032Dao Zong, Chinese emperor (died 1101) * 1246John Fitzalan III, English nobleman (died 1272) * 1384Ephraim of Nea Makri, Greek martyr and saint (died 1426) * 1388Claudius Clavus, Danish geographer and cartographer (died 1438) * 1401Maria of Castile, Queen consort of Aragon and Naples (died 1458) * 1485Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Landgravine of Hesse (died 1525) *
1486 Year 1486 ( MCDLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday. Events January–December * January 18 – King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York are married, uniting the House of Lancaster and the House of York, after th ...
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, German theologian, astrologer, and alchemist (died 1535) * 1543
Claudio Acquaviva Claudio Acquaviva, SJ (14 September 1543 – 31 January 1615) was an Italian Jesuit priest. Elected in 1581 as the fifth Superior General of the Society of Jesus, he has been referred to as the second founder of the Jesuit order. Early life and ...
, Italian priest, 5th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (died 1615) *
1547 Year 1547 ( MDXLVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 8 – The first Lithuanian-language book, a ''Catechism'' (, Simple Words of Catechism), is published in Königsbe ...
Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch politician (died 1619) *
1580 1580 (Roman numerals, MDLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 31 – Portuguese succession crisis of 1580: The death of Henry, King of Portugal, with no direct heirs, leads ...
Francisco de Quevedo Francisco Gómez de Quevedo y Santibáñez Villegas, Order of Santiago, Knight of the Order of Santiago (; 14 September 1580 – 8 September 1645) was a Spanish nobleman, politician and writer of the Baroque era. Along with his lifelong rival, ...
, Spanish poet and politician (died 1645)


1601–1900

* 1618
Peter Lely Sir Peter Lely (14 September 1618 – 30 November 1680) was a painter of Dutch origin whose career was nearly all spent in England, where he became the dominant portrait painter to the court. He became a naturalised British subject and was kn ...
, Dutch-English painter (died 1680) * 1643Jeremiah Dummer, American silversmith (died 1718) * 1656Thomas Baker, English historian and author (died 1746) *
1713 Events January–March * January 17 – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore leads the Carolina militia out of Albemarle County, North Carolina, in a second offensive against the Tuscarora. Heavy snows force the troops to take ...
Johann Kies, German astronomer and mathematician (died 1781) * 1721Eliphalet Dyer, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (died 1807) * 1736Robert Raikes, English philanthropist, founded
Sunday school ] A Sunday school, sometimes known as a Sabbath school, is an educational institution, usually Christianity, Christian in character and intended for children or neophytes. Sunday school classes usually precede a Sunday church service and are u ...
(died 1811) * 1737
Michael Haydn Johann Michael Haydn (; 14 September 1737 – 10 August 1806) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period, the younger brother of Joseph Haydn. Life Michael Haydn was born in 1737 in the Austrian village of Rohra ...
, Austrian singer and composer (died 1806) *
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture ...
Alexander von Humboldt Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 1769 – 6 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, natural history, naturalist, List of explorers, explorer, and proponent of Romanticism, Romantic philosophy and Romanticism ...
, German geographer and explorer (died 1859) * 1774
Lord William Bentinck Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), Lieutenant General Lord William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck (14 September 177417 June 1839), known as Lord William Bentinck, was a British military commander and politician who served as the governor of the Be ...
, English general and politician, 14th
Governor-General of India The governor-general of India (1833 to 1950, from 1858 to 1947 the viceroy and governor-general of India, commonly shortened to viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom in their capacity as the emperor o ...
(died 1839) * 1791
Franz Bopp Franz Bopp (; 14 September 1791 – 23 October 1867) was a German linguistics, linguist known for extensive and pioneering comparative linguistics, comparative work on Indo-European languages. Early life Bopp was born in Mainz, but the pol ...
, German linguist and academic (died 1867) *
1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * February 14 – The First Serbian uprising begins th ...
John Gould John Gould (; 14 September 1804 – 3 February 1881) was an English ornithologist who published monographs on birds, illustrated by plates produced by his wife, Elizabeth Gould (illustrator), Elizabeth Gould, and several other artists, includ ...
