The Poncelet Prize (french: Prix Poncelet) is awarded by the

French Academy of Sciences The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was at th ...

. The prize was established in 1868 by the widow of General

Jean-Victor Poncelet Jean-Victor Poncelet (; 1 July 1788 – 22 December 1867) was a French engineer and mathematician who served most notably as the Commanding General of the École Polytechnique. He is considered a reviver of projective geometry, and his work ''Tr ...

for the advancement of the sciences. It was in the amount of 2,000

francs The franc is any of various units of currency. One franc is typically divided into 100 centimes. The name is said to derive from the Latin inscription ''francorum rex'' (King of the Franks) used on early French coins and until the 18th cent ...

(as of 1868), mostly for the work in

applied mathematics Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical ...

. The precise wording of the announcement by the academy varied from year to year and required the work be "in

mechanics Mechanics (from Ancient Greek: μηχανική, ''mēkhanikḗ'', "of machines") is the area of mathematics and physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects r ...

", or "for work contributing to the progress of pure or applied mathematics", or simply "in applied mathematics", and sometimes included condition that the work must be "done during the ten years preceding the award."

19th century

* (1868)

Alfred Clebsch Rudolf Friedrich Alfred Clebsch (19 January 1833 – 7 November 1872) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to algebraic geometry and invariant theory. He attended the University of Königsberg and was habilitated at Berlin. ...

* (1869)

Julius von Mayer Julius Robert von Mayer (25 November 1814 – 20 March 1878) was a German physician, chemist, and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics. He is best known for enunciating in 1841 one of the original statements of the conservation ...

* (1870)

Camille Jordan Marie Ennemond Camille Jordan (; 5 January 1838 – 22 January 1922) was a French mathematician, known both for his foundational work in group theory and for his influential ''Cours d'analyse''. Biography Jordan was born in Lyon and educated at ...

* (1871) Joseph Boussinesq * (1872) Amédée Mannheim, "for the general excellence of his geometrical disquisitions." * (1873) William Thomson, "for his magnificent works on the mathematical theory of electricity and magnetism." * (1874) Jacques Bresse, "for his work in applied mechanics." * (1875) Gaston Darboux, "for the ensemble of his mathematical work." * (1876) Xavier Kretz * (1877)

Edmond Laguerre Edmond Nicolas Laguerre (9 April 1834, Bar-le-Duc – 14 August 1886, Bar-le-Duc) was a French mathematician and a member of the Académie des sciences (1885). His main works were in the areas of geometry and complex analysis. He also investiga ...

, "for his mathematical works." * (1878) Maurice Lévy * (1879) Théodore Moutard * (1880) Henry Léauté * (1881) Charles Auguste Briot * (1882)

Rudolf Clausius Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (; 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founding fathers of the science of thermodynamics. By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle ...

* (1883) Georges Henri Halphen * (1884) Jules Hoüel * (1885)

Henri Poincaré Jules Henri Poincaré ( S: stress final syllable ; 29 April 1854 – 17 July 1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and philosopher of science. He is often described as a polymath, and in mathematics as "The ...

* (1886)

Charles Émile Picard Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was ...

* (1887)

Paul Émile Appell :''M. P. Appell is the same person: it stands for Monsieur Paul Appell''. Paul Émile Appell (27 September 1855, in Strasbourg – 24 October 1930, in Paris) was a French mathematician and Rector of the University of Paris. Appell polynomials a ...

* (1888) Édouard Collignon * (1889)

Édouard Goursat Édouard Jean-Baptiste Goursat (21 May 1858 – 25 November 1936) was a French mathematician, now remembered principally as an expositor for his ''Cours d'analyse mathématique'', which appeared in the first decade of the twentieth century. It se ...

* (1890)

Carlos Ibáñez e Ibáñez de Ibero Carlos Ibáñez e Ibáñez de Ibero, 1st Marquis of Mulhacén, (14 April 1825 – 28 or 29 January 1891) was a Spanish divisional general and geodesist. He represented Spain at the 1875 Conference of the Metre Convention and was the first presid ...

, "for his dedication and the intelligent direction he gave to every matter related to his involvement at the

International Committee for Weights and Measures The General Conference on Weights and Measures (GCWM; french: Conférence générale des poids et mesures, CGPM) is the supreme authority of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM), the intergovernmental organization established ...

