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Žulová Hilly Land
Žulová (until 1948 Frýdberk; german: Friedeberg) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,200 inhabitants. Administrative parts The village of Tomíkovice is an administrative part of Žulová. Geography Žulová is located about north-west of Jeseník and north of Olomouc. It lies in the Žulová Hilly Land. The highest point is the hill Boží hora at above sea level. The Vidnavka stream flows through the town. Velký Pond, located in the eastern part of the municipal territory, is a fish pond with an area of . It is the largest pond in the area. History The first written mention of Frýdberk is from the 13th century, when the Frýdberk Castle was built. The settlement was first referred to as a town in 1358. It was part of the Duchy of Nysa under Bohemian suzerainty. In the 15th century, silver was mined here and two glassworks were in operation. The castle was renaissance reconstructed in 1594. The development of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
Obec (plural: ''obce'') is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or "community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition Legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is composed of one or more administrative parts, usually called town parts or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost whole area of the republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller municipalities consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granite
Granite () is a coarse-grained ( phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies underground. It is common in the continental crust of Earth, where it is found in igneous intrusions. These range in size from dikes only a few centimeters across to batholiths exposed over hundreds of square kilometers. Granite is typical of a larger family of ''granitic rocks'', or '' granitoids'', that are composed mostly of coarse-grained quartz and feldspars in varying proportions. These rocks are classified by the relative percentages of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase (the QAPF classification), with true granite representing granitic rocks rich in quartz and alkali feldspar. Most granitic rocks also contain mica or amphibole minerals, though a few (known as leucogranites) contain almost no dark minerals. Granite is near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Jeseník District
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a census, a process of collecting, analysing, compiling, and publishing data regarding a population. Perspectives of various disciplines Social sciences In sociology and population geography, population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined criterion in common, such as location, race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. Demography is a social science which entails the statistical study of populations. Ecology In ecology, a population is a group of organisms of the same species who inhabit the same particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of a sexual population is the area where inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stations Of The Cross
The Stations of the Cross or the Way of the Cross, also known as the Way of Sorrows or the Via Crucis, refers to a series of images depicting Jesus Christ on the day of Crucifixion of Jesus, his crucifixion and accompanying prayers. The stations grew out of imitations of the Via Dolorosa in Jerusalem, which is a traditional processional route symbolising the actual path Jesus walked to Mount Calvary. The objective of the stations is to help the Christian faithful to make a spiritual Christian pilgrimage, pilgrimage through contemplation of the Passion (Christianity), Passion of Christ. It has become one of the most popular devotions and the stations can be found in many Western Christianity, Western Christian churches, including those in the Catholic Church, Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican, and Methodist traditions. Commonly, a series of 14 images will be arranged in numbered order along a path, along which worshippers—individually or in a procession—move in order, stoppi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Von Schmidt
Friedrich von Schmidt (October 22, 1825 – January 23, 1891) was an architect who worked in late 19th century Vienna. Life and career Von Schmidt was born in Frickenhofen, Gschwend, Württemberg, Germany. After studying at the technical high school in Stuttgart under Breymann and Mauch, he became, in 1845, one of the guild workers employed in building Cologne Cathedral, on which he worked for fifteen years. Most of the working drawings for the towers were made by Schmidt and Vincenz Statz. In 1848 he attained the rank of master-workman and in 1856 passed the state examination as architect. After becoming a Catholic in 1858, he went to Milan as professor of architecture and began the restoration of the cathedral of Sant'Ambrogio. On account of the confusion caused by the war of 1859 he went to Vienna, where he was a professor at the academy and cathedral architect from 1862; in 1865 he received the title of chief architect, and in 1888 was ennobled by the emperor. In the Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergfried
''Bergfried'' (plural: ''bergfriede''; English: ''belfry''; French: ''tour-beffroi''; Spanish: ''torre del homenaje'') is a tall tower that is typically found in castles of the Middle Ages in German-speaking countries and in countries under German influence. Friar describes it as a "free-standing, fighting-tower".Friar (2003), p 36. Its defensive function is to some extent similar to that of a keep (also known as a ''donjon'') in English or French castles. However, the characteristic difference between a bergfried and a keep is that a bergfried was typically not designed for permanent habitation. Overview The living quarters of a castle with a bergfried are separate, often in a lower tower or an adjacent building called a '' palas'' (an English-style keep combines both functions of habitation and defence.) Consequently, a bergfried could be built as a tall slender tower with little internal room, few vaults and few if any windows. The bergfried served as a watchtower and as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Žulová (dř
