The 103rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

from January 3, 1993, to January 3, 1995, during the final weeks of George H. W. Bush's presidency and the first two years of Bill Clinton's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often c ...

was based on the Twenty-first Census of the United States in 1990. This is the most recent Congress to have a Democratic senator from Texas,

Bob Krueger Robert Charles Krueger (September 19, 1935 – April 30, 2022) was an American diplomat, politician, and U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Texas, a U.S. Ambassador, and a member of the Democratic Party. , he was the last Democrat t ...

, who lost election to finish Lloyd Bentsen's term in 1993. Three Democratic senators from the state of Maine,

George J. Mitchell George John Mitchell Jr. (born August 20, 1933) is an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. A leading member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States senator from Maine from 1980 to 1995, and as Senate Majority Leader from 19 ...

, and the state of Tennessee,

Jim Sasser James Ralph Sasser (born September 30, 1936) is an American politician, diplomat, and attorney. A Democrat, Sasser served three terms as a United States senator from Tennessee from 1977 to 1995, and was Chairman of the Senate Budget Committee. ...

and Harlan Mathews, only Sasser lost re-election and the other two retired in 1994, respectively. In addition, a Democratic senator from the state of Oklahoma,

David Boren David Lyle Boren (born April 21, 1941) is a retired American lawyer and politician from the state of Oklahoma. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as 21st governor of Oklahoma from 1975 to 1979 and three terms in the United States Sen ...

, resigned in the final weeks of the Congress. Both chambers maintained a Democratic majority, and with

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...

being sworn in as

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

on January 20, 1993, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government

trifecta file:Trifecta.svg, Trifecta A trifecta is a parimutuel betting, parimutuel bet placed on a horse race in which the bettor must predict which horses will finish first, second, and third, in the exact order. Known as a trifecta in the US and Austra ...

for the first time since the

96th Congress The 96th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 197 ...

in 1979.

Major events

* January 20, 1993:

became

42nd 4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. In mathematics Four is the smallest c ...

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...

. * February 26, 1993:

World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing was a terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City, U.S., carried out on February 26, 1993, when a van bomb detonated below the North Tower of the complex. The urea nitrate–hydrogen gas en ...

: In

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...

, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the World Trade Center exploded, killing 6 and injuring over 1,000. * February 28, 1993:

Waco siege The Waco siege, also known as the Waco massacre, was the law enforcement siege of the compound that belonged to the religious sect Branch Davidians. It was carried out by the U.S. federal government, Texas state law enforcement, and the U.S. ...

: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents raided the

Branch Davidian The Branch Davidians (or the General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventists) were an apocalyptic new religious movement founded in 1955 by Benjamin Roden. They regard themselves as a continuation of the General Association of ...

compound in

Waco, Texas Waco ( ) is the county seat of McLennan County, Texas, United States. It is situated along the Brazos River and I-35, halfway between Dallas and Austin. The city had a 2020 population of 138,486, making it the 22nd-most populous city in the st ...

, with a warrant to arrest leader

David Koresh David Koresh (; born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader who played a central role in the Waco siege of 1993. As the head of the Branch Davidians, a religious sect and offshoot of the Davidian Se ...

on federal firearms violations. Four agents and 5 Davidians died in the raid. * April 19, 1993:

: The 51-day standoff ended with a fire that killed 76 people, including Koresh. * October 3, 1993:

Operation Gothic Serpent Operation Gothic Serpent was a military operation conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia, by an American force code-named ''Task Force Ranger'' during the Somali Civil War in 1993. The primary objective of the operation was to capture Mohamed Farra ...

: In

Mogadishu, Somalia Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, مقديشو ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port connecting traders across the Indian Oc ...

, two

U.S. Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cl ...

UH-60 Blackhawk The Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk is a four-blade, twin-engine, medium-lift utility military helicopter manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft. Sikorsky submitted the S-70 design for the United States Army's Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System ( ...

s were shot down and the operation left over 1000 Somalis dead and over 73 Americans WIA, 19 KIA, and 1 captured. * January 17, 1994:

1994 Northridge earthquake The 1994 Northridge earthquake was a moment 6.7 (), blind thrust earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1994, at 4:30:55 a.m. PST in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles. The quake had a duration of approximately 1 ...

: A magnitude 6.7 quake hit the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles at 4:31 a.m., killing 72 and leaving 26,029 homeless. * February 22, 1994:

Aldrich Ames Aldrich Hazen "Rick" Ames (; born May 26, 1941) is a former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer turned KGB double agent, who was convicted of espionage in 1994. He is serving a life sentence, without the possibility of parole, in the Federa ...

and his wife were arrested for spying for the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

. * February 28, 1994: 4 United States fighter jets shot down 4 Serbian jets over

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...

for violating

Operation Deny Flight Operation Deny Flight was a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) operation that began on 12 April 1993 as the enforcement of a United Nations (UN) no-fly zone over Bosnia and Herzegovina. The United Nations and NATO later expanded the mis ...

and its no-fly zone. * September 19, 1994:

Operation Uphold Democracy Operation Uphold Democracy was a military intervention designed to remove the military regime installed by the 1991 Haitian coup d'état that overthrew the elected President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. The operation was effectively authorized by t ...

: American troops staged a bloodless invasion of Haiti to restore the elected president to power. * October 1, 1994:

Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the ...

achieved independence and became an

associated state An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory (some dependent, most fully sovereign states) and a major party—usually a larger nation. The details of such free association are contain ...

under the

Compact of Free Association The Compact of Free Association (COFA) is an international agreement establishing and governing the relationships of free association between the United States and the three Pacific Island sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia (F ...

. * November 8, 1994: Republican Revolution: The Republican Party won control of both the House and the Senate in midterm congressional elections, the first time in 40 years the Republicans secured control of both houses of Congress.

Major legislation

* February 5, 1993:

Family and Medical Leave Act The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) is a United States labor law requiring covered employers to provide employees with job-protected, unpaid leave for qualified medical and family reasons. The FMLA was a major part of President Bill C ...

, , * May 20, 1993: National Voter Registration Act of 1993, , * August 10, 1993:

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 (or OBRA-93) was a federal law that was enacted by the 103rd United States Congress and signed into law by President Bill Clinton on August 10, 1993. It has also been unofficially referred to as the Def ...

, , * September 21, 1993: AmeriCorps, , * November 16, 1993:

Religious Freedom Restoration Act The Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, Pub. L. No. 103-141, 107 Stat. 1488 (November 16, 1993), codified at through (also known as RFRA, pronounced "rifra"), is a 1993 United States federal law that "ensures that interests in religiou ...

, , * November 30, 1993:

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act ( Pub.L. 103–159, 107 Stat. 1536, enacted November 30, 1993), often referred to as the Brady Act or the Brady Bill, is an Act of the United States Congress that mandated federal background checks on ...

(Brady Bill), , title I, * November 30, 1993:

Don't ask, don't tell "Don't ask, don't tell" (DADT) was the official United States policy on military service of non-heterosexual people, instituted during the Clinton administration. The policy was issued under Department of Defense Directive 1304.26 on Decemb ...

(as § 574 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994), , * December 8, 1993:

North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA ; es, Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, TLCAN; french: Accord de libre-échange nord-américain, ALÉNA) was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that crea ...

, , * December 17, 1993:

FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993 The FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993 was enacted as a law of the United States enhancing prior statutory provisions which govern international relations between the former Republics of the Soviet Union and United States during the Cold War. The Act of Con ...

, , * March 31, 1994 The Goals 2000: Educate America Act * May 26, 1994:

Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act The Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act (FACE or the Access Act, Pub. L. No. 103-259, 108 Stat. 694) (May 26, 1994, ) is a United States law that was signed by President Bill Clinton in May 1994, which prohibits the following three things: ...

, , * September 13, 1994:

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, commonly referred to as the 1994 Crime Bill, the Clinton Crime Bill, or the Biden Crime Law, is an Act of Congress dealing with crime and law enforcement; it became law in 1994. It is t ...

