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Zdravljica
"Zdravljica" (; English: "A Toast") is a ''carmen figuratum'' poem by the 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet France Prešeren, inspired by the ideals of ''Liberté, égalité, fraternité''. It was written in 1844 and published with some changes in 1848. Four years after it was written, Slovenes living within Habsburg Empire interpreted the poem in spirit of the 1848 March Revolution as political promotion of the idea of a united Slovenia. In it, the poet also declares his belief in a free-thinking Slovene and Slavic political awareness. In 1989, it was adopted as the anthem of Slovenia, becoming the national anthem upon independence in 1991. History The integral version of the poem was first published only after the March Revolution when Austrian censorship was abolished, since the censorship did not allow for the poem to be printed earlier because of its political message. On 26 April 1848, it was published by the Slovene newspaper ''Kmetijske in rokodelske novice'', th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Anthem Of Slovenia
The national anthem of Slovenia is based on " Zdravljica" , a ''carmen figuratum'' poem by the 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet France Prešeren, inspired by the ideals of '' Liberté, égalité, fraternité'', and set to music by Stanko Premrl. As the country's national anthem, it is one of the state symbols of Slovenia. History Background Historically, the national anthem from 1860 until the beginning of the 1990s, was "Naprej, zastava slave" ("Forward, Flag of Glory"), the first ever piece of Slovene literature to be translated into English. Lyrics and music The words of the current Slovene national anthem are all or part of " Zdravljica", written by the 19th-century Slovene poet France Prešeren for which music was written by the Slovene composer Stanko Premrl in 1905. Emphasising internationalism, it was defined in 1994 as the anthem with the ''Act on the national symbols of Slovenia''. However, even before the breakup of Yugoslavia, the lyrics and music were toget ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France Prešeren
France Prešeren () (2 or 3 December 1800 – 8 February 1849) was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet whose poems have been translated into many languages.Database of translations – Prešeren , Slovene Book Agency, 2013 He has been considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Sloven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovenia
Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. Slovenia is mostly mountainous and forested, covers , and has a population of 2.1 million (2,108,708 people). Slovenes constitute over 80% of the country's population. Slovene, a South Slavic language, is the official language. Slovenia has a predominantly temperate continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral and the Julian Alps. A sub-mediterranean climate reaches to the northern extensions of the Dinaric Alps that traverse the country in a northwest–southeast direction. The Julian Alps in the northwest have an alpine climate. Toward the northeastern Pannonian Basin, a continental climate is more pronounced. Ljubljana, the capital and largest city of Slovenia, is geog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanko Premrl
Stanko Premrl (28 September 1880 – 14 March 1965) was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest, composer, and music teacher. He is best known as the composer of the music for the Slovene national anthem, "Zdravljica". Premrl was born in the village of Šent Vid (now Podnanos) in the upper Vipava Valley, in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Duchy of Carniola (now in Slovenia). He graduated from the music conservatory in Vienna. From 1909 to 1939, he served as music director at the Ljubljana Cathedral. Between 1908 and 1939, he was head of the organ school in Ljubljana. He was a significant influence on the development of Slovenian church music. He was one of the most prolific Slovenian composers of the 20th century, publishing over 2,000 songs. On 24 September 1905 he composed the music for France Prešeren's patriotic poem ''Zdravljica''. Premrl's composition soon prevailed as the most popular music for the song; by the 1940s, it had become one of the most popular Slovene patriotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carmen Figuratum
''Carmen figuratum'' (plural: ''carmina figurata'') is a poem that has a certain shape or pattern formed either by all the words it contains or just by certain ones therein. An example is France Prešeren's "Zdravljica", where the shape of each stanza resembles a wine cup. The term derives from the '' carmina figurata'' of Renaissance texts – works in which a sacred image was picked out in red letters against a field of black type so that a holy figure could be seen and meditated on during the process of reading. The carmina figurata also spread in the Carolingian period in order to spread the use and study of Latin. See also * Altar poem *Concrete poetry Concrete poetry is an arrangement of linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in conveying meaning than verbal significance. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct me ... References Graphic poetry {{Poetry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kmetijske In Rokodelske Novice
{{Unreferenced, date=July 2015 ''Kmetijske in rokodelske novice'' ( en, Agricultural and Artisan News), frequently referred to simply as ''Novice'' (''News''), was a Slovene-language newspaper in the 19th century, which had an influential role in the Slovene national revival. For its first two years of publication (1843–1844) the newspaper's name was spelled ''Kmetijſke in rokodélſke novize'' (using the Bohorič alphabet), and from 1845 onward ''Kmetijske in rokodélske novice'' (using Gaj's Latin alphabet). It was established in 1843 by the conservative editor Janez Bleiweis, who later became one of the main leaders of the Slovene national movement. Between 1843 and 1852, it was issued on a weekly basis, between 1852 and 1857 two times a week, and after 1857 again once a week. It was edited by Bleiweis until his death in 1881. Between the 1840s and the 1870s, it was the most influential newspaper in Slovene and, together with the German-language '' Laibacher Zeitung'', t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Slovenia
