The ''Biennale de Paris'' (English: Paris Biennale) is a noted French art festival, established in 1959. In 1983, the organization ceased functions, until its reestablishment in 2000 with the first exhibition of the new era occurring in 2004. The Biennale's mission is to promote art and artists which challenge current conventions in the art world.

History

Inspired by the

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale ( ; ) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy. There are two main components of the festival, known as the Art Biennale () and the Venice Biennale of Architecture, Architecture Biennale (), ...

and the São Paulo Art Biennial, the 'Biennale de Paris' was created by

André Malraux Georges André Malraux ( ; ; 3 November 1901 – 23 November 1976) was a French novelist, art theorist, and minister of cultural affairs. Malraux's novel ''La Condition Humaine'' (''Man's Fate'') (1933) won the Prix Goncourt. He was appointed ...

, the

Minister of Culture A culture minister or a heritage minister is a common cabinet position in governments. The culture minister is typically responsible for cultural policy, which often includes arts policy (direct and indirect support to artists and arts organiza ...

, in 1959 and headed by Raymond Cogniat. Cogniat held the position as director until 1967, when he resigned due to health concerns. He was succeeded by Jacques Lassaigne who lead the institution until its decommissioning in 1985. The initial goal of the Biennale was to present an overview of young creativity worldwide and to create a place of experiences and meetings; this was achieved partly with an international jury and the institution of an upper age limit of 35 years for submitted artists. Held every two years from 1959 to 1985, it was eventually decommissioned by the Ministry of Culture for a multitude of reasons including the rise of competing art exhibitions in Paris and the removal of the age requirements for artists. After its decommissioning, there were several failed attempts to revive the exhibition. In 1993, Alfred Pacquement headed attempts to restore and finance a new edition of the Biennale, but the plans were ultimately dropped. In 2000, Alexandre Gurita headed the reestablishment of the Biennale as a public institution with a focus on challenging and pushing conventions of contemporary art. With support from contemporary artists and art critics, the Biennale put on its first exhibition since 1985 in 2004, and continues to run with its emphasis on non-traditional art forms.

Presentations of the Biennale

1959 Edition

From the 2nd to the 25th of October 1959, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Jean-Claude Bédard, Jean-Claude Bertrand,

Pierre Bonnard Pierre Bonnard (; 3 October 186723 January 1947) was a French painter, illustrator and printmaker, known especially for the stylized decorative qualities of his paintings and his bold use of color. A founding member of the Post-Impressionist gr ...

, Gérald Collot, Simone Dat,

James Ensor James Sidney Edouard, Baron Ensor (13 April 1860 – 19 November 1949) was a Belgian painter and printmaker, an important influence on expressionism and surrealism who lived in Ostend for most of his life. He was associated with the artistic ...

, Pierre Fichet,

Henri Matisse Henri Émile Benoît Matisse (; 31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954) was a French visual arts, visual artist, known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a drawing, draughtsman, printmaking, printmaker, ...

Piet Mondrian Pieter Cornelis Mondriaan (; 7 March 1872 – 1 February 1944), known after 1911 as Piet Mondrian (, , ), was a Dutch Painting, painter and Theory of art, art theoretician who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. He w ...

, Emil Nolde, Georges Rouault,

Suzanne Valadon Suzanne Valadon (; 23 September 1865 – 7 April 1938) was a French painter who was born Marie-Clémentine Valadon at Bessines-sur-Gartempe, Haute-Vienne, France. In 1894, Valadon became the first woman painter admitted to the . She was also the ...

, Edouard Vuillard,

André Derain André Derain (, ; 10 June 1880 – 8 September 1954) was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse. In 2025, all of Derain’s work entered the public domain in the United States. Life and career Early ...

Raoul Dufy Raoul Dufy (; 3 June 1877 – 23 March 1953) was a French painter associated with the Fauvist movement. He gained recognition for his vibrant and decorative style, which became popular in various forms, such as textile designs, and public build ...

Paul Klee Paul Klee (; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a Swiss-born German artist. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism. Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented wi ...

Albert Marquet Albert Marquet (; 27 March 1875 – 14 June 1947) was a French painter. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, bu ...

Kees van Dongen Cornelis Theodorus Maria "Kees" van Dongen (26 January 1877 – 28 May 1968) was a Dutch-French painter who was one of the leading Fauves. Van Dongen's early work was influenced by the Hague School and symbolism and it evolved gradually into a ...