(including the

Violence Against Women Act The Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA) is a United States federal law (Title IV of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, ) signed by President Bill Clinton on September 13, 1994. The Act provided $1.6 billion toward investi ...

and the Federal Assault Weapons Ban), , * October 20, 1994:

Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 {{Infobox U.S. legislation , shorttitle = Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 , othershorttitles = {{unbulleted list, Alaska Native Educational Equity, Support and Assistance Act, Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellowship Act o ...

, * October 25, 1994

Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA), also known as the "Digital Telephony Act," is a United States wiretapping law passed in 1994, during the presidency of Bill Clinton (Pub. L. No. 103-414, 108 Stat. 4279, codified at 47 ...

* October 31, 1994

California Desert Protection Act of 1994 The California Desert Protection Act of 1994 is a federal law () sponsored by Senator Dianne Feinstein, passed by the United States Congress on October 8, 1994, and signed into effect by President Bill Clinton on October 31 of the same year, that ...

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Dan Quayle James Danforth Quayle (; born February 4, 1947) is an American politician who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush. A member of the Republican Party, Quayle served as a U.S. ...

(R), until January 20, 1993 **

Al Gore Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician, businessman, and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. Gore was the Democratic no ...

(D), from January 20, 1993 * President pro tempore:

Robert Byrd Robert Carlyle Byrd (born Cornelius Calvin Sale Jr.; November 20, 1917 – June 28, 2010) was an American politician and musician who served as a United States senator from West Virginia for over 51 years, from 1959 until his death in 2010. A ...

(D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Majority Leader In U.S. politics (as well as in some other countries utilizing the presidential system), the majority floor leader is a partisan position in a legislative body.

and Policy Committee Chairman: George Mitchell *

Majority Whip A whip is an official of a political party whose task is to ensure party discipline in a legislature. This means ensuring that members of the party vote according to the party platform, rather than according to their own individual ideology ...

Wendell Ford Wendell Hampton Ford (September 8, 1924 – January 22, 2015) was an American politician from the Commonwealth of Kentucky. He served for twenty-four years in the U.S. Senate and was the 53rd Governor of Kentucky. He was the first person to be ...

* Senatorial Campaign Committee Chair: Bob Graham * Democratic Caucus Secretary:

David Pryor David Hampton Pryor (born August 29, 1934) is an American politician and former Democratic United States Representative and United States Senator from the State of Arkansas. Pryor also served as the 39th Governor of Arkansas from 1975 to 1979 a ...

* Policy Committee Co-Chair:

Harry Reid Harry Mason Reid Jr. (; December 2, 1939 – December 28, 2021) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States senator from Nevada from 1987 to 2017. He led the Senate Democratic Caucus from 2005 to 2017 and was the Sena ...

* Chief Deputy Whip:

John Breaux John Berlinger Breaux (; born March 1, 1944) is an American lobbyist, attorney, and retired politician who was a member of the United States Senate from Louisiana from 1987 until 2005. He was also a member of the U.S. House of Representatives f ...

Minority (Republican) leadership

* Minority Leader: Bob Dole *

Minority Whip The positions of majority leader and minority leader are held by two United States senators and members of the party leadership of the United States Senate. They serve as the chief spokespersons for their respective political parties holdin ...

: Alan Simpson * Republican Conference Chairman:

Thad Cochran William Thad Cochran (; December 7, 1937 – May 30, 2019) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States Senator for Mississippi from 1978 until his resignation due to health issues in 2018. A Republican, he previously ...

* Policy Committee Chairman:

Don Nickles Donald Lee Nickles (born December 6, 1948) is an American politician and lobbyist who was a Republican United States Senator from Oklahoma from 1981 to 2005. He was considered both a fiscal and social conservative. After retiring from the Senat ...

* Republican Conference Vice-Chairman:

Trent Lott Chester Trent Lott Sr. (born October 9, 1941) is an American lawyer, author, and politician. A former United States Senator from Mississippi, Lott served in numerous leadership positions in both the United States House of Representatives and the ...

* National Senatorial Committee Chair: Phil Gramm

House of Representatives

Speaker Speaker may refer to: Society and politics * Speaker (politics), the presiding officer in a legislative assembly * Public speaker, one who gives a speech or lecture * A person producing speech: the producer of a given utterance, especially: ** I ...

Tom Foley Thomas Stephen Foley (March 6, 1929 – October 18, 2013) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 49th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1989 to 1995. A member of the Democratic Party, Foley represen ...

(D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Majority Leader In U.S. politics (as well as in some other countries utilizing the presidential system), the majority floor leader is a partisan position in a legislative body.

: Dick Gephardt *

David Bonior David Edward Bonior (born June 6, 1945) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. First elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, Bonior served as Democratic whip in the House from 1991 to 2002, during which time De ...

* Democratic Caucus Chairman: Steny Hoyer * Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman:

Vic Fazio Vic (; es, Vic or Pancracio Celdrán (2004). Diccionario de topónimos españoles y sus gentilicios (5ª edición). Madrid: Espasa Calpe. p. 843. ISBN 978-84-670-3054-9. «Vic o Vich (viquense, vigitano, vigatán, ausense, ausetano, ausonense) ...

* Deputy Majority Whips: Barbara Kennelly, Butler Derrick,

John Lewis John Robert Lewis (February 21, 1940 – July 17, 2020) was an American politician and civil rights activist who served in the United States House of Representatives for from 1987 until his death in 2020. He participated in the 1960 Nashville ...

, &

Bill Richardson William Blaine Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, author, and diplomat who served as the 30th governor of New Mexico from 2003 to 2011. He was also the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary ...

Minority (Republican) leadership

* Minority Leader: Bob Michel *

: Newt Gingrich * Chief Deputy Whip: Bob Walker * Republican Conference Chairman:

Dick Armey Richard Keith Armey (; born July 7, 1940) is an American economist and politician. He was a U.S. Representative from Texas's (1985–2003) and House Majority Leader (1995–2003). He was one of the engineers of the "Republican Revolution" of t ...

* Republican Conference Vice-Chairman:

Bill McCollum Ira William McCollum Jr. (born July 12, 1944) is an American lawyer and Republican Party politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1981 to 2001, representing Florida's 5th congressional district, which was la ...

* Republican Conference Secretary:

Tom DeLay Thomas Dale DeLay (; born April 8, 1947) is an American author and retired politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Texas's 22nd congressional district from 1985 until 2006. He was Republic ...

* Policy Committee Chairman:

Henry Hyde Henry John Hyde (April 18, 1924 – November 29, 2007) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2007, representing the 6th District of Illinois, an area of Chicago's ...

* Republican Campaign Committee Chairman:

Bill Paxon Leon William Paxon (born April 29, 1954) is an American lobbyist and former member of the United States House of Representatives from New York. Early life Paxon was born in Akron, New York, near Buffalo. At the age of 15, Paxon volunteered fo ...

Members

Iowa Iowa () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to th ...

: 2.

Tom Harkin Thomas Richard Harkin (born November 19, 1939) is an American lawyer, author, and politician who served as a United States senator from Iowa from 1985 to 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously was the U.S. representative for Io ...

(D) : 3.

Chuck Grassley Charles Ernest Grassley (born September 17, 1933) is an American politician serving as the president pro tempore emeritus of the United States Senate, and the senior United States senator from Iowa, having held the seat since 1981. In 2022, h ...

(R)

Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to th ...

: 2.

Nancy Kassebaum Nancy Jo Kassebaum Baker (née Landon; born July 29, 1932) is an American politician who represented the State of Kansas in the United States Senate from 1978 to 1997. She is the daughter of Alf Landon, who was Governor of Kansas from 1933 to 1 ...

(R) : 3. Bob Dole (R)

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

: 2. Mitch McConnell (R) : 3.

(D)

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...

: 2. J. Bennett Johnston (D) : 3.

(D)

: 1.

Donald Riegle Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. (born February 4, 1938) is an American politician, author, and businessman from Michigan. He served for five terms as a Representative and for three terms as a Senator in the U.S. Congress. Early life and family Donald W ...

(D) : 2. Carl Levin (D)

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

: 1.

David Durenberger David Ferdinand Durenberger (born August 19, 1934) is a retired American politician and attorney. Durenberger represented Minnesota in the United States Senate as a Republican from 1978 to 1995. He left the Republican Party in 2005 and has become ...