, English ornithologist and illustrator (died 1881) * 1804 – Louis Désiré Maigret, French bishop (died 1882) * 1816Mary Hall Barrett Adams, American book editor and letter writer (died 1860) * 1837Nikolai Bugaev, Georgian-Russian mathematician and philosopher (died 1903) *
1843 Events January–March * January 3 – The '' Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms'' (海國圖志, ''Hǎiguó Túzhì'') compiled by Wei Yuan and others, the first significant Chinese work on the West, is published in China. * J ...
Lola Rodríguez de Tió, Puerto Rican poet, abolitionist, and women's rights activist (died 1924) * 1847Fanny Holland, English actress and singer (died 1931) *
1850 Events January–March * January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress. * January 31 – The University of Rochester is founded in Rochester, New York. * January – Sacramento, Ca ...
Anton Mahnič, Slovenian bishop, philosopher, and theologian (died 1920) *
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – ** Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. **U.S. President-elect ...
Ponnambalam Arunachalam, Ceylonese civil servant and politician (died 1924) *
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, '' Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Ja ...
Julia Platt, American embryologist and politician (died 1935) *
1860 Events January * January 2 – The astronomer Urbain Le Verrier announces the discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan (hypothetical planet), Vulcan at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 &ndas ...
Hamlin Garland, American novelist, poet, essayist, and short story writer (died 1940) *
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, English lawyer and politician, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 1958) *
1867 There were only 354 days this year in the newly purchased territory of Alaska. When the territory transferred from the Russian Empire to the United States, the calendric transition from the Julian to the Gregorian Calendar was made with only 1 ...
Charles Dana Gibson, American illustrator (died 1944) * 1868
Théodore Botrel Jean-Baptiste-Théodore-Marie Botrel (14 September 1868 – 28 July 1925) was a French singer-songwriter, poet and playwright. He is best known for his popular songs about his native Brittany, of which the most famous is ''La Paimpolaise''. Dur ...
, French singer-songwriter, poet, and playwright (died 1925) * 1869Kid Nichols, American baseball player and manager (died 1953) *
1872 Events January * January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years. *January 20 – The Cavite mutiny was an uprising of Filipino military personnel of Fort S ...
John Olof Dahlgren, Swedish-American soldier,
Medal of Honor The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces, military decoration and is awarded to recognize American United States Army, soldiers, United States Navy, sailors, Un ...
recipient (died 1963) * 1879
Margaret Sanger Margaret Sanger ( Higgins; September 14, 1879September 6, 1966) was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. She opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, founded Planned Parenthood, and was instr ...
, American nurse and activist (died 1966) *
1880 Events January *January 27 – Thomas Edison is granted a patent for the incandescent light bulb. Edison filed for a US patent for an electric lamp using "a carbon filament or strip coiled and connected ... to platina contact wires." gr ...
Benjamin Benjamin ( ''Bīnyāmīn''; "Son of (the) right") blue letter bible: https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h3225/kjv/wlc/0-1/ H3225 - yāmîn - Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (kjv) was the younger of the two sons of Jacob and Rachel, and Jacob's twe ...
, Russian bishop and missionary (died 1961) * 1880 – Archie Hahn, American sprinter, football player, and coach (died 1955) * 1883Richard Gerstl, Austrian painter and illustrator (died 1908) * 1885Vittorio Gui, Italian conductor, composer, and critic (died 1975) *
1886 Events January * January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British rule in Burma, British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885. * January 5–January 9, 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson ...
Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician, Czech Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 1948) * 1887Karl Taylor Compton, American physicist (died 1954) * 1891
Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov Ivan Matveevich Vinogradov ( rus, Ива́н Матве́евич Виногра́дов, p=ɪˈvan mɐtˈvʲejɪvʲɪtɕ vʲɪnɐˈɡradəf, a=Ru-Ivan_Matveyevich_Vinogradov.ogg; 14 September 1891 – 20 March 1983) was a Soviet mathematician ...
, Russian mathematician and academic (died 1983) * 1892Laurence W. Allen, English lieutenant and pilot (died 1968) * 1896José Mojica, Mexican tenor and actor (died 1974) *
1898 Events January * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queen ...
Lawrence Gellert, Hungarian-American musicologist and song collector (died 1979) * 1898 – Ernest Nash, German-Italian photographer and scholar (died 1974)


