This is a list of
surface
A surface, as the term is most generally used, is the outermost or uppermost layer of a physical object or space. It is the portion or region of the object that can first be perceived by an observer using the senses of sight and touch, and is ...
s, by Wikipedia page.
''See also
List of algebraic surfaces
This is a list of named algebraic surfaces, compact complex surfaces, and families thereof, sorted according to their Kodaira dimension following Enriques–Kodaira classification.
Kodaira dimension −∞
Rational surfaces
* Projective plane Qu ...
,
List of curves
This is a list of Wikipedia articles about curves used in different fields: mathematics (including geometry, statistics, and applied mathematics), physics, engineering, economics, medicine, biology, psychology, ecology, etc.
Mathematics (Geometry) ...
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Riemann surface
In mathematics, particularly in complex analysis, a Riemann surface is a connected one-dimensional complex manifold. These surfaces were first studied by and are named after Bernhard Riemann. Riemann surfaces can be thought of as deformed vers ...
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Minimal surface
In mathematics, a minimal surface is a surface that locally minimizes its area. This is equivalent to having zero mean curvature (see definitions below).
The term "minimal surface" is used because these surfaces originally arose as surfaces that ...
s
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Catalan's minimal surface
In differential geometry, Catalan's minimal surface is a minimal surface originally studied by Eugène Charles Catalan in 1855.
It has the special property of being the minimal surface that contains a cycloid as a geodesic. It is also ''swept ...
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Costa's minimal surface
In mathematics, Costa's minimal surface, is an embedded minimal surface discovered in 1982 by the Brazilian mathematician Celso José da Costa. It is also a surface of finite topology, which means that it can be formed by puncturing a compact s ...
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Catenoid
In geometry, a catenoid is a type of surface, arising by rotating a catenary curve about an axis (a surface of revolution). It is a minimal surface, meaning that it occupies the least area when bounded by a closed space. It was formally describe ...
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Enneper surface
In differential geometry and algebraic geometry, the Enneper surface is a self-intersecting surface that can be described parametrically by:
\begin
x &= \tfrac u \left(1 - \tfracu^2 + v^2\right), \\
y &= \tfrac v \left(1 - \tfracv^2 + u^2\righ ...
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Gyroid
A gyroid is an infinitely connected triply periodic minimal surface discovered by Alan Schoen in 1970.
History and properties
The gyroid is the unique non-trivial embedded member of the associate family of the Schwarz P and D surfaces. I ...
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Helicoid
The helicoid, also known as helical surface, after the plane and the catenoid, is the third minimal surface to be known.
Description
It was described by Euler in 1774 and by Jean Baptiste Meusnier in 1776. Its name derives from its similarit ...
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Lidinoid
In differential geometry, the lidinoid is a triply periodic minimal surface. The name comes from its Swedish discoverer Sven Lidin (who called it the HG surface).
It has many similarities to the gyroid, and just as the gyroid is the unique emb ...
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Riemann's minimal surface
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Saddle tower
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Scherk surface
In mathematics, a Scherk surface (named after Heinrich Scherk) is an example of a minimal surface. Scherk described two complete embedded minimal surfaces in 1834; his first surface is a doubly periodic surface, his second surface is singly peri ...
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Schwarz minimal surface In differential geometry, the Schwarz minimal surfaces are periodic minimal surfaces originally described by Hermann Schwarz.
In the 1880s Schwarz and his student E. R. Neovius described periodic minimal surfaces. They were later named ...
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Triply periodic minimal surface
In differential geometry, a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) is a minimal surface in ℝ3 that is invariant under a rank-3 lattice of translations.
These surfaces have the symmetries of a crystallographic group. Numerous examples are know ...
Ruled surface
In geometry, a surface is ruled (also called a scroll) if through every point of there is a straight line that lies on . Examples include the plane, the lateral surface of a cylinder or cone, a conical surface with elliptical directrix, the ...
s
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Catalan surface
In geometry, a Catalan surface, named after the Belgian mathematician Eugène Charles Catalan, is a ruled surface all of whose rulings are parallel to a fixed plane.