(R) : 2.

Paul Wellstone Paul David Wellstone (July 21, 1944 – October 25, 2002) was an American academic, author, and politician who represented Minnesota in the United States Senate from 1991 until he was killed in a plane crash near Eveleth, Minnesota, in 2002. A ...

: 1.

Bob Kerrey Joseph Robert Kerrey (born August 27, 1943) is an American politician who served as the 35th Governor of Nebraska from 1983 to 1987 and as a United States Senator from Nebraska from 1989 to 2001. Before entering politics, he served in the Vietna ...

(D) : 2. J. James Exon (D)

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, ...

: 1.

Richard Bryan Richard Hudson Bryan (born July 16, 1937) is an American attorney and politician who served as a United States Senator from Nevada from 1989 to 2001. A Democrat, Bryan served as the 25th Governor of Nevada from 1983 to 1989, and before that serv ...

(D) : 3.

(D)

New Hampshire New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the nor ...

: 2. Bob Smith (R) : 3.

Judd Gregg Judd Alan Gregg (born February 14, 1947) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 76th governor of New Hampshire from 1989 to 1993 and was a United States senator from New Hampshire; in the Senate, Gregg served as chairman of the S ...

(R)

List of United States senators from New Jersey, New Jersey

: 1. Frank Lautenberg (D) : 2. Bill Bradley (D)

List of United States senators from New Mexico, New Mexico

: 1. Jeff Bingaman (D) : 2. Pete Domenici (R)

List of United States senators from New York, New York

: 1. Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D) : 3. Al D'Amato (R)

List of United States senators from North Carolina, North Carolina

: 2. Jesse Helms (R) : 3. Lauch Faircloth (R)

List of United States senators from North Dakota, North Dakota

: 1. Kent Conrad (D-NPL) : 3. Byron Dorgan (D-NPL)

List of United States senators from Ohio, Ohio

: 1. Howard Metzenbaum (D) : 3. John Glenn (D)

List of United States senators from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: 2.

(D), until November 15, 1994 :: Jim Inhofe (R), from November 17, 1994 : 3.

(R)

List of United States senators from Oregon, Oregon

: 2. Mark Hatfield (R) : 3. Bob Packwood (R)

List of United States senators from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: 1. Harris Wofford (D) : 3. Arlen Specter (R)

List of United States senators from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: 1. John Chafee (R) : 2. Claiborne Pell (D)

List of United States senators from South Carolina, South Carolina

: 2. Strom Thurmond (R) : 3. Fritz Hollings (D)

List of United States senators from South Dakota, South Dakota

: 2. Larry Pressler (R) : 3. Tom Daschle (D)

List of United States senators from Tennessee, Tennessee

: 1.

(D) : 2. Harlan Mathews (D), until December 1, 1994 :: Fred Thompson (R), from December 2, 1994

List of United States senators from Texas, Texas

: 1. Lloyd Bentsen (D), until January 20, 1993 ::

(D), January 21, 1993 – June 14, 1993 :: Kay Bailey Hutchison (R), from June 14, 1993 : 2. Phil Gramm (R)

List of United States senators from Utah, Utah

: 1. Orrin Hatch (R) : 3. Bob Bennett (politician), Bob Bennett (R)

List of United States senators from Vermont, Vermont

: 1. Jim Jeffords (R) : 3. Patrick Leahy (D)

List of United States senators from Virginia, Virginia

: 1. Chuck Robb (D) : 2. John Warner (R)

List of United States senators from Washington, Washington

: 1. Slade Gorton (R) : 3. Patty Murray (D)

List of United States senators from West Virginia, West Virginia

: 1.

(D) : 2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

List of United States senators from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: 1. Herb Kohl (D) : 3. Russ Feingold (D)

List of United States senators from Wyoming, Wyoming

: 1. Malcolm Wallop (R) : 2. Alan Simpson (American politician), Alan Simpson (R) 103rd United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

United States congressional delegations from Alabama, Alabama

: . Sonny Callahan (R) : . Terry Everett (R) : . Glen Browder (D) : . Tom Bevill (D) : . Robert E. Cramer (D) : . Spencer Bachus (R) : . Earl Hilliard (D)

United States congressional delegations from Alaska, Alaska

: . Don Young (R)

United States congressional delegations from Arizona, Arizona

: . Sam Coppersmith (D) : . Ed Pastor (D) : . Bob Stump (R) : . Jon Kyl (R) : . Jim Kolbe (R) : . Karan English (D)

United States congressional delegations from Arkansas, Arkansas

: . Blanche Lincoln (D) : . Ray Thornton (D) : . Tim Hutchinson (R) : . Jay Dickey (R)

United States congressional delegations from California, California

: . Dan Hamburg (D) : . Wally Herger (R) : .

(D) : . John Doolittle (R) : . Bob Matsui (D) : . Lynn Woolsey (D) : . George Miller (California politician), George Miller (D) : . Nancy Pelosi (D) : . Ron Dellums (D) : . William P. Baker (R) : . Richard Pombo (R) : . Tom Lantos (D) : . Pete Stark (D) : . Anna Eshoo (D) : . Norman Mineta (D) : . Don Edwards (D) : . Leon Panetta (D), until January 22, 1993 :: Sam Farr (D), from June 8, 1993 : . Gary Condit (D) : . Richard H. Lehman (D) : . Cal Dooley (D) : . Bill Thomas (R) : . Michael Huffington (R) : . Elton Gallegly (R) : . Anthony Beilenson (D) : . Buck McKeon (R) : . Howard Berman (D) : . Carlos Moorhead (R) : . David Dreier (R) : . Henry Waxman (D) : . Xavier Becerra (D) : . Matthew G. Martínez (D) : . Julian Dixon (D) : . Lucille Roybal-Allard (D) : . Esteban Edward Torres (D) : . Maxine Waters (D) : . Jane Harman (D) : . Walter R. Tucker III (D) : . Stephen Horn (R) : . Ed Royce (R) : . Jerry Lewis (California politician), Jerry Lewis (R) : . Jay Kim (R) : . George Brown Jr. (D) : . Ken Calvert (R) : . Al McCandless (R) : . Dana Rohrabacher (R) : . Bob Dornan (R) : . Christopher Cox (R) : . Ron Packard (R) : . Lynn Schenk (D) : . Bob Filner (D) : . Duke Cunningham (R) : . Duncan L. Hunter (R)

United States congressional delegations from Colorado, Colorado

: . Pat Schroeder (D) : . David Skaggs (D) : . Scott McInnis (R) : . Wayne Allard (R) : . Joel Hefley (R) : . Dan Schaefer (R)

United States congressional delegations from Connecticut, Connecticut

: . Barbara B. Kennelly (D) : . Sam Gejdenson (D) : . Rosa DeLauro (D) : . Chris Shays (R) : . Gary A. Franks (R) : . Nancy Johnson (R)

United States congressional delegations from Delaware, Delaware

: . Mike Castle (R)

United States congressional delegations from Florida, Florida

: . Earl Hutto (D) : . Pete Peterson (D) : . Corrine Brown (D) : . Tillie Fowler (R) : . Karen Thurman (D) : . Cliff Stearns (R) : . John Mica (R) : .

(R) : . Michael Bilirakis (R) : . Bill Young (R) : . Sam M. Gibbons (D) : . Charles T. Canady (R) : . Dan Miller (Florida politician), Dan Miller (R) : . Porter Goss (R) : . Jim Bacchus (D) : . Tom Lewis (American politician), Tom Lewis (R) : . Carrie Meek (D) : . Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R) : . Harry Johnston (American politician), Harry Johnston (D) : . Peter Deutsch (D) : . Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R) : . Clay Shaw (politician), Clay Shaw (R) : . Alcee Hastings (D)

United States congressional delegations from Georgia, Georgia

: . Jack Kingston (R) : . Sanford Bishop (D) : . Mac Collins (R) : . John Linder (R) : .