1901–present

* 1902Giorgos Papasideris, Greek singer-songwriter (died 1977) * 1902 – Alice Tully, American soprano and philanthropist (died 1993) * 1903Mart Raud, Estonian poet and author (died 1980) * 1904Frank Amyot, Canadian sprint canoeist (died 1962) * 1904 – Richard Mohaupt, German composer and Kapellmeister (died 1957) *
1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
Yuri Ivask, Russian-American poet and critic (died 1986) * 1909
Peter Scott Sir Peter Markham Scott (14 September 1909 – 29 August 1989) was a British ornithologist, conservation movement, conservationist, painter, naval officer, broadcaster and Sportsperson, sportsman. The only child of Antarctic explorer Robert Fal ...
, English ornithologist, painter, and sailor (died 1989) * 1910Lehman Engel, American composer and conductor (died 1982) * 1910 – Jack Hawkins, English actor and producer (died 1973) * 1910 –
Yiannis Latsis Ioannis "Yiannis" Latsis (; 14 September 1910 – 17 April 2003), also known as John Spyridon Latsis, was a Greek shipping multi-billionaire business magnate notable for his great wealth, influential friends, and charitable activities. The year ...
, Greek businessman (died 2003) * 1910 – Rolf Liebermann, Swiss-French composer and manager (died 1999) * 1910 – Rasuna Said, Indonesian women's rights campaigner and national hero (died 1965) *
1911 Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia. * January 3 ** 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 m ...
William H. Armstrong, American author and educator (died 1999) *
1913 Events January * January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his ''Marxism and the National Question''. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city. * January 3 &ndash ...
Jacobo Árbenz, Guatemalan captain and politician,
President of Guatemala The president of Guatemala (), officially titled President of the Republic of Guatemala (), is the head of state and head of government of Guatemala, elected to a single four-year term. The position of President was created in 1839. Selectio ...
(died 1971) * 1913 – Rubby Sherr, American physicist and academic (died 2013) *
1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as the First World War, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip ...
Mae Boren Axton, American composer and educator (died 1997) * 1914 – Clayton Moore, American actor (died 1999) * 1915John Dobson, Chinese-American astronomer and author, designed the Dobsonian telescope (died 2014) * 1916Eric Bentley, English-American singer, playwright, and critic (died 2020) * 1916 – John Heyer, Australian director and producer (died 2001) *
1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
Rudolf Baumgartner, Swiss violinist and conductor (died 2002) *
1918 The ceasefire that effectively ended the World War I, First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people wor ...
Georges Berger, Belgian race car driver (died 1967) * 1918 – Cachao López, Cuban-American bassist and composer (died 2008) * 1919Deryck Cooke, English musicologist and broadcaster (died 1976) * 1919 – Gil Langley, Australian cricketer, footballer, and politician (died 2001) * 1919 – Olga Lowe, South African-English actress (died 2013) * 1919 –
Kay Medford Margaret Kathleen Regan (September 14, 1919 – April 10, 1980), better known as Kay Medford, was an American actress. For her performance as Rose Brice in the musical ''Funny Girl (musical), Funny Girl'' and the Funny Girl (film), film adaptati ...
, American actress (died 1980) * 1920Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan journalist and author (died 2009) * 1920 –
Lawrence Klein Lawrence Robert Klein (September 14, 1920 – October 20, 2013) was an American economist. For his work in creating computer models to forecast economic trends in the field of econometrics in the Department of Economics at the University of Penn ...
, American economist and academic,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 2013) * 1920 – Alberto Calderón, Argentinian-American mathematician and academic (died 1998) *
1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish lin ...
Constance Baker Motley, American lawyer, judge, and politician (died 2005) * 1921 – A. Jean de Grandpré, Canadian lawyer, businessman, and academic (died 2022) * 1921 –
Paul Poberezny Paul Howard Poberezny (September 14, 1921 – August 22, 2013) was an American aviator, entrepreneur, and aircraft designer. He founded the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) in 1953, and spent the greater part of his life promoting hom ...
, American pilot and businessman, founded the
Experimental Aircraft Association The Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) is an international organization of aviation enthusiasts based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Since its inception, it has grown internationally with over 300,000 members and nearly 1,000 chapters worldwide. ...
(died 2013) * 1921 – Dario Vittori, Italian-Argentinian actor and producer (died 2001) * 1922
Michel Auclair Michel Auclair (born Vladimir Vujović, sr-cyr, Владимир Вујовић; 14 September 1922 – 7 January 1988) was an actor of Serbian and French ancestry, known best for his roles in French cinema. Auclair was born to a Serbian fat ...
, German-French actor (died 1988) * 1922 – Frances Bergen, American model and actress (died 2006) * 1922 – Alfred Käärmann, Estonian soldier and author (died 2010) *
1923 In Greece, this year contained only 352 days as 13 days was skipped to achieve the calendrical switch from Julian to Gregorian Calendar. It happened there that Wednesday, 15 February ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Thursday, 1 March ' ...
Nicholas Georgiadis, Greek painter and costume designer (died 2001) * 1924Patricia Barringer, American baseball player and accountant (died 2007) * 1924 – Jerry Coleman, American baseball player and manager (died 2014) * 1924 – Abioseh Nicol, Sierra Leonean-English physician, academic, and diplomat (died 1994) * 1924 – Wim Polak, Dutch journalist and politician, Mayor of Amsterdam (died 1999) *
1926 In Turkey, the year technically contained only 352 days. As Friday, December 18, 1926 ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Saturday, January 1, 1927 '' (Gregorian Calendar)''. 13 days were dropped to make the switch. Turkey thus became the ...
Michel Butor Michel Butor (; 14 September 1926 – 24 August 2016) was a French poet, novelist, teacher, essayist, art critic and translator. Life and work Michel Marie François Butor was born in Mons-en-Barœul, a suburb of Lille, the third of seven chil ...
, French author and critic (died 2016) * 1926 – Richard Ellsasser, American organist, composer, and conductor (died 1972) * 1926 – Carmen Franco, 1st Duchess of Franco, Spanish noblewoman (died 2017) *
1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the BBC, British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, John Reith becomes the first ...
Martin Caidin, American author and screenwriter (died 1997) * 1927 – Janet Davies, English actress (died 1986) * 1927 – Gardner Dickinson, American golfer (died 1998) * 1927 – Jim Fanning, American-Canadian baseball player and manager (died 2015) * 1927 – Edmund Szoka, American cardinal (died 2014) *