Žulová (until 1948 Frýdberk; german: Friedeberg) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,200 inhabitants. Administrative parts The village of Tomíkovice is an administrative part of Žulová. Geography Žulová is located about north-west of Jeseník and north of Olomouc. It lies in the Žulová Hilly Land. The highest point is the hill Boží hora at above sea level. The Vidnavka stream flows through the town. Velký Pond, located in the eastern part of the municipal territory, is a fish pond with an area of . It is the largest pond in the area. History The first written mention of Frýdberk is from the 13th century, when the Frýdberk Castle was built. The settlement was first referred to as a town in 1358. It was part of the Duchy of Nysa under Bohemian suzerainty. In the 15th century, silver was mined here and two glassworks were in operation. The castle was renaissance reconstructed in 1594. The development of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipová-lázně
Lipová-lázně (until 1960 Dolní Lipová; german: Bad Lindewiese) is a spa municipality and village in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants. Administrative parts The village of Horní Lipová and the hamlet of Bobrovník are administrative parts of Lipová-lázně. Geography Lipová-lázně is located about west of Jeseník and north of Olomouc. The northern part of the municipality lies in the Golden Mountains, the southern part lies in the Hrubý Jeseník mountains. The highest point is the peak of Šerák at above sea level, located on the southern municipal border. The built-up area is situated in the valley of the Staříč stream. History The first written mention of Dolní Lipová under its Latin name ''Lynda'' is in a copy of a document, which describes the situation in 1290. At that time it became part of the newly formed Duchy of Nysa within fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. The next records are from the years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javorník (Jeseník District)
Javorník (; german: Jauernig) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,700 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban monument zone. Administrative parts Villages of Bílý Potok (Javorník), Bílý Potok, Horní Hoštice (Javorník), Horní Hoštice, Travná (Javorník), Travná and Zálesí (Javorník), Zálesí are administrative parts of Javorník. Etymology The town's name is derived from ''javor'', i.e. "maple". Geography Javorník is located on the border with Poland. The town proper is situated in the valley of the Javornický Creek. The larger part of the municipal territory lies in the Golden Mountains (Sudetes), Golden Mountains, the eastern part lies in the Silesian Lowlands. The Borůvková hora Mountain on the Czech-Polish border is the highest point of Javorník, with an altitude of . History 13–14th centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Prisoner-of-war Camps In World War II
Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps (german: Kriegsgefangenenlager) during World War II (1939-1945). Germany had signed the Third Geneva Convention of 1929, which established provisions relating to the treatment of prisoners of war. * Article 10 required that PoWs should be lodged in adequately heated and lighted buildings where conditions were the same as for German troops. * Articles 27-32 detailed the conditions of labour. Enlisted ranks were required to perform whatever labour they were asked if able to do, so long as it was not dangerous and did not support the German war-effort. Senior Non-commissioned officers (sergeants and above) were required to work only in a supervisory role. Commissioned officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer. The work performed was largely agricultural or industrial, ranging from coal- or potash-mining, stone quarrying, or work in saw mills, breweries, factories, railroad yards, and forests. PoWs hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stalag VIII-B
Stalag VIII-B was a German Army prisoner-of-war camp during World War II, later renumbered Stalag-344, located near the village of Lamsdorf (now Łambinowice) in Silesia. The camp initially occupied barracks built to house British and French prisoners in World War I. At this same location there had been a prisoner camp during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71. Timeline In the 1860s, the Prussian Army established a training area for artillery at a wooded area near Lamsdorf, a small village connected by rail to Opole and Nysa. During the Franco-Prussian War, a camp for French prisoners of war was established here, which housed some 3000 French POW's. During the First World War, a much larger POW camp was established here with some 90,000 soldiers of various nationalities interned here. After the treaty of Versailles, the camp was closed down. It was reopened in 1939 to house Polish prisoners from the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Labour Under German Rule During World War II
The use of slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany (german: Zwangsarbeit) and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale. It was a vital part of the German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in occupied Europe. The Germans abducted approximately 12 million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds came from Central Europe and Eastern Europe.Part1 an Part 2 . Many workers died as a result of their living conditionsextreme mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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