(D) : . Newt Gingrich (R) : . George Darden (D) : . J. Roy Rowland (D) : . Nathan Deal (D) : . Don Johnson Jr. (D) : . Cynthia McKinney (D)

United States congressional delegations from Hawaii, Hawaii

: . Neil Abercrombie (D) : . Patsy Mink (D)

United States congressional delegations from Idaho, Idaho

: . Larry LaRocco (D) : . Mike Crapo (R)

United States congressional delegations from Illinois, Illinois

: . Bobby Rush (D) : . Mel Reynolds (D) : . Bill Lipinski (D) : . Luis Gutiérrez (D) : . Dan Rostenkowski (D) : .

(R) : . Cardiss Collins (D) : . Phil Crane (R) : . Sidney R. Yates (D) : . John Porter (Illinois politician), John Porter (R) : . George E. Sangmeister (D) : . Jerry Costello (D) : . Harris W. Fawell (R) : . Dennis Hastert (R) : . Thomas W. Ewing (R) : . Don Manzullo (R) : . Lane Evans (D) : . Robert Michel (R) : . Glenn Poshard (D) : . Dick Durbin (D)

United States congressional delegations from Indiana, Indiana

: . Pete Visclosky (D) : . Philip Sharp (politician), Philip Sharp (D) : . Tim Roemer (D) : . Jill L. Long (D) : . Steve Buyer (R) : . Dan Burton (R) : . John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers (R) : . Frank McCloskey (D) : . Lee H. Hamilton (D) : . Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D)

United States congressional delegations from Iowa, Iowa

: . Jim Leach (R) : . Jim Nussle (R) : . Jim Ross Lightfoot (R) : . Neal Edward Smith (D) : . Fred Grandy (R)

United States congressional delegations from Kansas, Kansas

: . Pat Roberts (R) : . Jim Slattery (D) : . Jan Meyers (R) : . Dan Glickman (D)

United States congressional delegations from Kentucky, Kentucky

: . Thomas Barlow (Kentucky politician), Tom Barlow (D) : . William Natcher (D), until March 29, 1994 :: Ron Lewis (R), from May 24, 1994 : . Romano Mazzoli (D) : . Jim Bunning (R) : . Hal Rogers (R) : . Scotty Baesler (D)

United States congressional delegations from Louisiana, Louisiana

: . Bob Livingston (R) : . William J. Jefferson (D) : . Billy Tauzin (D) : . Cleo Fields (D) : . Jim McCrery (R) : . Richard Baker (American politician), Richard H. Baker (R) : . Jimmy Hayes (D)

United States congressional delegations from Maine, Maine

: . Thomas Andrews (American politician), Thomas Andrews (D) : . Olympia Snowe (R)

United States congressional delegations from Maryland, Maryland

: . Wayne Gilchrest (R) : . Helen Delich Bentley (R) : . Ben Cardin (D) : . Albert Wynn (D) : . Steny Hoyer (D) : . Roscoe Bartlett (R) : . Kweisi Mfume (D) : . Connie Morella (R)

United States congressional delegations from Massachusetts, Massachusetts

: . John Olver (D) : . Richard Neal (D) : . Peter I. Blute (R) : . Barney Frank (D) : . Marty Meehan (D) : . Peter G. Torkildsen (R) : . Ed Markey (D) : . Joseph P. Kennedy II (D) : . Joe Moakley (D) : . Gerry Studds (D)

United States congressional delegations from Michigan, Michigan

: . Bart Stupak (D) : . Pete Hoekstra (R) : . Paul B. Henry (R), until July 31, 1993 :: Vern Ehlers (R), from December 7, 1993 : . Dave Camp (R) : . James A. Barcia (D) : . Fred Upton (R) : . Nick Smith (American politician), Nick Smith (R) : . Milton Robert Carr (D) : . Dale Kildee (D) : .

(D) : . Joe Knollenberg (R) : . Sander Levin (D) : . William D. Ford (D) : . John Conyers (D) : . Barbara-Rose Collins (D) : . John Dingell (D)

United States congressional delegations from Minnesota, Minnesota

: . Tim Penny (DFL) : . David Minge (DFL) : . Jim Ramstad (R) : . Bruce Vento (DFL) : . Martin Olav Sabo (DFL) : . Rod Grams (R) : . Collin Peterson (DFL) : . Jim Oberstar (DFL)

United States congressional delegations from Mississippi, Mississippi

: . Jamie Whitten (D) : . Mike Espy (D), until January 22, 1993 :: Bennie Thompson (D), from April 13, 1993 : . Sonny Montgomery (D) : . Michael Parker (politician), Michael Parker (D) : . Gene Taylor (Mississippi politician), Gene Taylor (D)

United States congressional delegations from Missouri, Missouri

: . Bill Clay (D) : . Jim Talent (R) : . Dick Gephardt (D) : . Ike Skelton (D) : . Alan Wheat (D) : . Pat Danner (D) : . Mel Hancock (R) : . Bill Emerson (R) : . Harold Volkmer (D)

United States congressional delegations from Montana, Montana

: . Pat Williams (Montana politician), Pat Williams (D)

United States congressional delegations from Nebraska, Nebraska

: . Doug Bereuter (R) : . Peter Hoagland (D) : . Bill Barrett (R)

United States congressional delegations from Nevada, Nevada

: . James Bilbray (D) : . Barbara Vucanovich (R)

United States congressional delegations from New Hampshire, New Hampshire

: . Bill Zeliff (R) : . Dick Swett (D)

United States congressional delegations from New Jersey, New Jersey

: . Rob Andrews (D) : . William J. Hughes (D) : . Jim Saxton (R) : . Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith (R) : . Marge Roukema (R) : . Frank Pallone (D) : . Bob Franks (R) : . Herb Klein (politician), Herb Klein (D) : . Robert Torricelli (D) : . Donald M. Payne (D) : . Dean Gallo (R), until November 6, 1994, vacant to end : . Dick Zimmer (New Jersey politician), Dick Zimmer (R) : . Bob Menendez (D)

United States congressional delegations from New Mexico, New Mexico

: . Steven Schiff (R) : . Joe Skeen (R) : .

(D)

United States congressional delegations from New York, New York

: . George J. Hochbrueckner (D) : . Rick Lazio (R) : . Peter T. King (R) : . David A. Levy (R) : . Gary Ackerman (D) : . Floyd Flake (D) : . Thomas J. Manton (D) : . Jerry Nadler (D) : . Chuck Schumer (D) : . Edolphus Towns (D) : . Major Owens (D) : . Nydia Velázquez (D) : . Susan Molinari (R) : . Carolyn Maloney (D) : . Charles Rangel (D) : . José E. Serrano (D) : . Eliot Engel (D) : . Nita Lowey (D) : . Hamilton Fish IV (R) : . Benjamin Gilman (R) : . Michael R. McNulty (D) : . Gerald Solomon (R) : . Sherwood Boehlert (R) : . John M. McHugh (R) : . James T. Walsh (R) : . Maurice Hinchey (D) : .

(R) : . Louise Slaughter (D) : . John J. LaFalce (D) : . Jack Quinn (politician), Jack Quinn (R) : . Amo Houghton (R)

United States congressional delegations from North Carolina, North Carolina

: . Eva Clayton (D) : . Tim Valentine (D) : . Martin Lancaster (D) : . David Price (American politician), David Price (D) : . Stephen L. Neal (D) : . Howard Coble (R) : . Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose (D) : . Bill Hefner (D) : . Alex McMillan (R) : . Cass Ballenger (R) : . Charles H. Taylor (R) : . Mel Watt (D)

United States congressional delegations from North Dakota, North Dakota

: . Earl Pomeroy (D-NPL)

United States congressional delegations from Ohio, Ohio

: . David S. Mann (D) : . Bill Gradison (R), until January 31, 1993 :: Rob Portman (R), from May 4, 1993 : . Tony P. Hall (D) : . Mike Oxley (R) : . Paul Gillmor (R) : . Ted Strickland (D) : . Dave Hobson (R) : . John Boehner (R) : . Marcy Kaptur (D) : . Martin Hoke (R) : . Louis Stokes (D) : . John Kasich (R) : . Sherrod Brown (D) : . Thomas C. Sawyer (D) : . Deborah Pryce (R) : . Ralph Regula (R) : . Jim Traficant (D) : . Douglas Applegate (D) : . Eric Fingerhut (D)