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
Jay Cameron, American reed player and saxophonist (died 2001) * 1928 – Alberto Korda, Cuban photographer (died 2001) * 1928 – Angus Ogilvy, English businessman (died 2004) * 1929Larry Collins, American-French journalist, historian, and author (died 2005) * 1930
Allan Bloom Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell Un ...
, American philosopher and academic (died 1992) * 1930 – Romola Costantino, Australian pianist and critic (died 1988) * 1930 – Eugene I. Gordon, American physicist and engineer (died 2014) *
1932 Events January * January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel. * January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
Harry Sinden, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager * 1932 – John Tembo, Malawian politician (died 2023) *
1933 Events January * January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. * January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
Zoe Caldwell, Australian actress (died 2020) * 1933 – Harve Presnell, American actor and singer (died 2009) *
1934 Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strik ...
Sarah Kofman, French philosopher and academic (died 1994) * 1934 – Paul Little, New Zealand rugby player (died 1993) * 1934 –
Kate Millett Katherine Murray Millett (September 14, 1934 – September 6, 2017) was an American feminist writer, educator, artist, and activist. She attended the University of Oxford and was the first American woman to be awarded a degree with first-clas ...
, American author and activist (died 2017) * 1934 – Don Walser, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2006) *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
Fujio Akatsuka, Japanese illustrator (died 2008) *
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House. * January 28 – Death and state funer ...
Harry Danielsen, Norwegian educator and politician (died 2011) * 1936 – Terence Donovan, English photographer and director (died 1996) * 1936 – Walter Koenig, American actor, producer, and screenwriter * 1936 – Ferid Murad, American physician and pharmacologist,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 2023) * 1936 – Lucas Samaras, Greek-American painter and photographer (died 2024) * 1937Renzo Piano, Italian architect and engineer, designed
The Shard The Shard, also referred to as the Shard London Bridge and formerly London Bridge Tower, is a 72-storey mixed-use development supertall pyramid-shaped skyscraper, designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano, in Southwark, London, that for ...
and The New York Times Building *
1938 Events January * January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
Franco Califano, Libya-born Italian singer-songwriter (died 2013) * 1938 –
Nicol Williamson Thomas Nicol Williamson (14 September 1936 – 16 December 2011) was a British actor. He was once described by playwright John Osborne as "the greatest actor since Marlon Brando". He was also described by Samuel Beckett as "touched by genius" an ...
, Scottish actor (died 2011) *
1939 This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
DeWitt Weaver, American golfer (died 2021) *
1940 A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280. Events Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January *Janu ...
Ventseslav Konstantinov, Bulgarian writer and translator (died 2019) * 1940 – Larry Brown, American basketball player and coach * 1940 – Padmakar Shivalkar, Indian cricketer (died 2025) * 1941Bruce Hyde, American actor and academic (died 2015) * 1941 – Ian Kennedy, English lawyer and academic * 1941 – Joan Trumpauer Mulholland, American civil rights activist * 1941 – Alberto Naranjo, Venezuelan drummer, composer, and bandleader (died 2020) * 1941 – Alex St. Clair, American guitarist and songwriter (died 2006) *
1942 The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was th ...
Oliver Lake, American saxophonist, flute player, and composer * 1942 – Roger Lyons, English trade union leader * 1942 – Bernard MacLaverty, Irish author, playwright, and screenwriter *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 � ...
Irwin Goodman, Finnish singer-composer and guitarist (died 1991) * 1943 – Marcos Valle, Brazilian singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
Joey Heatherton, American actress, singer, and dancer * 1944 – Rowena Morrill, American artist (died 2021) * 1944 – Günter Netzer, German footballer and manager *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat. Events World War II will be ...
Martin Tyler Martin Tyler (born 14 September 1945) is an English Association football, football commentator. He worked as a commentator for Sky Sports from 1990 to 2023, covering the Premier League and UEFA Champions League, as well as other domestic and inte ...
, English sportscaster *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
Pete Agnew, Scottish rock bassist and singer * 1946 – Jim Angle, American soldier and journalist (died 2022) * 1946 – Wolfgang Sühnholz, German-American soccer player and coach (died 2019) * 1946 – Kjell Gjerseth, Norwegian novelist and journalist (died 2025) *
1947 It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Events January * January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
Jon Bauman, American singer * 1947 – Sam Neill, Northern Irish-New Zealand actor and director *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
Marc Reisner, American environmentalist and author (died 2000) *
1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025 * January 2 – Luis ...
Steve Gaines, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1977) * 1949 – Ed King, American guitarist and songwriter (died 2018) * 1949 – Tommy Seebach, Danish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (died 2003) * 1949 –
Fred "Sonic" Smith Frederick Dewey Smith (September 14, 1948 – November 4, 1994), known professionally as Fred "Sonic" Smith, was an American guitarist and member of the rock band MC5. He married and raised two children with poet and fellow rock musician Patti S ...
, American guitarist and songwriter (died 1994) * 1949 – Eikichi Yazawa, Japanese singer-songwriter *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
Paul Kossoff, English guitarist and songwriter (died 1976) * 1950 – Masami Kuwashima, Japanese race car driver * 1950 – Mike Nifong, American lawyer and politician * 1950 – John Steptoe, American author and illustrator (died 1989) *
1951 Events January * January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950). * January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
Volodymyr Melnykov, Ukrainian poet, writer, songwriter and composer *
1951 Events January * January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950). * January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
Joe McDonnell, Northern Irish hunger striker (died 1981) *
1953 Events January * January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma. * January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo. * January 14 ** Marshal Josip Broz Tito ...