. After more than twenty years of scrupulous studies, in 1889, and according to the resolutions of (the

Convention of the Metre The Metre Convention (french: link=no, Convention du Mètre), also known as the Treaty of the Metre, is an international treaty that was signed in Paris on 20 May 1875 by representatives of 17 nations (Argentina, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Brazi ...

in) 1875, the new

metre The metre ( British spelling) or meter ( American spelling; see spelling differences) (from the French unit , from the Greek noun , "measure"), symbol m, is the primary unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), though its pr ...

standards were distributed to countries in Europe and the Americas perpetuating the acceptance of the

metric system The metric system is a system of measurement that succeeded the decimalised system based on the metre that had been introduced in France in the 1790s. The historical development of these systems culminated in the definition of the Intern ...

." * (1891) Marie Georges Humbert * (1892) Benjamin Baker and John Fowler * (1893) Gabriel Koenigs * (1894)

Hermann Laurent Paul Matthieu Hermann Laurent (2 September 1841, in Luxembourg City – 19 February 1908, in Paris, France) was a French mathematician. Despite his large body of works, Laurent series expansions for complex functions were ''not'' named after him, ...

, "for the whole of his mathematical works." * (1895) Gustave Robin * (1896) Paul Painlevé, "for all of his mathematical work." * (1897) Roger Liouville * (1898)

Jacques Hadamard Jacques Salomon Hadamard (; 8 December 1865 – 17 October 1963) was a French mathematician who made major contributions in number theory, complex analysis, differential geometry and partial differential equations. Biography The son of a teac ...

* (1899) Eugène Cosserat, "for the whole of his contributions to geometry and mechanics." * (1900)

Léon Lecornu Léon Lecornu (13 January 1854, Caen – 13 November 1940, Saint-Aubin-sur-Mer, Calvados) was a French engineer and physicist. After his secondary education at the Lycée de Caen, Léon Lecornu obtained his engineering degree from École Polyt ...

20th century

* (1901)

Émile Borel Félix Édouard Justin Émile Borel (; 7 January 1871 – 3 February 1956) was a French mathematician and politician. As a mathematician, he was known for his founding work in the areas of measure theory and probability. Biography Borel wa ...

* (1902) Maurice d'Ocagne * (1903)

David Hilbert David Hilbert (; ; 23 January 1862 – 14 February 1943) was a German mathematician, one of the most influential mathematicians of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Hilbert discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in many a ...

* (1904) Désiré André * (1905) Charles Lallemand (1857–1938) * (1906) Claude Guichard * (1907)

Charles Renard Charles Renard (1847–1905) born in Damblain, Vosges, was a French military engineer. Airships After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 he started work on the design of airships at the French army aeronautical department. Together with ...

(posthumously) * (1908) Erik Ivar Fredholm, "for his researches on integral equations." * (1909) Comte de Sparre, "for his studies relating to gunnery and his works on mechanics." * (1910) Charles Riquier * (1911) Auguste Rateau * (1912) Edmond Maillet * (1913)

Maurice Leblanc Maurice Marie Émile Leblanc (; ; 11 December 1864 – 6 November 1941) was a French novelist and writer of short stories, known primarily as the creator of the fictional gentleman thief and detective Arsène Lupin, often described as a French c ...

, "for the totality of his researches in mechanics." * (1914)

Henri Lebesgue Henri Léon Lebesgue (; June 28, 1875 – July 26, 1941) was a French mathematician known for his theory of integration, which was a generalization of the 17th-century concept of integration—summing the area between an axis and the curve of ...

* (1915) Charles Rabut * (1916)

Charles de la Vallée-Poussin Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...

* (1917) Jules Andrade, "for his work in applied mechanics, especially that dealing with chronometry." * (1918)

Joseph Larmor Sir Joseph Larmor (11 July 1857 – 19 May 1942) was an Irish and British physicist and mathematician who made breakthroughs in the understanding of electricity, dynamics, thermodynamics, and the electron theory of matter. His most influent ...

* (1919)

Prosper Charbonnier Prosper Jules Elie Charbonnier (1862 –1936) was a French naval officer, engineer, and ballistics expert. Charbonnier entered the l‘ Ecole polytechnique in 1884 and served in Lorient in the ''Régiment d’Artillerie de Marine'' (RAMA). He was p ...