United States congressional delegations from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: . Jim Inhofe (R), until November 15, 1994 :: Steve Largent (R), from November 29, 1994 : . Mike Synar (D) : . William K. Brewster (D) : . Dave McCurdy (D) : . Ernest Istook (R) : . Glenn English (D), until January 7, 1994 :: Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician), Frank Lucas (R), from May 10, 1994

United States congressional delegations from Oregon, Oregon

: . Elizabeth Furse (D) : . Robert Freeman Smith (R) : . Ron Wyden (D) : . Peter DeFazio (D) : . Michael J. Kopetski (D)

United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: . Thomas M. Foglietta (D) : . Lucien Blackwell (D) : . Robert A. Borski Jr. (D) : . Ron Klink (D) : . William F. Clinger Jr. (R) : . Tim Holden (D) : . Curt Weldon (R) : . James C. Greenwood (R) : . Bud Shuster (R) : . Joseph M. McDade (R) : . Paul Kanjorski (D) : . John Murtha (D) : . Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky (D) : . William J. Coyne (D) : . Paul McHale (D) : . Robert Smith Walker (R) : . George Gekas (R) : . Rick Santorum (R) : . William F. Goodling (R) : . Austin Murphy (D) : . Tom Ridge (R)

United States congressional delegations from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: . Ronald Machtley (R) : . Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician), Jack Reed (D)

United States congressional delegations from South Carolina, South Carolina

: . Arthur Ravenel Jr. (R) : . Floyd Spence (R) : . Butler Derrick (D) : . Bob Inglis (R) : . John Spratt (D) : . Jim Clyburn (D)

United States congressional delegations from South Dakota, South Dakota

: . Tim Johnson (South Dakota politician), Tim Johnson (D)

United States congressional delegations from Tennessee, Tennessee

: . Jimmy Quillen (R) : . Jimmy Duncan (politician), Jimmy Duncan (R) : . Marilyn Lloyd (D) : . Jim Cooper (D) : . Bob Clement (D) : . Bart Gordon (D) : . Don Sundquist (R) : . John S. Tanner (D) : . Harold Ford Sr. (D)

United States congressional delegations from Texas, Texas

: . Jim Chapman (congressman), Jim Chapman (D) : . Charlie Wilson (Texas politician), Charlie Wilson (D) : . Sam Johnson (R) : . Ralph Hall (D) : . John Wiley Bryant (D) : . Joe Barton (R) : . Bill Archer (R) : . Jack Fields (R) : . Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks (D) : . J. J. Pickle (D) : . Chet Edwards (D) : . Pete Geren (D) : . Bill Sarpalius (D) : . Greg Laughlin (D) : . Kika de la Garza (D) : . Ronald D. Coleman (D) : . Charles Stenholm (D) : . Craig Washington (D) : . Larry Combest (R) : . Henry B. González (D) : . Lamar Smith (R) : .

(R) : . Henry Bonilla (R) : . Martin Frost (D) : . Michael A. Andrews (D) : .

(R) : . Solomon P. Ortiz (D) : . Frank Tejeda (D) : . Gene Green (D) : . Eddie Bernice Johnson (D)

United States congressional delegations from Utah, Utah

: . James V. Hansen (R) : . Karen Shepherd (D) : . Bill Orton (D)

United States congressional delegations from Vermont, Vermont

: . Bernie Sanders (I)

United States congressional delegations from Virginia, Virginia

: . Herbert H. Bateman (R) : . Owen B. Pickett (D) : . Bobby Scott (politician), Bobby Scott (D) : . Norman Sisisky (D) : . Lewis F. Payne Jr. (D) : . Bob Goodlatte (R) : . Thomas J. Bliley Jr. (R) : . Jim Moran (D) : . Rick Boucher (D) : . Frank Wolf (politician), Frank Wolf (R) : . Leslie Byrne (D)

United States congressional delegations from Washington, Washington

: . Maria Cantwell (D) : . Al Swift (D) : . Jolene Unsoeld (D) : . Jay Inslee (D) : .

(D) : . Norm Dicks (D) : . Jim McDermott (D) : . Jennifer Dunn (politician), Jennifer Dunn (R) : . Mike Kreidler (D)

United States congressional delegations from West Virginia, West Virginia

: . Alan Mollohan (D) : . Bob Wise (D) : . Nick Rahall (D)

United States congressional delegations from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: . Les Aspin (D), until January 20, 1993 :: Peter W. Barca (D), from May 4, 1993 : . Scott L. Klug (R) : . Steve Gunderson (R) : . Jerry Kleczka (D) : . Tom Barrett (Wisconsin politician), Tom Barrett (D) : . Tom Petri (R) : . Dave Obey (D) : . Toby Roth (R) : . Jim Sensenbrenner (R)

United States congressional delegations from Wyoming, Wyoming

: . Craig L. Thomas (R)

Non-voting members

: . Eni Faleomavaega (D) : . Eleanor Holmes Norton (D) : . Robert A. Underwood (D) : . Carlos Romero Barceló (Resident Commissioner) (D) : . Ron de Lugo (D) 103 us house membership

Changes in membership

Senate

, - , List of United States senators from Texas, Texas
(1) , nowrap , Lloyd Bentsen (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 20, 1993, to become United States Secretary of the Treasury.
His successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 21, 1993 , - , List of United States senators from Texas, Texas
(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Interim appointee lost 1993 United States Senate special election in Texas, special election June 6, 1993.
Successor elected to finish the term. , nowrap , Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) , June 14, 1993 , - ,

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = "Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,765 ...

(3) , nowrap , Richard Shelby (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Changed party November 9, 1994 , nowrap , Richard Shelby (R) , November 9, 1994 , - , List of United States senators from Oklahoma, Oklahoma
(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned November 15, 1994, to become President of the University of Oklahoma.
Successor 1994 United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, elected on November 8, 1994, to finish the term. , nowrap , Jim Inhofe (R) , November 17, 1994 , - , List of United States senators from Tennessee, Tennessee
(2) , nowrap , Harlan Mathews (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Interim appointee did not seek election.
Successor 1994 United States Senate special election in Tennessee, elected on November 8, 1994, to finish the term. , nowrap , Fred Thompson (R) , December 2, 1994

House of Representatives

, - , Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, Wisconsin's 1st , , Les Aspin (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned to January 20, 1993, become United States Secretary of Defense , , Peter W. Barca (D) , May 4, 1993 , - , Mississippi's 2nd congressional district, Mississippi's 2nd , , Mike Espy (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 22, 1993, to become United States Secretary of Agriculture , , Bennie Thompson (D) , April 13, 1993 , - , California's 17th congressional district, California's 17th , , Leon Panetta (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 23, 1993, to become Director of the Office of Management and Budget , , Sam Farr (D) , June 8, 1993 , - , Ohio's 2nd congressional district, Ohio 2nd , , Bill Gradison (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 31, 1993, to become president of the Health Insurance Association of America , , Rob Portman (R) , May 4, 1993 , - , Michigan's 3rd congressional district, Michigan 3rd , , Paul B. Henry (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Died July 31, 1993 , , Vern Ehlers (R) , December 7, 1993 , - , Oklahoma's 6th congressional district, Oklahoma's 6th , , Glenn English (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned January 7, 1994, to become CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association , , Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician), Frank Lucas (R) , May 10, 1994 , - , Kentucky's 2nd congressional district, Kentucky's 2nd , , William Natcher (D) , style="font-size:80%" , Died March 29, 1994 , , Ron Lewis (R) , May 24, 1994 , - , New Jersey's 11th congressional district, New Jersey 11th , , Dean Gallo (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Died November 6, 1994 , colspan=2 , Vacant for remainder of term , - , Oklahoma's 1st congressional district, Oklahoma's 1st , , Jim Inhofe (R) , style="font-size:80%" , Resigned November 15, 1994, when elected to the U.S. Senate , , Steve Largent (R) , November 29, 1994

Committees

Senate

* United States Senate Special Committee on Aging, Aging (Special) (

, chair;

, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Patrick Leahy, chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking Member) ** Agricultural Credit (Kent Conrad, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Agricultural Production and Stabilization of Prices (