Tom Cora, American cellist and composer (died 1998) * 1953 – Judy Playfair, Australian swimmer * 1953 – Robert Wisdom, American actor *
1954 Events January * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...
Barry Cowsill, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (died 2005) * 1954 – David Wojnarowicz, American painter and photographer (died 1992) * 1955Steve Berlin, American saxophonist, keyboard player, and producer * 1955 – Geraldine Brooks, Australian-American novelist and journalist * 1955 – William Jackson, Scottish harp player and composer * 1955 – Edu Manzano, American-Filipino actor and politician * 1955 –
Pope Leo XIV Pope Leo XIV (born Robert Francis Prevost, September 14, 1955) has been head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State since May 2025. He is the first pope to have been born in the United States and North America, the fir ...
*
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
Paul Allott, English cricketer and sportscaster * 1956 – Beth Nielsen Chapman, American singer-songwriter * 1956 –
Kostas Karamanlis Konstantinos A. Karamanlis (; born 14 September 1956), commonly known as Kostas Karamanlis (, ), is a Greek retired politician who served as Prime Minister of Greece, prime minister of Greece from 2004 to 2009. He was also president of the Centr ...
, Greek lawyer and politician, 181st
Prime Minister of Greece The prime minister of the Hellenic Republic (), usually referred to as the prime minister of Greece (), is the head of government of the Greece, Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Cabinet of Greece, Greek Cabinet. The officeholder's of ...
* 1956 – Nathalie Roussel, French actress * 1956 – Ray Wilkins, English footballer and manager (died 2018) * 1956 – Lefteris Zagoritis, Greek lawyer and politician *
1957 Events January * January 1 – The Saarland joins West Germany. * January 3 – Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch. * January 5 – South African player Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be Dismissal (cricke ...
Tim Wallach Timothy Charles Wallach (born September 14, 1957), nicknamed "Eli", is an American former professional baseball player and coach. He played seventeen seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a third baseman, most notably for the Montreal Expos ...
, American baseball player and coach * 1957 –
Kepler Wessels Kepler Christoffel Wessels (born 14 September 1957) is a South African-Australian cricket commentator and former cricketer who captained South Africa after playing 24 Tests for Australia. Since retiring he has been a lawn bowls competitor. He ...
, South African cricketer, coach, and sportscaster * 1958Paul Clark, English footballer and manager * 1958 – Jeff Crowe, New Zealand cricketer, referee, and manager * 1958 – Arlindo Cruz, Brazilian singer-songwriter * 1958 – Billy Abercromby, Scottish footballer (died 2024) *
1959 Events January * January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance. * January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
John Berry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1959 – Mary Crosby, American actress * 1959 –
Morten Harket Morten Harket (; born 14 September 1959) is a Norwegian singer who is the lead vocalist of the synth-pop band A-ha. A-ha has released 11 studio albums as of 2024, and topped the charts internationally after their breakthrough hit "Take On Me" i ...
, Norwegian singer-songwriter * 1960Ronald Lengkeek, Dutch footballer * 1960 – Melissa Leo, American actress * 1960 –
Callum Keith Rennie Callum Keith Rennie (born 14 September 1960) is a Canadian actor, based in British Columbia. His breakthrough role was as punk rocker Billy Tallent in the music mockumentary ''Hard Core Logo'' (1996), followed by a starring role as Det. Stanle ...
, English-Canadian actor and producer * 1961Freeman Mbowe, Tanzanian politician * 1961 – Wendy Thomas, American businesswoman *
1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
Robert Herjavec, Croatian-Canadian businessman * 1962 – Tom Kurvers, American ice hockey player and sportscaster (died 2021) * 1962 – Nick Botterill, British business man * 1962 – Bonnie Jo Campbell, American novelist and short story writer *
1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...
Robin Singh, Trinidadian-Indian cricketer and coach * 1964Faith Ford, American actress *
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
Emily Bell, English journalist and academic * 1965 –
Dmitry Medvedev Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician and lawyer who has served as Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of Russia since 2020. Medvedev was also President of Russia between 2008 and 2012 and Prime Mini ...
, Russian lawyer and politician, 3rd
President of Russia The president of Russia, officially the president of the Russian Federation (), is the executive head of state of Russia. The president is the chair of the State Council (Russia), Federal State Council and the President of Russia#Commander-in-ch ...
* 1965 – Kevin O'Hare, English ballet dancer and director * 1965 – Michelle Stafford, American actress, producer, and screenwriter *
1966 Events January * January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko. * January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
Iztok Puc, Croatian-Slovenian handball player (died 2011) * 1966 – Aamer Sohail, Pakistani cricketer and politician *
1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of ...
Jens Lien, Norwegian director, producer, and screenwriter * 1967 – John Power, English singer-songwriter and guitarist *
1968 Events January–February * January 1968, January – The I'm Backing Britain, I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously. * January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Cze ...
Grant Shapps Sir Grant Shapps (born 14 September 1968) is a British politician who served as Secretary of State for Defence from August 2023 to July 2024. Shapps previously served in various Cabinet of the United Kingdom, cabinet posts, including Chairman of ...
, English politician * 1969Denis Betts, English rugby league player and coach * 1969 – Bong Joon-ho, South Korean director and screenwriter * 1969 – Konstandinos Koukodimos, Australian-Greek long jumper and politician *
1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
Francesco Casagrande, Italian cyclist * 1970 – Ben Garant, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter * 1970 – Ketanji Brown Jackson, American lawyer and jurist,
associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a Justice (title), justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the J ...
* 1970 –
Satoshi Kojima is a Japanese professional wrestler. He is signed to both New Japan Pro-Wrestling and Major League Wrestling (MLW), where he is a former two-time MLW World Heavyweight Championship, MLW World Heavyweight Champion and former one half of the MLW W ...
, Japanese wrestler * 1970 – Jason Martin, Australian rugby league player, singer, and guitarist * 1970 – Craig Montoya, American singer-songwriter and bass player * 1970 – Mark Webber, English guitarist *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
