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Rosmarinic Acid
Rosmarinic acid, named after rosemary (''Salvia rosmarinus'' Spenn.), is a polyphenol constituent of many culinary herbs, including rosemary (''Salvia rosmarinus'' L.), perilla (''Perilla frutescens'' L.), sage (''Salvia officinalis'' L.), mint (''Mentha arvense'' L.), and basil (''Ocimum basilicum'' L.). History Rosmarinic acid was first isolated and characterized in 1958 by the Italian chemists Scarpatti and Oriente from rosemary ('' Salvia rosmarinus''), after which the acid is named. Chemistry Chemically, rosmarinic acid is a caffeic acid ester, with tyrosine providing another phenolic ring via dihydroxyphenyl-lactic acid. It has a molecular mass of 360 daltons. Natural occurrences Rosmarinic acid accumulation is shown in hornworts, in the fern family Blechnaceae, and in species of several orders of mono- and dicotyledonous angiosperms. It is found most notably in many Lamiaceae (dicotyledons in the order Lamiales), especially in the subfamily Nepetoideae. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosemary
''Salvia rosmarinus'' (), commonly known as rosemary, is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers. It is a member of the sage family, Lamiaceae. The species is native to the Mediterranean region, as well as Portugal and Spain. It has a number of cultivars and its leaves are commonly used as a flavoring. Description Rosemary has a fibrous root system. It forms an aromatic evergreen shrub with leaves similar to '' Tsuga'' needles. Forms range from upright to trailing; the upright forms can reach between tall. The leaves are evergreen, long and broad, green above, and white below, with dense, short, woolly hair. The plant flowers in spring and summer in temperate climates, but the plants can be in constant bloom in warm climates; flowers are white, pink, purple or deep blue. The branches are dotted with groups of 2 to 3 flowers down its length. Rosemary also has a tendency to flower outside its normal flowering season; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angiosperms
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit. The group was formerly called Magnoliophyta. Angiosperms are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees, shrubs and vines, and most aquatic plants. Angiosperms are distinguished from the other major seed plant clade, the gymnosperms, by having flowers, xylem consisting of vessel elements instead of tracheids, endosperm within their seeds, and fruits that completely envelop the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ancestor of all living gymnosperms before the end of the Carbonifero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thalia (plant)
''Thalia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Marantaceae ( prayer plant and arrowroot) family found mainly in aquatic, marshy and riparian zones in Eastern, Central and Western Africa West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ma ...—as far south as Zimbabwe—and the Americas, from Illinois in the north, through northern Argentina in the southern part of its range. These plants can (and prefer to) grow with their roots and rhizomes fully submerged and their foliage growing emersed from the water's surface. They thrive in Floodplain, floodplains, Vernal pool, vernal pools and other seasonally-inundated areas, as well. Alligator-flag is a common name for plants in this genus. The generic name is in honor of Johannes Thal (1542–1583), a German doctor who wrote ''A Flora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maranta Depressa
Maranta can refer to: *The Marantaceae family of "prayer plants", including arrowroot * ''Maranta'' (plant), a genus within that family Maranta as a personal name may refer to: *In author citation (botany) In botanical nomenclature, author citation is the way of citing the person or group of people who validly published a botanical name, i.e. who first published the name while fulfilling the formal requirements as specified by the ''International Cod ..., Maranta is Bartolomeo Maranta, the 16th century botanist for whom the Marantaceae are named and also a literary theorist * Barry Maranta, Australian sports administrator * Lachlan Maranta (born 1992), Australian Rugby League player, Grandson of Barry Maranta * Edgar Aristide Maranta (1897–1975), Swiss-born archbishop of Zanzibar *Maranta, a character in the Dragonlance series; see List of minor Dragonlance characters#Kang's Regiment {{Disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maranta Leuconeura
''Maranta leuconeura'', widely known as the prayer plant due to its daily sunlight-dependent movements (which are said to resemble hands “in-prayer”), is a species of flowering plant in the family Marantaceae native to the Brazilian tropical forests. It is a variable, rhizomatous perennial, growing to tall and broad, with crowded clumps of evergreen, strikingly-marked oval leaves, each up to long. The plant spreads itself horizontally, carpeting an entire small area of forest floor, sending roots into the substrate at each leaf node. ''Maranta'', in-addition to fellow “prayer-plant” genera (like '' Calathea'', '' Ctenanthe'', '' Goeppertia'' and '' Stromanthe''), is closely related to such groups as '' Alpinia'', ''Ensete'', '' Canna'', '' Curcuma'', '' Heliconia'', ''Musa'' and '' Zingiber''. Description The specific epithet ''leuconeura'' means "white-veined", referring to the leaves. The leaves have a habit of lying flat during the day, and folding in an e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maranta (plant)
''Maranta'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Marantaceae, native plant, native to tropical Central and South America and the West Indies. ''Maranta'' was named for Bartolomeo Maranta, an Italian physician and botanist of the sixteenth century. About 40-50 species are currently recognized. They all have rhizomes and naturally form perennial plant, perennial clumps. The crowded oval, evergreen Leaf, leaves are undivided with sheathing Plant stem, stalks. The leaves are flat by day and folded up as the day comes to an end, hence the common name "prayer plant" which attaches to the genus and its species - notably ''M. leuconeura''. The flowers are small with three petals and two larger petal-like staminodes. Cultivation ''Maranta arundinacea'' is cultivated to produce the edible starch arrowroot. Some species such as ''Maranta leuconeura'' (prayer plant) and ''M. arundinacea'' are grown as houseplants in a warmish house or conservatory environment. They ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marantaceae
