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V L
VL and variants may refer to: Science and technology * Daisy V/L, the first production rifle for caseless ammunition * Ventral lateral nucleus, a component of the thalamus in the central nervous system * Visceral leishmaniasis, an infectious disease Transportation * Holden Commodore (VL), an automobile introduced by Holden in 1986 * City Airlines (IATA code: VL), a German regional airline subsidiary of Lufthansa * Air VIA (former IATA code: VL), a Bulgarian charter airline * , the former Finnish State aircraft manufacturer Abbreviations * ''Vapauden liitto'', the Freedom Alliance, Finnish political party Other uses * ''Verbotene Liebe'', ("Forbidden Love"), a German soap opera * Flanders (), one of the three regions of Belgium * Volume licensing, using one license for many computers or users * Vulgar Latin, nonstandard sociolects of Latin from which the Romance languages developed See also * Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL), for rockets * V equals L * V&L, Dutch h ...
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Daisy V/L
The Daisy V/L was the first production rifle for caseless ammunition. It was released in 1968 by Daisy Outdoor Products. In 1961, Cass Hough, the president of Daisy Heddon division of Victor Comptometer, purchased the design of a new firearm system. The new system was developed by a Belgian chemist named Jules Van Langenhover. The new gun would be known as the Daisy V/L rifle. The Daisy V/L ammunition consisted of a .22 caliber bullet with a small cylinder of propellant on the back, and no primer. The rifle resembled a typical spring-air rifle, but the high-pressure air served not only to propel the projectile, but also to ignite the propellant on the back of the Daisy V/L cartridge. The rifle uses a small, unique, and well designed part called an Obturator (obturator/ignitor) to compress the air as it is pushed through a tiny hole. This air is heated as it is pushed through the small hole enough to ignite the powder of the caseless round. The Daisy V/L rifles and ammunition we ...
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VLE (other)
VLE may refer to: Science and technology * Vapor–liquid equilibrium, in thermodynamics and chemical engineering * Virtual learning environment, in educational technology * Maximum landing gear extended speed (VLE), a V speed in aviation * Variable-length encoding, an information theory technique for assigning shorter encoding to more frequently-occurring sequences ** Variable-length encoding of an instruction set, as is used in a variable-length instruction set ** Variable-length, aka variable-width encoding Other uses * ''Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia Universal is the adjective for universe. Universal may also refer to: Companies * NBCUniversal, a media and entertainment company that is a subsidiary of Comcast ** Universal Animation Studios, an American Animation studio, and a subsidiary of ...'' () See also * VL (other) {{disambiguation ...
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V Equals L
The axiom of constructibility is a possible axiom for set theory in mathematics that asserts that every set is constructible. The axiom is usually written as ''V'' = ''L''. The axiom, first investigated by Kurt Gödel, is inconsistent with the proposition that zero sharp exists and stronger large cardinal axioms (see list of large cardinal properties). Generalizations of this axiom are explored in inner model theory. Implications The axiom of constructibility implies the axiom of choice (AC), given Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice (ZF). It also settles many natural mathematical questions that are independent of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC); for example, the axiom of constructibility implies the generalized continuum hypothesis, the negation of Suslin's hypothesis, and the existence of an analytical (in fact, \Delta^1_2) non-measurable set of real numbers, all of which are independent of ZFC. The axiom of constructibil ...
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Vertical Takeoff, Vertical Landing
Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) is a form of takeoff and landing for rockets. Multiple VTVL craft have flown. A notable VTVL vehicle was the Apollo Lunar Module which delivered the first humans to the Moon. Building on the decades of development, SpaceX utilised the VTVL concept for its flagship Falcon 9 first stage, which has delivered over List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches#Launch_statistics, three hundred successful powered landings so far. VTVL technologies were first seriously developed for the Apollo program. By the '90s, development on large reliable restartable rocket engines made it possible to use the already matured technology for rocket stages. The first pioneer was the McDonnell Douglas DC-X demonstrator. After the success of the DC-X prototype, the concept was developed substantially with small rockets after 2000, in part due to incentive prize competitions like the Lunar Lander Challenge. Starting in the mid-2000s, VTVL was under intense devel ...
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Vulgar Latin
Vulgar Latin, also known as Colloquial, Popular, Spoken or Vernacular Latin, is the range of non-formal Register (sociolinguistics), registers of Latin spoken from the Crisis of the Roman Republic, Late Roman Republic onward. ''Vulgar Latin'' as a term is both controversial and imprecise. Spoken Latin existed for a long time and in many places. Scholars have differed in opinion as to the extent of the differences, and whether Vulgar Latin was in some sense a different language. This was developed as a theory in the nineteenth century by François Just Marie Raynouard, Raynouard. At its extreme, the theory suggested that the written register formed an elite language distinct from common speech, but this is now rejected. The current consensus is that the written and spoken languages formed a continuity much as they do in modern languages, with speech tending to evolve faster than the written language, and the written, formalised language exerting pressure back on speech. ''Vulgar ...