Jeff Loomis Jeff Loomis (born September 14, 1971) is an American musician, best known for his role as lead guitarist in the progressive metal band Nevermore during its existence from 1991 to 2011, as well as brief tenures in its precursor, Sanctuary (band) ...
, American guitarist and songwriter * 1971 –
Andre Matos Andre Coelho Matos (; 14 September 1971 – 8 June 2019) was a Brazilian singer and musician. He was involved in the heavy metal bands Viper, Angra, Shaman and Symfonia. Since 2006, Matos had been dedicating his time to his solo career. I ...
, Brazilian singer-songwriter and pianist (died 2019) * 1971 – Christopher McCulloch, American voice actor, producer, and screenwriter * 1971 – Kimberly Williams-Paisley, American actress, director, and producer *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
Notah Begay III, American golfer * 1972 – David Bell, American baseball player and coach *
1973 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
Tony Bui, Vietnamese director, producer, and screenwriter * 1973 – Terrell Fletcher, American football player * 1973 – Andrew Lincoln, English actor * 1973 –
Nas Nas (born 1973) is the stage name of American rapper Nasir Jones. Nas, NaS, or NAS may also refer to: Aviation * Nasair, a low-cost airline carrier and subsidiary based in Eritrea * National Air Services, an airline in Saudi Arabia ** Nas Air (S ...
, American rapper * 1973 – Linvoy Primus, English footballer * 1973 – Mike Ward, Canadian comedian and actor * 1974Chad Bradford, American baseball player * 1974 – Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan runner * 1974 – Mattias Marklund, Swedish guitarist * 1974 – Sunday Oliseh, Nigerian footballer and manager * 1974 – Helgi Sigurðsson, Icelandic footballer * 1974 – Patrick van Balkom, Dutch sprinter *
1976 Events January * January 2 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 18 – Full diplomatic ...
Austin Basis, American actor * 1976 –
Agustín Calleri Agustín Calleri (, ; born 14 September 1976) is a retired professional male tennis player from Argentina. His nickname is ''Gordo'' which means ''Fat'' in Spanish. He is known as a hard-hitter and he prefers playing on clay. Calleri served as ...
, Argentinian tennis player * 1976 – Kevin Lyttle, Vincentian soca artist *
1977 Events January * January 8 – 1977 Moscow bombings, Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (no ...
– Mattias Agabus, Estonian architect * 1977 – Malik Bendjelloul, Swedish director and producer (died 2014) * 1977 – Miyu Matsuki, Japanese voice actress and singer (died 2015) *1978 – Ben Cohen (rugby union), Ben Cohen, English rugby union player * 1978 – Ron DeSantis, American politician, 46th Governor of Florida * 1978 – Carmen Kass, Estonian model and actress * 1978 – Danielle Peck, American singer-songwriter *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
– Ivica Olić, Croatian footballer * 1979 – Stefan Stam, Dutch footballer *1980 – Ayọ, German singer-songwriter and actress * 1980 – Gareth Maybin, Northern Irish professional golfer *1981 – Miyavi, Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer * 1981 – Katie Lee (food critic), Katie Lee, American chef, author, and critic * 1981 – Stefan Reisinger, German footballer * 1981 – Yumi Adachi, Japanese actress and singer * 1982 – SoShy, French-American singer-songwriter * 1982 – Petr Průcha, Czech ice hockey player *1983 – Arash Borhani, Iranian footballer * 1983 – Josh Outman, American baseball player * 1983 – Frostee Rucker, American football player * 1983 – Amy Winehouse, English singer-songwriter (died 2011) *
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeas ...
– Ayushmann Khurrana, Indian actor, singer and anchor * 1984 – Adam Lamberg, American actor *
1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a n ...
– Alex Clare, English singer and songwriter * 1985 – Paolo Gregoletto, American bass player and songwriter * 1985 – Trevis Smith, American football player * 1985 – Aya Ueto, Japanese actress and singer * 1985 – Delmon Young, American baseball player *1986 – David Desharnais, Canadian ice hockey player * 1986 – Jonathan Monaghan, American director, producer, and screenwriter * 1986 – Steven Naismith, Scottish footballer * 1986 – Barış Özbek, German-Turkish footballer * 1986 – Alan Sheehan, Irish footballer * 1986 – Ai Takahashi, Japanese singer and actress * 1986 – Reggie Williams (basketball, born 1986), Reggie Williams, American basketball player *1987 – Jessica Brown Findlay, English actress * 1987 – Michael Crabtree, American football player * 1987 – Tinchy Stryder, Ghanaian-English rapper and producer *1988 – Martin Fourcade, French biathlete * 1988 – Diogo Salomão, Portuguese footballer *
1989 1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...
– Jimmy Butler, American basketball player * 1989 – Tony Finau, American golfer * 1989 – Logan Henderson, American singer-songwriter * 1989 – Jesse James (actor), Jesse James, American actor * 1989 – Lee Jong-suk, South Korean actor and model * 1989 – Alex Killorn, Canadian ice hockey player * 1989 – Jonathon Simmons, American basketball player * 1989 – Miriam Zetter, Mexican ten-pin bowler *1990 – Douglas Costa, Brazilian footballer * 1990 – Petar Filipović, German-born Croatian footballer * 1990 – Belinda Hocking, Australian backstroke swimmer * 1990 – Cecilie Pedersen (Norwegian footballer), Cecilie Pedersen, Norwegian footballer *1991 – Dee Milliner, American football player * 1991 – Nana (singer), Nana, South Korean singer, actress and model * 1991 – Shayne Topp, American actor and Smosh cast member *
1992 1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General. * January 6 ** The Republ ...
– Connor Fields (BMX rider), Connor Fields, American cyclist * 1992 – Cassie Sharpe, Canadian freestyle skier * 1992 – Zico (rapper), Zico, South Korean rapper *
1993 The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as: * International Year for the World's Indigenous People The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
– Brandon Brown (racing driver), Brandon Brown, American race car driver *
1994 The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations. In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
– Brahim Darri, Dutch footballer * 1994 – Gary Harris, American basketball player * 1994 – Daniel O'Shaughnessy, Finnish footballer * 1994 – Krasimir Stanoev, Bulgarian footballer *1995 – Jevon Carter, American basketball player * 1995 – Deshaun Watson, American football player *1996 – Hugh Bernard, English cricketer * 1996 – Myles Wright, English professional footballer *
1997 Events January * January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States. * January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis. * January 1 ...
– Benjamin Ingrosso, Swedish singer and songwriter * 1997 – Dominic Solanke, English footballer *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
– Emma Kenney, American actress *
2000 2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year. Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
– Han (musician), Han, South Korean rapper