United Slovenia ( sl, Zedinjena Slovenija or ) is the name originally given to an unrealized political programme of the Slovene national movement, formulated during the Spring of Nations in 1848. The programme demanded (a) unification of all the Slovene-inhabited areas into one single kingdom under the rule of the Austrian Empire, (b) equal rights of Slovene in public, and (c) strongly opposed the planned integration of the Habsburg monarchy with the German Confederation. The programme failed to meet its main objectives, but it remained the common political program of all currents within the Slovene national movement until World War I. Historical context Following the Vienna Rebellion that forced Ferdinand I to abolish feudalism and adopt a constitution, many nations of the Austrian Empire saw a chance for strengthening their ideas. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, for the first time in centuries, all Slovenes were under the rule of one emperor. They were, however, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohorič Alphabet
The Bohorič alphabet ( sl, bohoričica) was an orthography used for Slovene between the 16th and 19th centuries. Origins Its name is derived from Adam Bohorič, who codified the alphabet in his book ''Articae Horulae Succisivae''. It was printed in 1583 and published in 1584. The Bohorič alphabet was first used by the Lutheran preacher Primož Trubar, the author of the first printed book in Slovene. However, Trubar did not follow strict rules and often used alternate spellings for the same word. Characteristics The alphabet consists of 25 letters (including 3 digraphs) in the following order: The Bohorič alphabet differs from the modern Slovene alphabet in the following letters: (In these cases, the values of the Bohorič letters somewhat resemble German.) In the early Bohorič alphabet, some letters shared majuscule forms: *I was the majuscule form of i and j *V was the majuscule form of u and v *S was the majuscule form of s and ſ *SH was the majuscule form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Periodical
A periodical literature (also called a periodical publication or simply a periodical) is a published work that appears in a new edition on a regular schedule. The most familiar example is a newspaper, but a magazine or a journal are also examples of periodicals. These publications cover a wide variety of topics, from academic, technical, trade, and general interest to leisure and entertainment. Articles within a periodical are usually organized around a single main subject or theme and include a title, date of publication, author(s), and brief summary of the article. A periodical typically contains an editorial section that comments on subjects of interest to its readers. Other common features are reviews of recently published books and films, columns that express the author's opinions about various topics, and advertisements. A periodical is a serial publication. A book is also a serial publication, but is not typically called a periodical. An encyclopedia or dictionary is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial And Royal
The phrase Imperial and Royal (German: ''kaiserlich und königlich'', ), typically abbreviated as ''k. u. k.'', ''k. und k.'', ''k. & k.'' in German (the "und" is always spoken unabbreviated), ''cs. és k. (császári és királyi)'' in Hungarian, ''c. a k. (císařský a královský)'' in Czech, ''C. i K. (Cesarski i Królewski)'' in Polish, ''c. in k. (cesarski in kraljevski)'' in Slovenian, ''c. i kr. (carski i kraljevski)'' in Croatian, ''ц. и кр. (царски и краљевски)'' in Serbian, and I.R. (''Imperiale Regio'') in Italian, refers to the court/government of the Habsburgs in a broader historical perspective. Some modern authors restrict its use to the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. During that period, it indicated that the Habsburg monarch reigned simultaneously as the ''Kaiser'' ( Emperor of Austria) and as the ''König'' ( King of Hungary), while the two territories were joined in a real union (akin to a two-state federation in thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davorin Jenko
Davorin Jenko (born Martin Jenko; 9 November 1835 – 25 November 1914) was a Slovene composer. He is sometimes considered the father of Slovenian national Romantic music. Among other songs, he composed the melody for the Serbian national anthem "Bože pravde" ("God of Justice"), the former Slovenian national anthem "Naprej, zastava Slave" ("Forward, Flag of Glory!"), and the popular Serbian and Montenegrin song " Serbian Marseillaise". Biography Jenko was born as Martin Jenko in the Upper Carniolan village of Dvorje, in what was then the Austrian Empire. After graduating from high school in Trieste, he went to Vienna, where he studied law. During his Viennese stay, he founded the Slovene Choir Society in Vienna, which was sponsored by the national liberal politician Valentin Zarnik. In 1862, he moved to the town of Pančevo in southern Vojvodina, Serbia, where he worked as the choirmaster of the local Serbian Orthodox Church. He later moved on the other side of the Austrian-Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benjamin Ipavec
Benjamin Ipavec (24 December 1829 – 20 December 1908) was one of the foremost Slovene Romantic composers. A native of Šentjur, he lived in that town for much of his life. He was a physician in his professional life; as a composer he wrote mainly small choral pieces for amateur forces. He wrote the first Slovene operetta, titled '. His brother Gustav and nephew Josip were both active as physicians and composers as well. Ipavec died in Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popula ... on 20 December 1908 and he was buried there two days later.Štajerske novice: Pogreb pok. dr. B. Ipavica. 1908. ''Domovina'' 18(148) (23 December): 2. See also * List of Slovenian composers References External links * * * 1829 births 1908 deaths Romantic composers Slovenian classi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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