Jacques Villon Jacques Villon (July 31, 1875 – June 9, 1963), also known as Gaston Duchamp, was a French Cubist and Abstract art, abstract painter and printmaker. Early life Born Émile Méry Frédéric Gaston Duchamp in Damville, Eure, Damville, Eure, ...

, Maurice Vlaminck,

Georges Braque Georges Braque ( ; ; 13 May 1882 – 31 August 1963) was a major 20th-century List of French artists, French painter, Collage, collagist, Drawing, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor. His most notable contributions were in his alliance with ...

Marc Chagall Marc Chagall (born Moishe Shagal; – 28 March 1985) was a Russian and French artist. An early modernism, modernist, he was associated with the School of Paris, École de Paris, as well as several major art movement, artistic styles and created ...

Robert Delaunay Robert Delaunay (; 12 April 1885 – 25 October 1941) was a French artist of the School of Paris movement; who, with his wife Sonia Delaunay and others, co-founded the Orphism (art), Orphism art movement, noted for its use of strong colours and g ...

Max Ernst Max Ernst (; 2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German-born painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and surrealism in Europe. He had no formal artistic trai ...

, Roger de La Fresnaye,

Juan Gris José Victoriano González-Pérez (23 March 1887 – 11 May 1927), better known as Juan Gris (; ), was a Spanish painter born in Madrid who lived and worked in France for most of his active period. Closely connected to the innovative artistic g ...

, Marcel Gromaire, Claude Grosperrin,

Oskar Kokoschka Oskar Kokoschka (1 March 1886 – 22 February 1980) was an Austrian artist, poet, playwright and teacher, best known for his intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes, as well as his theories on vision that influenced the Viennese Expre ...

Fernand Léger Joseph Fernand Henri Léger (; February 4, 1881 – August 17, 1955) was a French painting, painter, sculpture, sculptor, and film director, filmmaker. In his early works he created a personal form of cubism (known as "tubism") which he gradually ...

, André Lhote,

André Masson André-Aimé-René Masson (; 4 January 1896 – 28 October 1987) was a French artist. Biography Masson was born in Balagny-sur-Thérain, Oise, but when he was eight his father's work took the family first briefly to Lille and then to Brus ...

Amedeo Modigliani Amedeo Clemente Modigliani (; ; 12 July 1884 – 24 January 1920) was an Italian painter and sculptor of the École de Paris who worked mainly in France. He is known for portraits and nudes in a modern art, modern style characterized by a surre ...

, Yehuda Neiman, Julius Pascin ( Julius Mordecai Pincas),

Constant Permeke Constant Permeke (; 31 July 1886 – 4 January 1952) was a Belgian painter and sculptor who is considered the leading figure of Flemish Expressionism. Biography Permeke was born in Antwerp but when he was six years old the family moved to Ost ...

Pablo Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and Scenic ...

Gino Severini Gino Severini (7 April 1883 – 26 February 1966) was an Italian Painting, painter and a leading member of the Futurism (art), Futurist movement. For much of his life he divided his time between Paris and Rome. He was associated with neo-classici ...

, Chaïm Soutine, Louis Trabuc,

Maurice Utrillo Maurice Utrillo (; born Maurice Valadon; 26 December 1883 – 5 November 1955) was a French painter of the School of Paris who specialized in cityscapes. From the Montmartre quarter of Paris, France, Utrillo is one of the few famous painters of ...

, Jacques Winsberg, Yasuo Mizui.

1961 Edition

From the 29th of September to the 5th of November 1961, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Pierre Alechinsky,

Arman Arman (November 17, 1928 – October 22, 2005) was a French and American artist. Born Armand Fernandez in Nice, France, Arman was a painter who moved from using objects for the ink or paint traces they leave (''cachets'', ''allures d'objet'') t ...

, Philippe Bonnet, Bernard Buffet, Henri Cueco, Simone Dat, Raymond Hains,

David Hockney David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English Painting, painter, Drawing, draughtsman, Printmaking, printmaker, Scenic design, stage designer, and photographer. As an important contributor to the pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considere ...

Jasper Johns Jasper Johns (born May 15, 1930) is an American painter, sculptor, draftsman, and printmaker. Considered a central figure in the development of American postwar art, he has been variously associated with abstract expressionism, Neo-Dada, and ...