Equations
The vector equation of a Catalan surface is given by
:''r'' = ''s'' ...
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Right conoid
In geometry, a right conoid is a ruled surface generated by a family of straight lines that all intersect perpendicularly to a fixed straight line, called the ''axis'' of the right conoid.
Using a Cartesian coordinate system in three-dimensiona ...
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Conical surface
In geometry, a (general) conical surface is the unbounded surface formed by the union of all the straight lines that pass through a fixed point — the ''apex'' or ''vertex'' — and any point of some fixed space curve — the ''dire ...
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helicoid
The helicoid, also known as helical surface, after the plane and the catenoid, is the third minimal surface to be known.
Description
It was described by Euler in 1774 and by Jean Baptiste Meusnier in 1776. Its name derives from its similarit ...
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Developable roller
In geometry, a developable roller is a convex solid whose surface consists of a single continuous, developable face. While rolling on a plane, most developable rollers develop their entire surface so that all the points on the surface touch t ...
s (
sphericon
In solid geometry, the sphericon is a solid that has a continuous developable surface with two congruent, semi-circular edges, and four vertices that define a square. It is a member of a special family of rollers that, while being rolled on ...
,
oloid
An oloid is a three-dimensional curved geometric object that was discovered by Paul Schatz in 1929. It is the convex hull of a skeletal frame made by placing two linked congruent circles in perpendicular planes, so that the center of each circl ...
)
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Hyperboloid of one sheet
In geometry, a hyperboloid of revolution, sometimes called a circular hyperboloid, is the surface generated by rotating a hyperbola around one of its principal axes. A hyperboloid is the surface obtained from a hyperboloid of revolution by defo ...
(doubly ruled)
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Hyperbolic paraboloid
In geometry, a paraboloid is a quadric surface that has exactly one axis of symmetry and no center of symmetry. The term "paraboloid" is derived from parabola, which refers to a conic section that has a similar property of symmetry.
Every plane ...
(doubly ruled)
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Rational normal scroll
In mathematics, a rational normal scroll is a ruled surface of degree ''n'' in projective space of dimension ''n'' + 1. Here "rational" means birational to projective space, "scroll" is an old term for ruled surface, and "normal" refers ...
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Regulus
Regulus is the brightest object in the constellation Leo and one of the brightest stars in the night sky. It has the Bayer designation designated α Leonis, which is Latinized to Alpha Leonis, and abbreviated Alpha Leo or α Leo. Reg ...
Non-orientable
In mathematics, orientability is a property of some topological spaces such as real vector spaces, Euclidean spaces, surfaces, and more generally manifolds that allows a consistent definition of "clockwise" and "counterclockwise". A space i ...
surfaces
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Klein bottle
In topology, a branch of mathematics, the Klein bottle () is an example of a non-orientable surface; it is a two-dimensional manifold against which a system for determining a normal vector cannot be consistently defined. Informally, it is a o ...
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Real projective plane
In mathematics, the real projective plane is an example of a compact non-orientable two-dimensional manifold; in other words, a one-sided surface. It cannot be embedded in standard three-dimensional space without intersecting itself. It has bas ...
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Cross-cap
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Roman surface
In mathematics, the Roman surface or Steiner surface is a self-intersecting mapping of the real projective plane into three-dimensional space, with an unusually high degree of symmetry. This mapping is not an immersion of the projective plan ...
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Boy's surface
Quadric
In mathematics, a quadric or quadric surface (quadric hypersurface in higher dimensions), is a generalization of conic sections (ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas). It is a hypersurface (of dimension ''D'') in a -dimensional space, and it is de ...
s
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Sphere
A sphere () is a Geometry, geometrical object that is a solid geometry, three-dimensional analogue to a two-dimensional circle. A sphere is the Locus (mathematics), set of points that are all at the same distance from a given point in three ...