, chair; Jesse Helms, Ranking Member) ** Agricultural Research, Conservation, Forestry and General Legislation (Tom Daschle, chair; Larry E. Craig, Ranking Member) ** Domestic and Foreign Marketing and Product Promotion (David L. Boren, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Nutrition and Investigations (

, chair; Mitch McConnell, Ranking Member) ** Rural Development and Rural Electrification (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (Robert C. Byrd, chair; Mark O. Hatfield, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies, Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary (Ernest F. Hollings, chair; Pete Domenici, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (Daniel K. Inouye, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Herb Kohl, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Energy and Water Development ( J. Bennett Johnston, chair; Mark O. Hatfield, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Foreign Operations (Patrick Leahy, chair; Mitch McConnell, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior and Related Agencies, Interior and Related Agencies (Robert C. Byrd, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Labor, Health, Human Services and Education (

, chair; Arlen Specter, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (

, chair; Slade Gorton, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation and Related Agencies, Transportation and Related Agencies (Frank R. Lautenberg, chair; Al D'Amato, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government ( Dennis DeConcini, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on VA-HUD-Independent Agencies, VA-HUD-Independent Agencies (Barbara A. Mikulski, chair; Phil Gramm, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (

, chair; Strom Thurmond, Ranking Member) ** Nuclear Deterrence, Arms Control and Defense Intelligence ( J. James Exon, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Coalition Defense and Reinforcing Forces ( Carl Levin, chair; John Warner, Ranking Member) ** Regional Defense and Contingency Forces (Edward Kennedy, chair; William S. Cohen, Ranking Member) ** Defense Technology, Acquisition and Industrial Base (Jeff Bingaman, chair; Robert C. Smith, Ranking Member) ** Military Readiness (John Glenn, chair; John McCain, Ranking Member) ** Force Requirements and Personnel (Richard C. Shelby, chair; Dan Coats, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs (Donald W. Riegle Jr., chair; Al D'Amato, Ranking Member) ** Housing and Urban Affairs (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** International Finance and Monetary Policy (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Securities (

, chair; Phil Gramm, Ranking Member) ** Economic Stabilization and Rural Development ( Richard Shelby, chair; Lauch Faircloth, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on the Budget, Budget (

, chair; Pete Domenici, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Commerce, Science and Transportation (Ernest F. Hollings, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Aviation (Wendell H. Ford, chair; Larry Pressler, Ranking Member) ** Communications (Daniel K. Inouye, chair; Bob Packwood, Ranking Member) ** Consumer (Richard H. Bryan, chair; Slade Gorton, Ranking Member) ** Foreign Commerce and Tourism (John F. Kerry, chair; Bob Packwood, Ranking Member) ** Merchant Marine (

, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Science, Technology and Space (John D. Rockefeller IV, chair;

, Ranking Member) ** Surface Transportation ( J. James Exon, chair; John McCain, Ranking Member) ** National Ocean Policy Study (Ernest Hollings, chair;

, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Energy and Natural Resources ( J. Bennett Johnston, chair; Malcolm Wallop, Ranking Member) ** Energy Research and Development (Wendell H. Ford, chair; Pete Domenici, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Mineral Resources Development and Production, Mineral Resources Development and Production (

, chair; Larry E. Craig, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands, National Parks and Forests, Public Lands, National Parks and Forests (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Competitiveness, Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Competitiveness (Jeff Bingaman, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water and Power, Water and Power (Bill Bradley, chair; Robert F. Bennett, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, Environment and Public Works (

, chair; John H. Chafee, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, Public Buildings and Economic Development, Water Resources, Transportation, Public Buildings and Economic Development (Daniel Moynihan, chair; John W. Warner, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Superfund, Recycling and Solid Waste Management, Superfund, Recycling and Solid Waste Management (Frank Lautenberg, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Toxic Substances, Research and Development, Toxic Substances, Research and Development (

, chair; Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician), Bob Smith, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Clean Water, Fisheries and Wildlife, Clean Water, Fisheries and Wildlife ( Bob Graham, chair; John Chafee, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Regulation, Clean Air and Nuclear Regulation (

, chair; Alan K. Simpson, Ranking member) * United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics, Ethics (Select) (

, chair; Mitch McConnell, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Finance, Finance (Daniel Moynihan, chair; Bob Packwood, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management and Long-Term Economic Growth, Deficits, Debt Management and Long-Term Economic Growth (Bill Bradley, chair; Malcolm Wallop, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Energy and Agricultural Taxation, Energy and Agricultural Taxation (Tom Daschle, chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Health for Families and the Uninsured, Health for Families and the Uninsured (Donald W. Riegle Jr., chair; John H. Chafee, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on International Trade, International Trade (

, chair; John Chafee, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long Term Care, Medicare and Long Term Care (Jay Rockefeller, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Private Retirement Plans and Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service, Private Retirement Plans and Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Social Security and Family Policy, Social Security and Family Policy (

, chair; Bob Dole, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Taxation, Taxation (David L. Boren, chair; William V. Roth Jr., Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Foreign Relations (Claiborne Pell, chair; Jesse Helms, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on International Economic Policy, Trade, Oceans and Environment, International Economic Policy, Trade, Oceans and Environment (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs, Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics and International Communications, Terrorism, Narcotics and International Communications (

, chair; Larry Pressler, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs, African Affairs ( Paul Simon, chair; Jim Jeffords, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on European Affairs, European Affairs ( Joe Biden, chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs (Daniel Moynihan, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs, East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chuck Robb, chair;

, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs, Governmental Affairs (John Glenn, chair; William V. Roth Jr., Bill Roth, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Federal Services, Post Office and Civil Service, Federal Services, Post Office and Civil Service (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on General Services, Federalism and the District of Columbia, General Services, Federalism and the District of Columbia (

, chair; John McCain, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Oversight of Government Management ( Carl Levin, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (

, chair; William V. Roth Jr., Ranking member) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Regulation and Government Information, Regulation and Government Information (

, chair;

, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, Indian Affairs (Daniel K. Inouye, chair; John McCain, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary ( Joe Biden, chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopolies and Business Rights, Antitrust, Monopolies and Business Rights (Howard Metzenbaum, chair; Strom Thurmond, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Constitution ( Paul Simon, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts and Administration Practice, Courts and Administration Practice (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs, Immigration and Refugee Affairs (

, chair; Alan K. Simpson, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Juvenile Justice (Herb Kohl, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks, Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks ( Dennis DeConcini, chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Technology and the Law, Technology and the Law (Patrick Leahy, chair; Arlen Specter, Ranking member) * United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Intelligence (Select) ( Dennis DeConcini, chair; John W. Warner, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, Labor and Human Resources (Edward M. Kennedy, chair; Nancy Landon Kassebaum, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Labor, Labor (Howard Metzenbaum, chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities, Education, Arts and Humanities (Claiborne Pell, chair; Jim Jeffords, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity, Employment and Productivity ( Paul Simon, chair; Strom Thurmond, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Disability Policy, Disability Policy (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism, Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism (

, chair; Dan Coats, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Aging, Aging (

, chair;

, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, Rules and Administration (Wendell H. Ford, chair;

, Ranking Member) * United States Senate Committee on Small Business, Small Business (

, chair; Larry Pressler, Ranking Member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Competitiveness, Capital Formation and Economic Opportunity, Competitiveness, Capital Formation and Economic Opportunity (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Export Expansion and Agricultural Development, Export Expansion and Agricultural Development (Harris Wofford, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Government Contracting and Paperwork Reduction, Government Contracting and Paperwork Reduction (

, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Innovation, Technology and Productivity, Innovation, Technology and Productivity ( Carl Levin, chair;

, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Rural Economy and Family Farming, Rural Economy and Family Farming (

, chair; Larry Pressler, Ranking member) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Urban and Minority-Owned Business Development, Urban and Minority-Owned Business Development (

, chair; John Chafee, Ranking member) * United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (John D. Rockefeller IV, chair; Frank H. Murkowski, Ranking Member)