, Jean-Marie Ledannois, Jean Le Gac, Robert Nicoïdski, Martial Raysse, Juan Luis Rodriguez Sibaja, Victor Roman,

Toulouse-Lautrec ''Comte'' Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa (24 November 1864 – 9 September 1901), known as Toulouse-Lautrec (), was a French painter, printmaker, draughtsman, caricaturist, and illustrator whose immersion in the colourful an ...

, Louis Trabuc, Jean-Pierre Vielfaure, Jacques Villeglé,

École de Paris The School of Paris (, ) refers to the French and émigré artists who worked in Paris in the first half of the 20th century. The School of Paris was not a single art movement or institution, but refers to the importance of Paris as a centre o ...

, Non figurative art.

1963 Edition

From the 28th of September to the 3rd of November 1963, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Antonio Segui,

Christo Christo Vladimirov Javacheff (1935–2020) and Jeanne-Claude Denat de Guillebon (1935–2009), known as Christo and Jeanne-Claude, were artists noted for their large-scale, site-specific environmental installations, often large landmarks a ...

Niki de Saint Phalle Niki de Saint Phalle (; born Catherine Marie-Agnès Fal de Saint Phalle; 29 October 193021 May 2002) was a French sculptor, painter, filmmaker, and author of colorful hand-illustrated books. Widely noted as one of the few female monumental sculp ...

Pierre Schaeffer Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer (English pronunciation: , ; 14 August 1910 – 19 August 1995) was a French composer, writer, broadcaster, engineer, musicologist, acoustician and founder of Groupe de Recherche de Musique Concrète (GRMC). His inno ...

Pierre Boulez Pierre Louis Joseph Boulez (; 26 March 19255 January 2016) was a French composer, conductor and writer, and the founder of several musical institutions. He was one of the dominant figures of post-war contemporary classical music. Born in Montb ...

Iannis Xenakis Giannis Klearchou Xenakis (also spelled for professional purposes as Yannis or Iannis Xenakis; , ; 29 May 1922 – 4 February 2001) was a Romanian-born Greek-French avant-garde composer, music theorist, architect, performance director and enginee ...

, Peter Blake,

, Nicolas Schöffer, Jacques Brissot, Vassili Kandinsky,

Salvador Dalí Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquess of Dalí of Púbol (11 May 190423 January 1989), known as Salvador Dalí ( ; ; ), was a Spanish Surrealism, surrealist artist renowned for his technical skill, precise draftsmanship, ...

, Groupe Mu, Groupe Lettriste, Groupe de Recherche d'Art Visuel (GRAV), Groupe des Aluchromistes Belges.

1965 Edition

From the 28th of September to the 3rd of November 1965, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris :

Christian Boltanski Christian Liberté Boltanski (6 September 1944 – 14 July 2021) was a French sculptor, photographer, painter, and film maker. He is best known for his photography installations and contemporary French conceptual style. Early life Boltanski wa ...

, Erik Dietmann, Daniel Buren, Jean-Pierre Le Boul'ch, Carlo Marangio, Michel Moskovtchenko, Peter Stampfli, Yvan Theys, Gérard Titus-Carmel, Niele Toroni, Vladimir Velickovic, Bernar Venet, Jean-Pierre Raynaud, Peter Blake, Groupe Lettriste, Pierre Buraglio, Jean de Gaspary

1967 Edition

From the 29th of September to the 5th of November 1967, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris :

, Martial Raysse, Jean-Pierre Raynaud,

Groupe de recherches musicales A group is a military unit or a military formation that is most often associated with military aviation. Air and aviation groups The terms group and wing differ significantly from one country to another, as well as between different branches ...

, BMPT, Groupe Lettriste, John Max, Henry Saxe, Pierre Hébert (cinéaste), Al Sens.

1969 Edition

From the 24th of September to the 1st of November 1969, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris :

Giulio Paolini Giulio Paolini (born 5 November 1940) is an Italian artist associated with both Arte Povera and Conceptual Art. Biography Paolini was born in Genoa. After a childhood spent in Bergamo, he moved with his family to Turin where he still lives today ...

Jannis Kounellis Jannis Kounellis (; 23 March 1936 – 16 February 2017) was a Greek Italian artist based in Rome. A key figure associated with Arte Povera, he studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome. Life and work Kounellis was born in Piraeus, Greece i ...

, Les Levine, Southwest Coming Together, Elektradermis, La modification, Utopie, Interplay, Ens musical, Nihilist Spasm Band, Vidéo-Dom, Automat, Medikit, Groupe AAT, Benedicto Cabrera.