, "for his work on ballistics" * (1920)

Élie Cartan Élie Joseph Cartan (; 9 April 1869 – 6 May 1951) was an influential French mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups, differential systems (coordinate-free geometric formulation of PDEs), and differential geometry ...

, "for the whole of his work." * (1921) Jacques Charles Émile Jouguet * (1922) Jules Drach, "for the whole of his work in mathematics." * (1923) Auguste Boulanger (

posthumously Posthumous may refer to: * Posthumous award - an award, prize or medal granted after the recipient's death * Posthumous publication – material published after the author's death * ''Posthumous'' (album), by Warne Marsh, 1987 * ''Posthumous'' (E ...

), "for the whole of his scientific work." * (1924)

Ernest Vessiot Ernest Vessiot (; 8 March 1865 – 17 October 1952) was a French mathematician. He was born in Marseille, France, and died in La Bauche, Savoie, France. He entered the École Normale Supérieure in 1884. He was Maître de Conférences at Lille ...

, "for the whole of his work in mathematics." * (1925) Denis Eydoux, "for the whole of his work in hydraulics." * (1926) Paul Montel, "for his mathematical work as a whole." * (1927) Henri Villat * (1929)

Alfred-Marie Liénard Alfred-Marie Liénard (2 April 1869 in Amiens – 29 April 1958 in Paris), was a French physicist and engineer. He is most well known for his derivation of the Liénard–Wiechert potentials. From 1887 to 1889 Liénard was a student at the Éco ...

* (1930)

Arnaud Denjoy Arnaud Denjoy (; 5 January 1884 – 21 January 1974) was a French mathematician. Biography Denjoy was born in Auch, Gers. His contributions include work in harmonic analysis and differential equations. His integral was the first to be able t ...

, "for the whole of his mathematical works." * (1932)

Raoul Bricard Raoul Bricard (23 March 1870 – 26 November 1943) was a French engineer and a mathematician. He is best known for his work in geometry, especially descriptive geometry and scissors congruence, and kinematics, especially mechanical linkages. B ...

, "for his work in geometry." * (1934) René Maurice Fréchet, "for the whole of his mathematical works." * (1936) Paul Lévy, "for the whole of his mathematical works." * (1937)

Joseph Bethenod Joseph Bethenod (27 April 1883 – 21 February 1944) was a French electrical engineer and inventor best known for his inventions in the field of radio transmission, but interested in a wide variety of topics including electric motors and automobil ...

, " for his work on mechanics and electricity." * (1938)

Szolem Mandelbrojt Szolem Mandelbrojt (10 January 1899 – 23 September 1983) was a Polish- French mathematician who specialized in mathematical analysis. He was a professor at the Collège de France from 1938 to 1972, where he held the Chair of Analytical Mechanic ...

* (1939) Henri Bénard * (1942) René Garnier * (1945) Alphonse Demoulin * (1948) Georges Valiron * (1951) Joseph Kampé de Fériet * (1954)

Georges Darmois Georges Darmois (24 June 1888 – 3 January 1960) was a French mathematician and statistician. He pioneered in the theory of sufficiency, in stellar statistics, and in factor analysis. He was also one of the first French mathematicians to teach ...

* (1972)

Michel Lazard Michel Paul Lazard (5 December 1924 – 15 September 1987) was a French mathematician who worked on the theory of Lie groups in the context of p-adic analysis. Career and research Born in Paris, Lazard studied at the University of Paris– Sorbo ...

* (1975) Jean Céa * (1978) Henri Skoda * (1981) Philippe G. Ciarlet * (1987) Pierre Ladeveze * (1990)

Jean-Yves Girard Jean-Yves Girard (; born 1947) is a French logician working in proof theory. He is the research director (emeritus) at the mathematical institute of the University of Aix-Marseille, at Luminy. Biography Jean-Yves Girard is an alumnus of the ...

* (1993) Marie Farge "for her work on the application of the

wavelet transform In mathematics, a wavelet series is a representation of a square-integrable ( real- or complex-valued) function by a certain orthonormal series generated by a wavelet. This article provides a formal, mathematical definition of an orthonormal wav ...

to the study of

turbulence In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to a laminar flow, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between ...

". * (1995) Yves Le Jan

Notes

References

* ''

Nature Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are p ...

'', different years.{{Specify, date=April 2011 Mathematics awards Awards established in 1868 Awards of the French Academy of Sciences 1868 establishments in France

19th century

20th century

See also

Notes

References