Baindari (
Manchu
The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...
: ; ) (died 1607) was a
Jurchen ''beile'' (chieftain) of the
Hoifa tribal confederation.
He was a member of the Nara clan although his ancestors were originally members of the Ikderi clan and belonged originally to the Nimaca tribe on the banks of the
Amur river
The Amur River () or Heilong River ( zh, s=黑龙江) is a perennial river in Northeast Asia, forming the natural border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China (historically the Outer and Inner Manchuria). The Amur ''proper'' is ...
. Migrating southward, they put themselves under the protection of some Nara clansmen. Then, after slaying seven oxen in a sacrifice to Heaven, they exchanged their own name for that of their protectors. Six generations later, his grandfather Wangginu, consolidated his position by establishing a settlement at Mount HÅ«rki on the
Huifa river
The Huifa River () is a 267.7-km-long tributary of the Second Songhua River in center Northeast China. The source of river is located in Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County of Liaoning Province and flows generally from west to east across Meihekouã ...
, where the natural advantages of his location enabled him to withstand repeated attacks from the Mongols.
On the death of his grandfather Wangginu, who was beile of the Hoifa, Baindari murdered seven uncles who might have stood in his way and proclaimed himself beile of the Hoifa. In 1593, he joined the Hoifa with the tribes of Yehe, Hada, Ula, Khorchin, Sibe, Guwalca, Jušeri, and Neyen against
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty.
As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi ...
. This alliance led by
Narimbulu of the
Yehe would prove unsuccessful as Nurhaci defeated the allied tribes at the Battle of Gure. In 1595, Nurhaci retaliated by killing two of Baindari's generals and taking the town of Dobi. In 1597 the
HÅ«lun
HÅ«lun gurun (Manchu: , ) was a powerful confederacy of Haixi Jurchen tribes in the late 16th century, based primarily in modern Jilin province of China.
The HÅ«lun confederacy was formed by Hada-nara Wang-tai (d. 1582), the leader of the Hada ...
tribes agreed on a truce with Nurhaci and thereafter Baindari, whose territory was situated between the Yehe towns and Nurhaci's center of operations, wavered in allegiance from one to the other, finally deciding to trust in the impregnability of his city to defend him against both. In 1607, however, Nurhaci invaded the region, killed Baindari and his son, and thus conquered the Hoifa tribe.
References
* {{cite ECCP , title=Baindari , first=George A. , last=Kennedy , authorlink=George A. Kennedy (sinologist)
Jurchens in the Ming dynasty