1971 Biennale

From the 15th of September to the 21st of October 1971, Parc floral de Paris,

Bois de Vincennes The Bois de Vincennes (), located on the eastern edge of Paris, France, is the largest public park in the city. It was created between 1855 and 1866 by Emperor Napoleon III. The park is next to the Château de Vincennes, a former residence of ...

Joseph Kosuth Joseph Kosuth (; born January 31, 1945) is a Hungarian-American conceptual artist, who lives in New York and Venice,

, Art and Language, Robert Barry, Victor Burgin, Monika Baumgartl, Alighiero e Boetti,

Vito Acconci Vito Acconci (, ; January 24, 1940 – April 27, 2017) was an American performance art, performance, video and installation artist, whose diverse practice eventually included sculpture, architectural design, and landscape design. His performan ...

Bruce Nauman Bruce Nauman (born December 6, 1941) is an American artist. His practice spans a broad range of media including sculpture, photography, neon, video, drawing, printmaking, and performance. Nauman lives near Galisteo, New Mexico. Life and work ...

, Bernard Dreyfus,

Dan Graham Daniel Graham (March 31, 1942 – February 19, 2022) was an American visual artist, writer, and curator in the writer-artist tradition. In addition to his visual works, he published a large array of critical and speculative writing that spanned ...

Dennis Oppenheim Dennis Oppenheim (September 6, 1938 – January 21, 2011) was an American conceptual artist, performance artist, earth artist, sculptor and photographer. Dennis Oppenheim's early artistic practice is an epistemological questioning about the na ...

Richard Serra Richard Serra (November 2, 1938 – March 26, 2024) was an American artist known for his large-scale Abstract art, abstract sculptures made for Site-specific art, site-specific landscape, urban, and Architecture, architectural settings, a ...

Lawrence Weiner Lawrence Charles Weiner (February 10, 1942December 2, 2021) was an artist born and raised in New York City. One of the central figures in the formation of Conceptual Art in the 1960s, Lawrence Weiner explored the potentials of language as a scu ...

, Richard Long,

Joseph Beuys Joseph Heinrich Beuys ( ; ; 12 May 1921 – 23 January 1986) was a German artist, teacher, performance artist, and Aesthetics, art theorist whose work reflected concepts of humanism and sociology. With Heinrich Böll, , Caroline Tisdall, Rober ...

, Daniel Buren,

Gilbert and George Gilbert Prousch, sometimes referred to as Gilbert Proesch (born 17 September 1943), and George Passmore (born 8 January 1942) are artists who work together as the collaborative art duo Gilbert & George. They are known for their formal appearance ...

1973 Edition

From the 15th of September to the 21st of October 1973, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Les artistes anonymes, Michael Asher, Groupe 70,

, Anne et Patrick Poirier, Telewissen Groupe, Druga Grupa, Christian Jaccard, Markus Lüppertz, Goran Trbuljak, François Rouan, Douwe Jan Bakker, György Jovánovics, James Coleman, Denis Rivière, Düsseldorfer Szene, Pedro Uhart.

1975 Edition

From the 19th of September to the 2nd of November 1975, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris, Palais Galliera : Gordon Matta-Clark, Eventstructure Research Group, Antoni Muntadas, Marina Abramovic, John M. Armleder,

, Luciano Castelli, Valie Export,

Terry Fox Terrance Stanley Fox (July 28, 1958June 28, 1981) was a Canadian athlete, humanitarian, and cancer research activist. In 1980, having had one leg amputated due to cancer, he embarked on a cross-Canada run to raise money and awareness for can ...

, Rébecca Horn, Urs Lüthi, Krzysztof Wodiczko, Noël Dolla,

COUM Transmissions COUM Transmissions was a music and performance art collective who operated in the United Kingdom from 1969 through to 1976. The collective was influenced by the Dada and surrealism artistic movements, the writers of the Beat Generation, and under ...

(

Genesis P-Orridge Genesis Breyer P-Orridge (born Neil Andrew Megson; 22 February 1950 – 14 March 2020) was an English singer-songwriter, musician, poet, performance artist, visual artist, and occultist who rose to notoriety as the founder of the COUM Transmi ...

et Cosey Fanni Tutti).