Deaths


Pre-1600

*AD 23 – Drusus Julius Caesar, Roman son of Tiberius (born 13 BC) * 258 – Cyprian, African bishop and saint (born 200) * 407 – John Chrysostom, Byzantine archbishop and saint (born 347) * 585 – Emperor Bidatsu, Bidatsu, emperor of Japan (born 538) * 619 – Yang You, emperor of the Sui dynasty, Sui Dynasty (born 605) * 775 – Constantine V, Byzantine emperor (born 718) * 786 – Al-Hadi, Abbasid caliph (born 764) * 788 – Li Mian, Chinese judge, military general, musician, poet, and politician (born 717) * 820 – Li Yong (chancellor), Li Yong, chancellor of the Tang dynasty, Tang Dynasty * 891 – Pope Stephen V, Stephen V, pope of the Catholic Church * 919 – Niall Glúndub, High King of Ireland * 927 – Cele Dabhaill mac Scannal, Irish abbot * 949 – Fujiwara no Tadahira, Japanese statesman (born 880) *1146 – Imad ad-Din Zengi, Syrian ruler (born 1087) *1164 – Emperor Sutoku of Japan (born 1119) *1214 – Albert Avogadro, Italian lawyer, patriarch, and saint (born 1149) *1321 – Dante Alighieri, Italian writer (born 1265) * 1401 – Dobrogost of Nowy Dwór, Polish bishop (born 1355) *1404 – Albert IV of Austria, Albert IV, duke of Austria (born 1377) *1412 – Ingegerd Knutsdotter, Swedish abbess (born 1356) *1435 – John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, English politician, Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom, Lord High Admiral (born 1389) *1487 – Mara Branković, Serbian princess (born 1416) *1523 – Pope Adrian VI (born 1459) *1538 – Henry III of Nassau-Breda (born 1483)


1601–1900

*1605 – Jan Tarnowski (1550–1605), Jan Tarnowski, Polish archbishop (born 1550) *1613 – Thomas Overbury, English poet *1638 – John Harvard (clergyman), John Harvard, English-American minister and philanthropist (born 1607) *1646 – Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Staffordshire (born 1591) *1712 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-French mathematician, astronomer, and engineer (born 1625) *1715 – Dom Pérignon (monk), Dom Pérignon, French monk and priest (born 1638) *1743 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (born 1690) *1749 – Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (born 1675) *1759 – Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French general (born 1712) *1807 – George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend, English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1724) *1821 – Heinrich Kuhl, German naturalist and zoologist (born 1797) *1836 – Aaron Burr, American colonel and politician, 3rd Vice President of the United States (born 1756) *1851 – James Fenimore Cooper, American novelist, short story writer, and historian (born 1789) *1852 – Augustus Pugin, English architect and critic, designed Scarisbrick Hall (born 1812) * 1852 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Irish-English field marshal and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1769) *
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
– Charles Pearson, English lawyer and politician (born 1793) * 1862 – Charles Lennox Richardson, English-Chinese merchant (born 1834) * 1879 – Bernhard von Cotta, German geologist and author (born 1808) * 1891 – Johannes Bosboom, Dutch painter (born 1817) *
1898 Events January * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queen ...
– William Seward Burroughs I, American businessman, founded the Burroughs Corporation (born 1857)