House of Representatives

* United States House Committee on Agriculture, Agriculture (Kika de la Garza, chair; Pat Roberts, Ranking member) ** General Farm Commodities (Tim Johnson (Illinois politician), Tim Johnson, chair; Bill Emerson, Ranking member) ** Livestock (Harold Volkmer, chair; Steve Gunderson, Ranking member) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Specialty Crops and Natural Resources, Specialty Crops and Natural Resources (Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose, chair; Tom Lewis (American politician), Tom Lewis, Ranking member) ** Department Operations and Nutrition (Charles W. Stenholm, chair; Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician), Bob Smith, Ranking member) ** Environment, Credit and Rural Development (Glenn English, chair; Larry Combest, Ranking member) ** Foreign Agriculture and Hunger (Tim Penny, chair; Wayne Allard, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (William Huston Natcher, then Dave Obey, chair; Joseph M. McDade, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary, Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary (Neal Edward Smith, chair; Hal Rogers, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (John P. Murtha, chair; Joseph McDade, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Julian C. Dixon, chair; James T. Walsh, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Energy and Water Development (Tom Bevill, chair; John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs, Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs (David Obey, chair; Bob Livingston, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Interior (Sidney Yates, chair; Ralph Regula, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health, Human Services, Education and Related Agencies, Labor, Health, Human Services, Education and Related Agencies (William Huston Natcher, chair; John Edward Porter, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative (

, chair; Bill Young, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Bill Hefner, chair; Barbara Vucanovich, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Rural Development, Agriculture and Related Agencies, Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (Richard J. Durbin, chair; Joe Skeen, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Milton Robert Carr, Bob Carr, chair; Frank Wolf (politician), Frank Wolf, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government ( Steny Hoyer, chair; Jim Ross Lightfoot, Jim Lightfoot, Ranking member) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on VA, HUD and Independent Agencies, VA, HUD and Independent Agencies (Louis Stokes, chair; Jerry Lewis (California politician), Jerry Lewis, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (Ron Dellums, chair; Floyd Spence, Ranking member) ** Military Acquisition (Ron Dellums, chair; Floyd Spence, Ranking member) ** Research and Development (Patricia Schroeder, chair; Bob Stump, Ranking member) ** Readiness (Earl Hutto, chair; John Kasich, Ranking member) ** Military Forces and Personnel (Ike Skelton, chair; Jon Kyl, Ranking member) ** Military Installations and Facilities (Dave McCurdy, chair; Duncan L. Hunter, Ranking member) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Norman Sisisky, chair; James Hansen, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (Henry B. Gonzalez, chair; Jim Leach, Ranking member) ** Housing and Community Development (Henry B. Gonzalez, chair; Marge Roukema, Ranking member) ** Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Deposit Insurance (Stephen L. Neal, chair;

, Ranking member) ** International Development, Finance, Trade and Monetary Policy (Barney Frank, chair; Doug Bereuter, Ranking member) ** Economic Growth and Credit Formation (Paul Kanjorski, chair; Tom Ridge, Ranking member) ** Consumer Credit and Insurance (Joseph P. Kennedy II, chair; Al McCandless, Ranking member) ** General Oversight, Investigations and the Resolution of Failed Financial Institutions (Floyd H. Flake, chair; Toby Roth, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on the Budget, Budget (Martin Olav Sabo, chair; John Kasich, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on the District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Pete Stark, chair; John Kasich, Ranking member) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Fiscal Affairs and Health, Fiscal Affairs and Health (Jim McDermott, chair; Cass Ballenger, Ranking member) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs, Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs (Alan Wheat, chair; Jim Saxton, Ranking member) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Judiciary and Education, Judiciary and Education (Eleanor Holmes Norton, chair; Dana Rohrabacher, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Education and Labor, Education and Labor (William D. Ford, chair; Bill Goodling, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Postsecondary Education and Training (William D. Ford, chair; Tom Petri, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor Standards, Occupational Health and Safety, Labor Standards, Occupational Health and Safety (Austin J. Murphy, chair; Harris W. Fawell, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education, Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education (Dale Kildee, chair; William F. Goodling, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations, Labor-Management Relations (Pat Williams (Montana politician), Pat Williams, chair; Marge Roukema, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Matthew G. Martinez, chair; Paul B. Henry, Ranking member) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Select Education and Rights, Select Education and Rights (Major R. Owens, chair; Cass Ballenger, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce, Energy and Commerce (John Dingell, chair; Carlos J. Moorhead, Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (John D. Dingell, chair; Dan Schaefer, Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, Health and the Environment (Henry Waxman, chair; Thomas J. Bliley Jr., Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Energy and Power, Energy and Power (Philip Sharp (politician), Philip Sharp, chair; Michael Bilirakis, Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Finance, Telecommunications and Finance (Ed Markey, chair; Jack Fields, Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Transportation and Hazardous Materials, Transportation and Hazardous Materials (Al Swift, chair; , Ranking member) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation and Competitiveness, Commerce, Transportation and Competitiveness (Cardiss Collins, chair; Cliff Stearns, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Foreign Affairs (Lee H. Hamilton, chair; Benjamin A. Gilman, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East, Europe and the Middle East (Lee H. Hamilton, chair; Benjamin A. Gilman, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Trade and Environment, Economic Policy, Trade and Environment (Sam Gejdenson, chair; Toby Roth, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Security, International Organizations and Human Rights, International Security, International Organizations and Human Rights (Tom Lantos, chair; Doug Bereuter, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs, Western Hemisphere Affairs (Robert Torricelli, chair; Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Operations, International Operations (Howard Berman, chair; Olympia J. Snowe, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific, Asia and the Pacific (Gary L. Ackerman, chair; Jim Leach, Ranking member) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Africa (Harry Johnston, chair; Dan Burton, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Government Operations, Government Operations (John Conyers, chair; William F. Clinger, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security, Legislation and National Security (John Conyers, chair; Al McCandless, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Environment, Energy and Natural Resources, Environment, Energy and Natural Resources (Mike Synar, chair; Dennis Hastert, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations, Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations (Edolphus Towns, chair; Steven Schiff, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs, Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs (John M. Spratt, chair; Christopher Cox, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Information, Justice, Transportation and Agriculture, Information, Justice, Transportation and Agriculture (Gary Condit, chair; Craig L. Thomas, Ranking member) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Employment, Housing and Aviation, Employment, Housing and Aviation (Collin C. Peterson, chair; Ronald K. Machtley, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on House Administration, House Administration (Charlie Rose (congressman), Charlie Rose, chair; Bill Thomas, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Elections, Elections (Al Swift, chair; Bob Livingston, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Libraries and Memorials, Libraries and Memorials (Bill Clay, chair; Bill Barrett, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Office Systems, Office Systems (Sam Gejdenson, chair; John Boehner, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Accounts, Accounts (Martin Frost, chair; Pat Roberts, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Personnel and Police, Personnel and Police (Thomas J. Manton, chair; Jennifer Dunn (politician), Jennifer Dunn, Ranking member) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight, Administrative Oversight (Charlie Rose (congressman), Charlie Rose, chair; Bill Thomas, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks, chair; Hamilton Fish, Ranking member) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Economic and Commercial Law, Economic and Commercial Law (Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks, chair; Hamilton Fish IV, Hamilton Fish Jr., Ranking member) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, Civil and Constitutional Rights (Don Edwards, chair; Henry J. Hyde, Ranking member) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration, Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration (William J. Hughes, chair; Carlos J. Moorhead, Ranking member) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice, Crime and Criminal Justice (Chuck Schumer, chair; Jim Sensenbrenner, Ranking member) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Administrative Law and Governmental Relations, Administrative Law and Governmental Relations (John Wiley Bryant, John Bryant, chair; George Gekas, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Gerry Studds, chair; Jack Fields, Ranking member) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Merchant Marine, Merchant Marine (Bill Lipinski, chair; Herbert Bateman, Ranking member) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Environment and Natural Resources, Environment and Natural Resources (Gerry E. Studds, chair; Jim Saxton, Ranking member) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Fisheries Management, Fisheries Management (Thomas J. Manton, chair; Don Young, Ranking member) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Oceanography, Gulf of Mexico and the Outer Continental Shelf, Oceanography, Gulf of Mexico and the Outer Continental Shelf (Solomon P. Ortiz, chair; Curt Weldon, Ranking member) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Navigation, Coast Guard and Navigation (Billy Tauzin, chair; Howard Coble, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Natural Resources, Natural Resources (George Miller (California politician), George Miller, chair; Don Young, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (George Miller (California politician), George Miller, chair; Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician), Bob Smith, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Native American Affairs, Native American Affairs (