1977 Edition

From the 17th of September to the 1st of November 1977,

Palais de Tokyo The Palais de Tokyo (''Tokyo Palace'') is a building dedicated to modern and contemporary art, located at 13 avenue du Président-Wilson, facing the Trocadéro, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. The eastern wing of the building belongs to ...

, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris :

Laurie Anderson Laura Phillips "Laurie" Anderson (born June 5, 1947) is an American avant-garde artist, musician and filmmaker whose work encompasses performance art, pop music, and multimedia projects. Initially trained in violin and sculpting,Amirkhanian, Cha ...

, Raymonde Arcier, Sandro Chia,

Francesco Clemente Francesco Clemente (born 23 March 1952) is an Italian contemporary artist. He has lived at various times in Italy, India and New York City. Some of his work is influenced by the traditional art and culture of India. He has worked in various a ...

, Tina Girouard,

Anselm Kiefer Anselm Kiefer (born 8 March 1945) is a German painter and sculptor. He studied with Peter Dreher and Horst Antes at the end of the 1960s. His works incorporate materials such as straw, ash, clay, lead, and shellac. The poems of Paul Celan h ...

Annette Messager Annette Messager (born 30 November 1943) is a French visual artist. She is known for championing the techniques and materials of outsider art. In 2005, she won the Golden Lion Award at the Venice Biennale for her artwork at the French pavilion, F ...

, Claudio Parmiggiani,

Adrian Piper Adrian Margaret Smith Piper (born September 20, 1948) is an American conceptual artist and Kantian philosopher. Her work addresses how and why those involved in more than one discipline may experience professional ostracism, otherness, racial ...

, Claude Sandoz, Groupe 143, Groupe de 4, Groupe Untel.

1980 Edition

From the 20th of September to the 2nd of November 1980, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Sophie Calle, Alain Fleischer, Gloria Friedmann,

Mimmo Paladino Mimmo Paladino (born in Paduli on 18 December 1948) is an Italian sculptor, painter and printmaker. He is a leading name in the Transvanguardia artistic movement and one of the many European artists to revive Expressionism in the 1980s. Biograp ...

, Paul Devautour,

Tony Oursler Tony Oursler (born 1957) is an American multimedia and installation artist married to Jacqueline Humphries. He completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts at the California Institute of the Arts, Valencia, California, in 1979. His art covers a range of med ...

, Martine Aballéa, Groupe Normal, Groupe Etcetera, Paisaje Imaginario, Saeta om production, Socialist Patient Kollective, ATEM, ECART, System'art, Milton Becerra.

1982 Edition

From the 2nd of October to the 14th of November 1982, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris : Guillaume Bijl, Groupe CADA, Philippe Favier, Groupe FRIGO, Claude Leveque, Georges Rousse, Groupe Zardee, Bill Woodrow, Anish Kapoor, Non Groupe, Groupe Dioptre, Peter d'Agostino, Collaborative Work, Die Tödliche Doris, Yann Minh, Un Drame Musical Instantané.

1985 Edition

From the 21st of March to the 21st of May 1985, Grande halle de la Villette : John Ahearn, Robert Ashley, John Baldessari, Józef Czapski, Richard Deacon,

Luciano Fabro Luciano Fabro (November 20, 1936 – June 22, 2007) was an Italian sculptor, conceptual artist and writer associated with the Arte Povera movement. Life Fabro was born in Turin, and he moved to Udine, in the Friuli region after his father's d ...

, Peter Fischli,

Jenny Holzer Jenny Holzer (born July 29, 1950) is an American neo-conceptual artist, based in Hoosick, New York. Her work focuses on the delivery of words and ideas in public spaces and includes large-scale installations, advertising billboards, projectio ...

, Anish Kapoor,

Joseph Kosuth Joseph Kosuth (; born January 31, 1945) is a Hungarian-American conceptual artist, who lives in New York and Venice,

Nam June Paik Nam June Paik (; July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a South Korean artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the founder of video art. He is credited with the first use (1974) of the term "electronic super highway" ...

Per Kirkeby Per Kirkeby (1 September 1938 – 9 May 2018) was a Danish Painting, painter, poet, film maker and sculptor. His works have been exhibited worldwide and are represented in many important public collections, including the Tate, Metropolitan Museum ...

, Bertrand Lavier,

Roberto Matta Roberto Sebastián Antonio Matta Echaurren (; November 11, 1911 – November 23, 2002), usually known simply as Matta, also as Sebastián Matta or Roberto Matta, was one of Chile's best-known Painting, painters and a seminal figure in 20th ...