1901–present

* 1901
William McKinley William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until Assassination of William McKinley, his assassination in 1901. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Repub ...
, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 25th President of the United States (born 1843) *1905 – Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, Italian-French explorer (born 1852) * 1910 – Lombe Atthill, Northern Irish obstetrician and gynaecologist (born 1827) * 1916 – José Echegaray, Spanish engineer, mathematician, and playwright, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1832) *
1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the BBC, British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, John Reith becomes the first ...
– Isadora Duncan, American-Russian dancer and choreographer (born 1877) *1931 – Tom Roberts, English-Australian painter and educator (born 1856) *
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House. * January 28 – Death and state funer ...
– Ossip Gabrilowitsch, Russian-American pianist and conductor (born 1878) * 1936 – Irving Thalberg, American screenwriter and producer (born 1899) * 1937 – Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Czech sociologist and politician, 1st President of Czechoslovakia (born 1850) *
1942 The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was th ...
– E. S. Gosney, American eugenicist and philanthropist, founded Human Betterment Foundation (born 1855) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 � ...
– Jacob Gens, head of the Vilnius Ghetto government (born 1903) *
1951 Events January * January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950). * January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
– Fritz Busch, German conductor and director (born 1890) *1952 – John McPhee (politician), John McPhee, Australian businessman and politician, 27th Premier of Tasmania (born 1874) *
1959 Events January * January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance. * January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
– Wayne Morris (American actor), Wayne Morris, American actor, singer, and producer (born 1914) * 1960 – M. Karagatsis, Greek author, playwright, and critic (born 1908) * 1961 – Ernst Gustav Kühnert, Estonian-German architect and historian (born 1885) *
1962 The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– Frederick Schule, American hurdler, football player, and coach (born 1879) *
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
– J. W. Hearne, English cricketer (born 1891) *
1966 Events January * January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko. * January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
– Gertrude Berg, American actress and screenwriter (born 1899) * 1966 – Hiram Wesley Evans, American Ku Klux Klan leader (born 1881) * 1966 – Cemal Gürsel, Turkish general and politician, 4th President of Turkey (born 1895) *
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Walter Herbert (conductor), Walter Herbert, German-American conductor (born 1902) *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
Nur Muhammad Taraki, Afghan journalist and politician, 3rd President of Afghanistan (born 1917) *1981 – Furry Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1899) * 1982 – Christian Ferras, French violinist (born 1933) * 1982 – John Gardner (American writer), John Gardner, American novelist, essayist, and critic (born 1933) * 1982 – Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese commander and politician (born 1947) * 1982 – Grace Kelly, American-Monegasque actress; Princess of Monaco (born 1929) *
1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeas ...
– Janet Gaynor, American actress (born 1906) *1986 – Gordon McLendon, American broadcaster, founded the Liberty Broadcasting System (born 1921) *
1989 1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin W ...
– Pérez Prado, Cuban-Mexican singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1916) *1991 – Julie Bovasso, American actress and playwright (born 1930) * 1991 – Russell Lynes, American historian, photographer, and author (born 1910) *
1992 1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General. * January 6 ** The Republ ...
– August Komendant, Estonian-American engineer and academic (born 1906) * 1992 – Paul Martin Sr., Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada), Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1903) *
1994 The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations. In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
– Marika Krevata, Greek actress (born 1910) *1995 – Maurice K. Goddard, American colonel and politician (born 1912) *1996 – Juliet Prowse, Indian-South African actress, singer, and dancer (born 1937) *
1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...
– Yang Shangkun, Chinese politician, and 4th President of the People's Republic of China, President of China (born 1907) *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
– Charles Crichton, English director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1910) * 1999 – Giannos Kranidiotis, Greek politician and diplomat (born 1947) *
2000 2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year. Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
– Beah Richards, American actress (born 1920) * 2000 – Jerzy Giedroyc, Belarusian-Polish soldier and activist (born 1906) *
2001 The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...
– Stelios Kazantzidis, Greek singer and guitarist (born 1931) *
2002 The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
– LaWanda Page, American actress (born 1920) *
2003 2003 was designated by the United Nations as the International Year of Fresh water, Freshwater. In 2003, a Multi-National Force – Iraq, United States-led coalition 2003 invasion of Iraq, invaded Iraq, starting the Iraq War. Demographic ...
– Jerry Fleck, American actor and director (born 1947) * 2003 – Garrett Hardin, American ecologist and author (born 1915) * 2003 – John Serry, Sr., American accordion player and composer (born 1915) *2005 – William Berenberg, American physician and academic (born 1915) * 2005 – Vladimir Volkoff, French soldier and author (born 1932) * 2005 – Robert Wise, American director and producer (born 1914) *2006 – Mickey Hargitay, Hungarian-American bodybuilder and actor (born 1926) * 2006 – Esme Melville, Australian actress (born 1918) *
2007 2007 was designated as the International Heliophysical Year and the International Polar Year. Events January * January 1 **Bulgaria and Romania 2007 enlargement of the European Union, join the European Union, while Slovenia joins the Eur ...
– Jacques Martin (TV host), Jacques Martin, French television host and producer (born 1933) * 2007 – Robert Savoie, Canadian opera singer (born 1927) *
2008 2008 was designated as: *International Year of Languages *International Year of Planet Earth *International Year of the Potato *International Year of Sanitation The Great Recession, a worldwide recession which began in 2007, continued throu ...
– Hyman Golden, American businessman, co-founded Snapple (born 1923) *2009 – Keith Floyd, English chef and author (born 1943) * 2009 – Henry Gibson, American actor (born 1935) * 2009 – Jody Powell, American diplomat, White House Press Secretary (born 1943) * 2009 – Patrick Swayze, American actor, singer, and dancer (born 1952) *2011 – Malcolm Wallop, American politician (born 1933) *2012 – Jacques Antoine, French game show producer, created ''The Crystal Maze'' and ''Fort Boyard (TV series), Fort Boyard'' (born 1924) * 2012 – Eduardo Castro Luque, Mexican businessman and politician (born 1963) * 2012 – Winston Rekert, Canadian actor and director (born 1949) * 2012 – Kan Yuet-keung, Hong Kong banker, lawyer, and politician (born 1913) *2013 – Maksym Bilyi (footballer, born 1989), Maksym Bilyi, Ukrainian footballer (born 1989) * 2013 – Osama El-Baz, Egyptian soldier and diplomat (born 1931) * 2013 – Faith Leech, Australian swimmer (born 1941) *2014 – Tony Auth, American illustrator (born 1942) * 2014 – Peter Gutteridge, New Zealand singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1961) * 2014 – E. Jennifer Monaghan, English-American historian, author, and academic (born 1933) *
2015 2015 was designated by the United Nations as: * International Year of Light * International Year of Soil __TOC__ Events January * January 1 – Lithuania officially adopts the euro as its currency, replacing the litas, and becomes ...
– Davey Browne, Australian boxer (born 1986) * 2015 – Fred DeLuca, American businessman, co-founded Subway (restaurant), Subway (born 1947) * 2015 – Martin Kearns, English drummer (born 1977) * 2015 – Corneliu Vadim Tudor, Romanian journalist and politician (born 1949) *2018 – Ethel Johnson (wrestler), Ethel Johnson, American professional wrestler (born 1935) * 2018 – Zienia Merton, British actress (born 1945) *2021 – Norm Macdonald, Canadian comedian and actor (born 1959) *2024 – Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah, Jaber Mubarak Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti royal and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Kuwait (born 1942) *2024 – Otis Davis, American sprinter (born 1932)


Holidays and observances

*Christian calendar of saints, feast day: **Aelia Flaccilla (Eastern Orthodox Church) **Cormac mac Cuilennáin, Cormac mac Cuilennáin (or of Cashel) **Crescentius of Rome **Feast of the Cross (Christianity) ***Elevation of the Holy Cross (Eastern Orthodox) **Lord of Miracles of Buga **Louis Gabriel Taurin Dufresse (one of Martyr Saints of China) **Maternus of Cologne **Saint Notburga, Notburga **September 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Engineer's Day (
Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
) *Hindi Day (Hindi Belt, Hindi-speaking states of
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
) *Mobilized Servicemen Day (Ukraine) *San Jacinto Day (Nicaragua)


References


External links

* * * {{months Days of September