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Volume Licensing
In software licensing, volume licensing is the practice of using one license to authorize software on a large number of computers and/or for a large number of users. Customers of such licensing schemes are typically business, governmental or educational institutions, with prices for volume licensing varying depending on the type, quantity and applicable subscription-term. For example, Microsoft software available through volume-licensing programs includes Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office. Traditionally, a volume licensing key (VLK), which could be supplied to all instances of the licensed computer program, was involved in volume licensing. With the popularity of the software as a service practices, volume licensing customers only supply their software with credentials belonging to an online user account instead, which is used for other aspects of services and provisioning. Overview Traditionally, a product key has been supplied with computer programs. It acts analogous ...
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Flanders
Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, language, politics, and history, and sometimes involving neighbouring countries. The demonym associated with Flanders is Flemings, Fleming, while the corresponding adjective is Flemish people, Flemish, which can also refer to the collective of Dutch dialects spoken in that area, or more generally the Belgian variant of Standard Dutch. Most Flemings live within the Flemish Region, which is a federal state within Belgium with its own elected government. However, like Belgium itself, the official capital of Flanders is the City of Brussels, which lies within the Brussels, Brussels-Capital Region, not the Flemish Region, and the majority of residents there are French speaking. The powers of the Flemish Government in Brussels are limited mainly ...
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Verbotene Liebe
''Verbotene Liebe'' (, "Forbidden Love") is a German television soap opera created by Reg Watson for Das Erste. The show was set primarily in the German city of Düsseldorf although, at times, the city of Cologne and the Spanish island of Mallorca figured prominently in the show's story lines. First broadcast on 2 January 1995, ''Verbotene Liebe'' was originally broadcast in 24-minute episodes, five times a week. It expanded to 45-minute episodes on 21 June 2011 and trimmed back to 40-minute episodes on 23 January 2012 to accommodate an adjusted time-slot. In 2006, Pay-TV network Passion began broadcasting episodes of the show from the beginning. ''Verbotene Liebe'' was initially based on original story and character outlines from the Australian soap opera '' Sons and Daughters'', the show was also slightly influenced by the American soap opera ''Ryan's Hope'', before evolving into a show of its own as the series progressed. The show originally focused on two core families: th ...
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Ventral Lateral Nucleus
The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus in the ventral nuclear group of the thalamus. Inputs and outputs It receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus (via the thalamic fasciculus). It also has inputs from the cerebellum (via the dentatothalamic tract). It sends neuronal output to the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex. The ventral lateral nucleus in the thalamus forms the motor functional division in the thalamic nuclei along with the ventral anterior nucleus. The ventral lateral nucleus receives motor information from the cerebellum and the globus pallidus. Output from the ventral lateral nucleus then goes to the primary motor cortex. Functions The function of the ventral lateral nucleus is to target efferents including the motor cortex, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor cortex. Therefore, its function helps the coordination and planning of movement. It also plays a role in the learn ...
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Freedom Alliance (Finland)
The Freedom Alliance (, ), is a right-wing populist registered political party in Finland. The party was founded by as a result of a split from the Power Belongs to the People (VKK) party in February 2022, receiving 5,000 signatures on 19 April 2022, and being later registered on 6 May 2022. Background The Freedom Alliance was founded by influential members of the Power Belongs to the People (VKK) party following a party split related to the Russian Federation and Vladimir Putin, alongside the leadership style and organization of the political party and the religiosity of the party. Ossi Tiihonen, who founded the Freedom Alliance, is a regional councilor for Lohja and a former member of the Finns Party and the VKK. Cia Grönborg, the former party secretary of VL, and Heli Rämäkkö, a vice-chairwoman of the VL, were both influential members of the VKK and have worked as a regional councilors for Espoo and Seinäjoki, respectively. They later left the VKK due to the leadership ...
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Valtion Lentokonetehdas
''Valtion lentokonetehdas'' (State aircraft factory) was a Finnish aircraft manufacturing company that was founded on 23 February 1928 from the IVL or I.V.L. factory (Ilmailuvoimien lentokonetehdas, Finnish Air Force Aircraft Factory), founded in 1921. The company was transferred from being subordinate to the Finnish Air Force to being subordinate to the Ministry of Defence. The company, and its products were named with the prefix VL. Island factory The company began its production at Suomenlinna and Santahamina in Helsinki. The factory did not have an airport, only the sea and sea ice could be used for take-off and landing. Most of the aircraft built in Helsinki were seaplanes. In Helsinki the aircraft built were small compared to the Bristol Blenheim bombers built under licence in the late 1930s. Much of the final assembly was done outdoors. The company was looking for a new production facility further away from the Soviet Union. Helsinki was seen as a bad location for an a ...
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