, Mario Merz, Reinhard Mucha,

Gerhard Richter Gerhard Richter (; born 9 February 1932) is a German visual artist. Richter has produced Abstract art, abstract as well as photorealistic paintings, photographs and Glass art, glass pieces. He is widely regarded as one of the most important con ...

Julian Schnabel Julian Schnabel (born October 26, 1951) is an American painter and filmmaker. In the 1980s, he received international attention for his "plate paintings"—with broken ceramic plates set onto large-scale paintings. Since the 1990s, he has been a ...

Frank Stella Frank Philip Stella (May 12, 1936 – May 4, 2024) was an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker, noted for his work in the areas of minimalism and post-painterly abstraction. He lived and worked in New York City for much of his career befor ...

Jeff Wall Jeffrey Wall, Order of Canada, OC, Royal Society of Canada, RSA (born September 29, 1946) is a Canadian photographer. He is artist best known for his large-scale back-lit Cibachrome photographs and art history writing. Early in his career, he h ...

Keith Haring Keith Allen Haring (May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an American artist whose pop art emerged from the Graffiti in New York City, New York City graffiti subculture of the 1980s. His animated imagery has "become a widely recognized visual l ...

2004 Edition

From the 20th of February to the 15th of March 2004, Paris et ailleurs : Ikhéa©services, Ricardo Mbarak, Ultralab, Le Club des pêcheurs, Musée du point de vue, Musée des dommages, musée des nuages, EAMO, Paul Robert-coureur de fond, Thermo-hygrographe, École du vin de Paris, , Supernova, Soussan Ltd, Visualinguistic, GRNC, IPAC, N55.

2006-2008 Edition

From the 1st of October 2006 to the 30th of September 2008, Paris, varied countries and regions :Soussan Ltd, Jean-Baptiste Farkas, Alexandre Gurita, François Deck, Ricardo Mbarkho, Glitch, Gary Bigot, Geoff Bunn, Brian Holmes, OSTSA, Courants Faibles, Au Travail/At Work, Paul Robert, Karen Andreassian, Hubert Renard, RS, Microcollection, musée des nuages,

Michel Chevalier Michel Chevalier (; 13 January 1806 – 18 November 1879) was a French engineer, statesman, economist and free market liberal. Biography Born in Limoges, Haute-Vienne, Chevalier studied at the ''École Polytechnique'', obtaining an engineering ...

, Olivier Darné, Bernard Delville, Sabine Falk, Dominic Gagnon, Karine Lebrun, La Chèvre Phénomène, Saint-Thomas l'Imposteur, André Éric Létourneau, Florian Brochec, Nana Petzet, That's Painting Productions, Les Somnatistes, Liliane Viala, Stephen Wright, Jean-Claude Moineau.

Exhibitions of the 2006-2008 Biennale de Paris

* The XV Biennale de Paris at the Art Gallery of

Knoxville Knoxville is a city in Knox County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the Tennessee River and had a population of 190,740 at the 2020 United States census. It is the largest city in the East Tennessee Grand Division ...

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

» * That's Painting Productions

Creeds

* Orientations - The Biennale de Paris rejects exhibitions and art objects. It refuses to be "thought by art". It identifies and defends true alternatives. It calls for "non-standard practices" * Strategy - To be liquid. If the ground floor is occupied, occupy the floor below. * An Invisual Art - No serious proof exists that art is dependent on the art object. We can therefore assume the opposite. The Biennale de Paris promotes invisual practices which do not need to be seen to exist. The invisual is visible but not as art. * A Non-Artistic Art - The Biennale de Paris defends an art which does not obey the common criteria for art: creative, emotive, aesthetic, spectacular... * An Art which Operates in Everyday Reality - The Biennale de Paris promotes practices that relegate art to the background in order to conquer everyday reality. * A Public of Indifference - With the Biennale de Paris there are no more art spectacles. The Biennale addresses what it calls "a public of indifference": persons who, consciously or accidentally, interact with propositions that can no longer be identified as artistic. * A Unified Criticism - Organised as a network, the Biennale de Paris constitutes a critical mass composed of hundreds of initiatives, which would otherwise have been isolated and without impact. * A Horizontal Institution - The Biennale de Paris works horizontally. To participate means to become a partner. As such each partner decides the conditions linked to his or her proposed activities. This decision-making power acts on the structure and state of mind of the Biennale.