, chair; Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician), Bob Smith, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands, National Parks, Forests and Public Lands (Bruce Vento, chair; Jim Hansen, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Insular and International Affairs, Insular and International Affairs (Ron de Lugo, chair; Elton Gallegly, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources, Energy and Mineral Resources (Richard H. Lehman, chair; Barbara Vucanovich, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, Post Office and Civil Service (Bill Clay, chair; John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Bill Clay, chair; Sherwood Boehlert, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Civil Service, Civil Service (Frank McCloskey, chair; Dan Burton, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Census, Statistics and Portal Personnel, Census, Statistics and Portal Personnel (Thomas C. Sawyer, chair; Tom Petri, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Compensation and Employee Benefits, Compensation and Employee Benefits (Eleanor Holmes Norton, chair; Constance Morella, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Postal Operations and Services, Postal Operations and Services (Barbara-Rose Collins, chair; Don Young, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Public Works and Transportation, Public Works and Transportation (Norman Mineta, chair; Bud Shuster, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Aviation, Aviation (Jim Oberstar, chair; Bill Clinger, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Economic Development, Economic Development (Bob Wise, chair; Susan Molinari, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Investigations and Oversight (Robert Borski, chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, Public Buildings and Grounds (James Traficant, chair; Jimmy Duncan (politician), John Duncan, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Surface Transportation (Nick Rahall, chair; Tom Petri, Ranking member) ** United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment, Water Resources and Environment (Douglas Applegate, chair; Sherwood Boehlert, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Rules, Rules (Joe Moakley, chair; Gerald B.H. Solomon, Ranking member) ** United States House Rules Subcommittee on the Rules of the House, Rules of the House (Anthony Beilenson, chair; David Dreier, Ranking member) ** United States House Rules Subcommittee on the Legislative Process, Legislative Process ( Butler Derrick, chair; Jimmy Quillen, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Science, Space and Technology, Science, Space and Technology (George Brown Jr., chair; Robert S. Walker, Ranking member) ** United States House Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Energy, Energy (Marilyn Lloyd, chair; Harris Fawell, Ranking member) ** United States House Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Space, Space (Ralph Hall, chair; Jim Sensenbrenner, Ranking member) ** United States House Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Technology, Environment and Aviation, Technology, Environment and Aviation (Tim Valentine, chair; Tom Lewis (American politician), Tom Lewis, Ranking member) ** United States House Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Science, Science (Rick Boucher, chair; Sherwood Boehlert, Ranking member) ** United States House Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Investigations and Oversight (Jimmy Hayes, chair; Paul B. Henry, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Small Business, Small Business (John J. LaFalce, chair; Jan Meyers, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on SBA Legislation and the General Economy, SBA Legislation and the General Economy (John J. LaFalce, chair; Jan Meyers, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities and Technology, Regulation, Business Opportunities and Technology (Ron Wyden, chair; Larry Combest, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Procurement, Taxation and Tourism, Procurement, Taxation and Tourism (James H. Bilbray, chair; Richard Baker (U.S. politician), Richard Baker, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Minority Enterprise, Finance and Urban Development, Minority Enterprise, Finance and Urban Development (Kweisi Mfume, chair; Ronald K. Machtley, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Rural Enterprises, Exports and the Environment, Rural Enterprises, Exports and the Environment (Bill Sarpalius, chair; Joel Hefley, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, Standards of Official Conduct (Jim McDermott, chair; Fred Grandy, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (Gillespie V. Montgomery, chair; Bob Stump, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Education, Training and Employment, Education, Training and Employment (Sonny Montgomery, chair; Tim Hutchinson, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Compensation, Pension and Insurance, Compensation, Pension and Insurance (Jim Slattery, chair; Michael Bilirakis, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Lane Evans, chair; Tom Ridge, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Hospitals and Health Care, Hospitals and Health Care (J. Roy Rowland, chair; Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith, Ranking member) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Housing and Memorial Affairs, Housing and Memorial Affairs (George E. Sangmeister, chair; Dan Burton, Ranking member) * United States House Committee on Ways and Means, Ways and Means (Dan Rostenkowski, chair, Sam Gibbons, acting; Bill Archer, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade, Trade (Sam Gibbons, chair; Phil Crane, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Oversight, Oversight (J.J. Pickle, chair; Amo Houghton, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures, Select Revenue Measures (Charles Rangel, chair; Mel Hancock, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Health, Health (Pete Stark, chair; Bill Thomas, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security, Social Security (Andrew Jacobs Jr., chair; Jim Bunning, Ranking member) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Harold Ford Sr., chair; Rick Santorum, Ranking member) * Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives), Whole

Joint

* Joint Economic Committee, Economic (Rep. Dave Obey, chair; Sen.

, Vice Chair) * Joint Committee on Taxation, Taxation (Rep. Dan Rostenkowski, chair; Sen. Daniel P. Moynihan, Vice Chair) * Joint Committee on the Library, The Library (Rep. Charlie Rose, chair; Sen. Claiborne Pell, Vice Chair) * Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress, Organization of Congress (Sen. David L. Boren, Co-Chair; Rep. Lee H. Hamilton, Co-Chair) * Joint Committee on Printing, Printing (Sen.

, chair; Rep. Charlie Rose, Vice Chair)

Caucuses

* Armenian Caucus * Biomedical Research Caucus * Blue Dog Coalition * Congressional Arts Caucus * Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus * Congressional Automotive Caucus * Congressional Black Caucus * Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans * Congressional Caucus on Korea * Congressional Fire Services Caucus * Friends of Ireland (U.S. Congress), Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus * Congressional Hispanic Caucus * Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus * Congressional Progressive Caucus * Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus * Congressional Western Caucus * Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues, Congresswomen's Caucus * House Democratic Caucus * Law Enforcement Caucus * Northern Border Caucus * Senate Democratic Caucus

Employees

List of federal agencies in the United States#Legislative branch, Legislative branch agency directors

* Architect of the Capitol: George M. White * Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Robert Krasner, until 1994 ** John Francis Eisold, John F. Eisold, from 1994 * Comptroller General of the United States: Charles A. Bowsher * Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Robert D. Reischauer * Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington * Public Printer of the United States: Robert Houk, until 1993 ** Michael F. DiMario, from 1993

Senate

* Chaplain of the United States Senate, Chaplain: Richard C. Halverson (Presbyterian) * Curator of the United States Senate, Curator: James R. Ketchum * Historian of the United States Senate, Historian: Richard A. Baker (historian), Richard A. Baker * Parliamentarian of the United States Senate, Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin * Secretary of the United States Senate, Secretary: Walter J. Stewart, until April 15, 1994 ** Martha S. Pope, from April 15, 1994 * United States Senate Librarian, Librarian: Roger K. Haley * Secretary for the Majority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Majority: C. Abbott Saffold * Secretary for the Minority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Minority: Howard O. Greene Jr. * Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate, Sergeant at Arms: Martha S. Pope, until April 14, 1994 ** Robert L. Benoit, from April 15, 1994

House of Representatives

* Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives, Chaplain: James David Ford (Lutheranism, Lutheran) * Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Clerk: Donnald K. Anderson * Director of Non-Legislative and Financial Services: Leonard P. Wishart III, until January 1994 ** Randall B. Medlock, from January 1994 * Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives, Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy * Historian of the United States House of Representatives, Historian: Ray Smock * Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Reading Clerks: ** Meg Goetz (D) ** Bob Berry (reading clerk), Bob Berry along with Paul Hays (R) * Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives, Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown, William H. Brown, until September 16, 1994 ** Charles W. Johnson III, from September 16, 1994 * Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives, Sergeant at Arms: Werner W. Brandt * Inspector General: John W. Lainhart IV

Notes

External links

Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

* * * * * * {{USCongresses 103rd United States Congress,