''Genomoviridae'' is a family of single stranded

DNA virus A DNA virus is a virus that has a genome made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is replicated by a DNA polymerase. They can be divided between those that have two strands of DNA in their genome, called double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, and t ...

es that mainly infect

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

. The genomes of this family are small (2.2–2.4 kilobases in length). The genomes are circular

single-stranded DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all ...

and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique

capsid protein A capsid is the protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material. It consists of several oligomeric (repeating) structural subunits made of protein called protomers. The observable 3-dimensional morphological subunits, which may or may ...

s. In Rep-based phylogenies, genomoviruses form a sister clade to plant viruses of the family ''

Geminiviridae ''Geminiviridae'' is a family of plant viruses that encode their genetic information on a circular genome of single-stranded (ss) DNA. The family contains 15 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: bright yellow mosaic, yellow mosa ...

''. Ten genera are recognized in this family. The family name is an acronym derived from ''geminivirus-like, no movement protein''. The genus name ''Gemycircularvirus'' stands for Gemini-like myco-infecting circular virus. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1 (ssHADV-1), of the genus ''Gemycircularvirus'', was the first cultivated member of the family. Most other genomoviruses are uncultivated and have been discovered using metagenomics techniques, although more genomoviruses are being isolated as interest grows. __TOC__

Taxonomy

The genera in this family are: * '' Gemycircularvirus'' * '' Gemyduguivirus'' * '' Gemygorvirus'' * '' Gemykibivirus'' * '' Gemykolovirus'' * '' Gemykrogvirus'' * '' Gemykroznavirus'' * '' Gemytondvirus'' * '' Gemytripvirus'' * '' Gemyvongvirus''

Virology

These viruses have circular single-stranded genomes of 2.1–2.2 kilobases in length. All but one genomovirids contain monopartite genomes, whereas the genome of Fusarium graminearum gemytripvirus 1 (genus '' Gemytripvirus'') consists of three segments. The monopartite genomes encode two proteins—a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein. The Rep protein is most closely similar to the Rep protein of the ''

''. In contrast, the CP protein shows no homology to the CP of geminiviruses.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q24804468 DNA viruses Virus families