Curators, art historians, art theoricians, art critics since 1959

Catherine Millet Catherine Millet (; born 1 April 1948) is a French writer, art critic, curator, and founder and editor of the magazine ''Art Press'', which focuses on modern art and contemporary art. Biography Born in Bois-Colombes, France, she is best known ...

, Alfred Pacquement, Jean-Marc Poinsot, Daniel Abadie, Lucy R. Lippard, Pontus Hulten, Gérald Gassiot-Talabot,

Achille Bonito Oliva Achille Bonito Oliva (born 1939) is an Italian art critic and historian of contemporary art. Since 1968 he has taught history of contemporary art at La Sapienza, the university of Rome. He has written extensively on contemporary art and contemp ...

, Pierre Restany, Pierre Courcelles, Paul Ardenne, Stephen Wright, Francesco Masci, Brian Holmes, Elisabeth Lebovici.

From 1959 to 2008, the Biennale de Paris presented works of artists such as

A

Alberto Gironella,

Alighiero Boetti Alighiero Fabrizio Boetti, known as Alighiero e Boetti (16 December 1940 – 24 April 1994) was an Italian Conceptual Art, conceptual artist, considered to be a member of the art movement Arte Povera. Background Boetti is most famous for a se ...

, André Éric Létourneau, Anish Kapoor,

B

Bernard Brunon (That's Painting Productions), Bernard Delville, Bureau d'Etudes,

C

Chinnapan Jesudoss Anthony Doss,

, Cosey Fanni Tutti,

D-F

, Daniel Buren, Dominic Gagnon, Florian Brochec, Francois Deck,

G

Gage Taylor (1975 he was featured in the Paris Biennalle at the Museum of Modern Art ("Mindscapes From The New Land")) Gary Bigot,

, Giulio Paolini, Gordon Matta-Clark,

H-I

Horst Antes, Hubert Renard, Ian Burn,

J

Jan Middlebos, Jayant Parikh, Jean-Baptiste Farkas, Johannes Heisig, John M. Armleder,

Joseph Kosuth Joseph Kosuth (; born January 31, 1945) is a Hungarian-American conceptual artist, who lives in New York and Venice,

K

Karen Andreassian, Karine Lebrun, Kees Brusse,

L

La Bergerie, La Chèvre Phénomène,

, Les Somnatistes, Liliane Viala,

M

Marcel Duchamp Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (, ; ; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, Futurism and conceptual art. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Pica ...

, Mario Merz,

, Michelangelo Pistoletto, Microcollection,

N-O

, Nana Petzet (That's Painting Productions) Niele Toroni, Olivier Darné, OSTSA,

P

, Paratene Matchitt, Park Seo-Bo, Paul Robert,

R

René Daniëls, Ricardo Mbarkho,

Robert Smithson Robert Smithson (January 2, 1938 – July 20, 1973) was an American artist known for sculpture and land art who often used drawing and photography in relation to the spatial arts. His work has been internationally exhibited in galleries and mu ...

, Rodolfo Nieto, Rolf Glasmeier,

S

Sabine Falk, Sadequain Saint-Thomas l'Imposteur,

Sérgio de Camargo Sérgio de Camargo (April 8, 1930 – 1990) was a sculptor and relief maker, born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sergio De Camargo studied at the Academia Altamira in Buenos Aires under Emilio Pettoruti and Lucio Fontana. Camargo also studied philo ...

, Soussan Ltd,

T-Y

Thierry Boutonnier, Visualinguistic, Winston Branch, Wolf Vostell, Yasuo Mizui,

Yves Klein Yves Klein (; 28 April 1928 – 6 June 1962) was a French artist and an important figure in post-war European art. He was a leading member of the French artistic movement of Nouveau réalisme founded in 1960 by art critic Pierre Restany. Klein wa ...

References

Associated institutions

* Archives de la Critique d’Art in Rennes
Official website
* L'Ecole Nationale d'Art de Paris
Official website
* The Kandinsky Library
Official website
* Decentralized Invisual Art Market
Official website
* Centre de Documentation, de Recherche et d’Application des Offensives
Official website
* Institut de Recherche Internationale en Anthropologie de la Singularité
Official website

External links

Biennale de Paris, Official website

Paris Biennale (France) , Biennial Foundation
{{Use dmy dates, date=March 2017 Arts festivals in France Festivals in Paris