The Marantaceae are a family, the arrowroot family, or the prayer plant family, of flowering plants consisting of 31 genera and around 530 species, defining it as one of the most species-rich families in its order. Kennedy, H. (2000). “Diversification in pollination mechanisms in the Marantaceae”. Pp. 335-343 in Monocots: systematics and evolution, eds. K. L. Wilson and D. A. Morrison. Melbourne: CSIROLey, A. C., and Claßen-Bockhoff, R. (2011). “Evolution in African Marantaceae - evidence from phylogenetic, ecological and morphological studies”. Syst. Bot. 36, 277–290. doi: 10.1600/036364411X569480 Species of this family are found in lowland tropical forests of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The majority (80%) of the species are found in the American tropics, followed by Asian (11%) and African (9%) tropics. They are commonly called the prayer-plant family and are also known for their unique secondary pollination presentation. Description The plants usually have underg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peppermint
Peppermint (''Mentha'' × ''piperita'') is a Hybrid (biology), hybrid species of Mentha, mint, a cross between Mentha aquatica, watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world.Euro+Med Plantbase Project''Mentha'' × ''piperita''/ref> It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.Flora of NW Europe''Mentha'' × ''piperita'' Although the genus ''Mentha'' comprises more than 25 species, the one in most common use is peppermint. While Western peppermint is derived from ''Mentha × piperita'', Chinese peppermint, or ''bohe'', is derived from the fresh leaves of ''M. haplocalyx''. ''M. × piperita'' and ''M. haplocalyx'' are both recognized as plant sources of menthol and menthone, and are among the oldest herbs used for both culinary and medicinal products. Botany Peppermint was first identified in Hertfordshire, England, by a Dr. Eales, a discovery which John Ray publish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thyme
Thyme () is a culinary herb consisting of the dried aerial parts of some members of the genus ''Thymus (plant), Thymus'' of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymes are native to Eurasia and north Africa. Thymes have culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The species most commonly cultivated and used for culinary purposes is ''Thymus vulgaris'', native to Southeast Europe. History Thymus serpyllum, Wild thyme grows in the Levant, where it might have been first cultivated. Ancient Egyptians used common thyme (''Thymus vulgaris'') for embalming. The Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks used it in their baths and burnt it as incense in their temples, believing it was a source of courage. The spread of thyme throughout Europe was thought to be due to the Ancient Rome, Romans, as they used it to purify their rooms and to "give an aromatic flavour to cheese and liqueurs". In the European Middle Ages, the herb was placed beneath pillows to aid sleep and ward off nightmares ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marjoram
Marjoram (, ''Origanum majorana'') is a cold-sensitive perennial plant, perennial herb or undershrub with sweet pine and citrus flavours. In some Middle Eastern countries, marjoram is synonymous with oregano, and there the names sweet marjoram and knotted marjoram are used to distinguish it from other plants of the genus ''Origanum''. It is also called pot marjoram, although this name is also used for other cultivated species of ''Origanum''. History Marjoram is indigenous to Cyprus, the Mediterranean, Turkey, Western Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Levant, and was known to the ancient Ancient Greece, Greeks and Ancient Rome, Romans as a symbol of happiness. It may have spread to the British Isles during the Middle Ages. Marjoram was not widely used in the United States until after World War II. The name marjoram (Old French: ''majorane''; ) does not directly derive from the Latin word (major). Marjoram is related to Samhain, the Ancient Celtic religion, Celtic pagan ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melissa Officinalis
Lemon balm (''Melissa officinalis'') is a perennial herbaceous plant in the mint family. It has lemon-scented leaves, white or pale pink flowers, and contains essential oils and compounds like geranial and neral. It grows to a maximum height of . The species is native to south-central Europe, the Mediterranean, Central Asia, and Iran, is now naturalized worldwide and grows easily from seed in rich, moist soil. The name ''Melissa officinalis'' comes from the Greek word for “honey bee,” due to the plant’s bee-attracting flowers, and the Latin ''officinalis'', referring to its traditional use in apothecaries. It has been cultivated (and used to attract honey bees) since at least the 16th century. Lemon balm grows vigorously from seed or vegetative fragments in temperate zones, with key producers like Hungary, Egypt, and Italy cultivating various cultivars for hand-harvested leaves and low-yield essential oil, notably in Ireland. Lemon balm is used in Carmelite Water, as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ocimum Tenuiflorum
''Ocimum tenuiflorum'', commonly known as holy basil, ''tulasi'' or ''tulsi'' (), is an aromatic perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is widely cultivated throughout the Southeast Asian tropics. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Australia and the western Pacific. This plant has escaped from cultivation and has naturalized in many tropical regions of the Americas. It is an agricultural and environmental weed. ''Tulasi'' is cultivated for religious and traditional medicine purposes, and also for its essential oil. It is widely used as an herbal tea, commonly used in Ayurveda. It has a place within the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism, in which devotees perform worship involving the plant or its leaves. Morphology Holy basil is an erect, many-branched subshrub, tall with hairy stems. Leaves are green or purple; they are simple, petioled, with an ovate blade up to long, which usually has a slightly toothed margin; they are strongly scented and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
