In
enzymology
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
, a 2-hydroxyglutarate synthase () is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that
catalyzes
Catalysis () is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed by the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recycles quick ...
the
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemistry, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an Gibbs free energy, ...
:propanoyl-CoA + H
2O + glyoxylate
2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA
The 3
substrates of this enzyme are
propanoyl-CoA,
H2O, and
glyoxylate
Glyoxylic acid or oxoacetic acid is an organic compound. Together with acetic acid, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid is one of the C2 carboxylic acids. It is a colourless solid that occurs naturally and is useful industrially.
Str ...
, whereas its two
products
Product may refer to:
Business
* Product (business), an item that can be offered to a market to satisfy the desire or need of a customer.
* Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution
...
are
2-hydroxyglutarate and
CoA.
This
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
belongs to the family of
transferase
In biochemistry, a transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved ...
s, specifically those
acyltransferases
Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups.
Examples include:
* Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases
* Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase
* Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
*Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyl ...
that convert acyl groups into alkyl groups on transfer. The
systematic name
A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature.
A semisystematic name or semitrivi ...
of this enzyme class is propanoyl-CoA:glyoxylate C-propanoyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, 2-carboxyethyl-forming). Other names in common use include 2-hydroxyglutaratic synthetase, 2-hydroxyglutaric synthetase, alpha-hydroxyglutarate synthase, hydroxyglutarate synthase, and 2-hydroxyglutarate glyoxylate-lyase (CoA-propanoylating). This enzyme participates in
c5-branched dibasic acid metabolism.
See also
*
D2HGDH
D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''D2HGDH'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of ...
*
L2HGDH
L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''L2HGDH'' gene, also known as C14orf160, on chromosome 14.
Function
This gene encodes L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, a flavin adenine dinuc ...
*
2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase
2-hydroxyglutarage dehydrogenase may refer to the following:
* L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase
In enzymology, an L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
:(S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor \right ...
*
2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria
2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by the significantly elevated levels of hydroxyglutaric acid in one's urine. It is either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant.
Presentation
The signs/symptoms of thi ...
*
Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase
References
*
EC 2.3.3
Enzymes of unknown structure
{{2.3-enzyme-stub