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Spheroid
A spheroid, also known as an ellipsoid of revolution or rotational ellipsoid, is a quadric surface obtained by rotating an ellipse about one of its principal axes; in other words, an ellipsoid with two equal semi-diameters. A spheroid has cir ...
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Oblate spheroid
A spheroid, also known as an ellipsoid of revolution or rotational ellipsoid, is a quadric surface obtained by rotating an ellipse about one of its principal axes; in other words, an ellipsoid with two equal semi-diameters. A spheroid has circ ...
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Cone (geometry)
A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex.
A cone is formed by a set of line segments, half-lines, or lines con ...
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Ellipsoid
An ellipsoid is a surface that may be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation.
An ellipsoid is a quadric surface; that is, a surface that may be defined as the ...
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Hyperboloid of one sheet
In geometry, a hyperboloid of revolution, sometimes called a circular hyperboloid, is the surface generated by rotating a hyperbola around one of its principal axes. A hyperboloid is the surface obtained from a hyperboloid of revolution by defo ...
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Hyperboloid of two sheets
In geometry, a hyperboloid of revolution, sometimes called a circular hyperboloid, is the surface generated by rotating a hyperbola around one of its principal axes. A hyperboloid is the surface obtained from a hyperboloid of revolution by defo ...
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Hyperbolic paraboloid
In geometry, a paraboloid is a quadric surface that has exactly one axis of symmetry and no center of symmetry. The term "paraboloid" is derived from parabola, which refers to a conic section that has a similar property of symmetry.
Every plane ...
(a ruled surface)
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Paraboloid
In geometry, a paraboloid is a quadric surface that has exactly one axis of symmetry and no center of symmetry. The term "paraboloid" is derived from parabola, which refers to a conic section that has a similar property of symmetry.
Every plane ...
Pseudospherical surfaces
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Dini's surface
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Pseudosphere
In geometry, a pseudosphere is a surface with constant negative Gaussian curvature.
A pseudosphere of radius is a surface in \mathbb^3 having curvature in each point. Its name comes from the analogy with the sphere of radius , which is a surface ...
Algebraic surface
In mathematics, an algebraic surface is an algebraic variety of dimension two. In the case of geometry over the field of complex numbers, an algebraic surface has complex dimension two (as a complex manifold, when it is non-singular) and so of di ...
s
''See the
list of algebraic surfaces
This is a list of named algebraic surfaces, compact complex surfaces, and families thereof, sorted according to their Kodaira dimension following Enriques–Kodaira classification.
Kodaira dimension −∞
Rational surfaces
* Projective plane Qu ...
.''
* Cayley cubic
*
Barth sextic
* Clebsch cubic
*
Monkey saddle
In mathematics, the monkey saddle is the surface defined by the equation
: z = x^3 - 3xy^2, \,
or in cylindrical coordinates
:z = \rho^3 \cos(3\varphi).
It belongs to the class of saddle surfaces, and its name derives from the observation tha ...
(saddle-like surface for 3 legs.)
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Torus
In geometry, a torus (plural tori, colloquially donut or doughnut) is a surface of revolution generated by revolving a circle in three-dimensional space about an axis that is coplanar with the circle.
If the axis of revolution does not tou ...
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Dupin cyclide
In mathematics, a Dupin cyclide or cyclide of Dupin is any geometric inversion of a standard torus, cylinder or double cone. In particular, these latter are themselves examples of Dupin cyclides. They were discovered by (and named after) Charle ...
(inversion of a torus)
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Whitney umbrella
frame, Section of the surface
In geometry, the Whitney umbrella (or Whitney's umbrella, named after American mathematician Hassler Whitney, and sometimes called a Cayley umbrella) is a specific self-intersecting ruled surface placed in three dime ...
Miscellaneous surfaces
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surfaces
A surface, as the term is most generally used, is the outermost or uppermost layer of a physical object or space.
Surface or surfaces may also refer to:
Mathematics
*Surface (mathematics), a generalization of a plane which needs not be flat
*Surf ...