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Spathobatid
Spathobatidae is an extinct family of rays known from the Late Jurassic epoch. Spathobatidae is the only family within the order Apolithabatiformes. All named genera within this family are known from Europe, although a specimen from Argentina may also have affinities with these taxa. The general body plan of spathobatids is reminiscent of modern guitarfish. Taxonomic history Well-preserved holomorphic ray fossils have been known from Late Jurassic Lagerstätte deposits throughout Europe since the mid-19th century, characterized by their complete, articulated preservation including soft tissue outlines. ''Asterodermus'', ''Spathobatis'', and ''Belemnobatis'' were named in 1836, 1849, and 1852, respectively. An 1888 publication by Wilhelm Dames is the first known mention of the family Spathobatidae, albeit without a formal diagnosis or description. While this would not be accepted by the modern guidelines of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the establishment of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimmerobatis
''Kimmerobatis'' (meaning "Kimmeridge ray") is an extinct genus of spathobatid rays from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian age) Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England. The genus contains a single species, ''K. etchesi'', known from two partial, well-preserved specimens. Discovery and naming The ''Kimmerobatis'' fossils were discovered in outcrops of the upper Kimmeridge Clay Formation near Kimmeridge Bay in Dorset, southern England. The holotype specimen, MJML K874, consists of the anterior part of an individual missing the end of the tail, preserved in dorsal view. It was found in layers of the ''Pectinatus'' Zone. An additional specimen, MJML K1894, was referred as a paratype, consisting of much of the posterior part of an individual. It was found in the '' Hudlestoni'' Zone. These fossils are holomorphic specimens, meaning they comprise complete, articulated animals. Based on the absence of claspers in the holotype and their presence in the paratype, these specimens can be ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apolithabatis
''Apolithabatis'' (meaning "fossil ray") is an extinct genus of spathobatid rays from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian age) Torleite Formation ( Solnhofen Archipelago) of Germany. The genus contains a single species, ''A. seioma'', known from a single complete, well-preserved specimen. Discovery and naming The ''Apolithabatis'' holotype specimen, DMA-JP-2010/007, was discovered in a Rygol Company limestone quarry representing outcrops of the Torleite Formation (Arnstorf Member) near Painten in Lower Bavaria, South Germany. The fossil is a holomorphic specimen, meaning that it comprises a complete, articulated animal. Based on the absence of claspers, it can be identified as a female individual. In 2025, Türtscher et al. described ''Apolithabatis seioma'' as a new genus and species of rays in the extinct family Spathobatidae based on these fossil remains. The generic name, ''Apolithabatis'', combines the Greek words απολίθωμα (''apolíthoma''), meaning "fossil" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aellopobatis
''Aellopobatis'' (meaning "storm wind ray") is an extinct genus of spathobatid Batomorphi, rays from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian age) Solnhofen Archipelago of Germany. The genus contains a Monotypic taxon, single species, ''A. bavarica'', known from several complete, well-preserved specimens. Discovery and naming In 1836, Georg zu Münster briefly mentioned a fragmentary specimen comprising the posterior part of the animal. He proposed the name "Aellopos elongata" for this specimen. However unbeknownst to Münster, the generic name ''Aellopos'' was preoccupied by a moth, making it Available name, unavailable. Subsequent reviews by Arthur Smith Woodward, Arthur S. Woodward in 1889 suggested that the larger specimens referred to "Aellopos", as well as those in the genera ''Euryarthra'' and ''Spathobatis'', were effectively identical to ''Rhinobatus'' in all aspects except for size, which he deemed as insufficient to distinguish them. Most research since then has followed this Syn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asterodermus
''Asterodermus'' (from , 'star' and , 'skin') is an extinct genus of spathobatid rays from the Jurassic period. A single species, ''A. platypterus'', is described. It is known mainly from the early Tithonian of Germany, including the famous Lagerstätte site of Solnhofen Solnhofen is a municipality in the district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in the region of Middle Franconia in the ' of Bavaria in Germany. It is in the Altmühl valley. The local area is famous in geology and palaeontology for Solnhofen lime .... Additionally, ''Asterodermus'' scales have been found among articulated skeletons of neoselachians from the Tithonian of southern Germany.Thies, D. (1995). Placoid scales (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of northern Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15(3), 463-481. doi:10.1080/02724634.1995.10011242 References Spathobatidae Monotypic prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera Taxa named by Louis Agassiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third Epoch (geology), epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time scale, geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic stratum, strata.Owen 1987. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, ''Malm'' was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units. Subdivisions The Late Jurassic is divided into three ages, which correspond with the three (faunal) stages of Upper Jurassic rock: Paleogeography During the Late Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea broke up into two supercontinents, Laurasia to the north, and Gondwana to the south. The result of this break-up was the emergence of the Atlantic Ocean, which initially was relatively narrow. Life forms This epoch is well known for many famous types of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleobiology (journal)
Paleobiology is a scientific journal promoting the integration of biology and conventional paleontology, with emphasis placed on biological or paleobiological processes and patterns. It attracts papers of interest to more than one discipline, and occasionally publishes research on recent organisms when this is of interest to paleontologists. Paleontology journals Academic journals published by learned and professional societies Academic journals established in 1975 Quarterly journals English-language journals Paleobiology Cambridge University Press academic journals {{paleontology-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proceedings Of The Geologists' Association
The Geologists' Association, founded in 1858, is a British organisation with charitable status for those concerned with the study of geology. It publishes the ''Proceedings of the Geologists' Association'' and jointly with the Geological Society of London, ''Geology Today''. See also * List of geoscience organizations * List of presidents of the Geologists' Association References External links Geologists' Association website Geologists' Association, Scientific organizations established in 1858 Geology societies Learned societies of the United Kingdom 1858 establishments in the United Kingdom Scientific organisations based in the United Kingdom {{geology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoologica Scripta
''Zoologica Scripta'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal on systematic zoology, published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It was established in 1972. The editor-in-chief since 2023 is Lutz Bachmann ( Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 3.140, ranking it 12th out of 174 journals in the category "Zoology". See also * '' Arkiv för Zoologi'' References External links * * Zoology journals Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Academic journals established in 1972 Bimonthly journals Wiley-Blackwell academic journals Academi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphotype
In biology, polymorphism is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative ''phenotypes'', in the population of a species. To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating). Ford E.B. 1965. ''Genetic polymorphism''. Faber & Faber, London. Put simply, polymorphism is when there are two or more possibilities of a trait on a gene. For example, there is more than one possible trait in terms of a jaguar's skin colouring; they can be light morph or dark morph. Due to having more than one possible variation for this gene, it is termed 'polymorphism'. However, if the jaguar has only one possible trait for that gene, it would be termed "monomorphic". For example, if there was only one possible skin colour that a jaguar could have, it would be termed monomorphic. The term polyphenism can be used to clarify that the different forms arise from the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic grouping (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term received currency during the debates of the 1960s and 1970s accompanying the rise of cladistics, having been coined by zoologist Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles), which is paraphyletic with respect to birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles and all descendants of that ancestor exc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Code Of Zoological Nomenclature
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted Convention (norm), convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific name, scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its formal author, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (which shares the acronym "ICZN"). The rules principally regulate: * How names are correctly established in the frame of Binomial nomenclature, binominal nomenclature * How to determine whether a given name is Available name, available * Which available name must be used in case of name conflicts (Valid name (zoology), valid name) * How scientific literature must cite names Zoological nomenclature is independent of other systems of nomenclature, for example botanical nomenclature. This implies that animals can have the same generic names as plants (e.g. there is a genus ''Abronia (other), Abronia'' in both animals and plants). The rules and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
