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Zarafshon (river)
The Zarafshon is a river in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan in Central Asia. Its name, "spreader of gold" in Persian, refers to the presence of gold-bearing sands in the upper reaches of the river. To the ancient Greeks it was known as the ''Polytimetus''. It was also formerly known as ''Sughd River''. The river is long and has a basin area of . Geographic position It rises at the Zeravshan Glacier, close to where the Turkestan Range and the Zeravshan Range of the Pamir-Alay mountains meet, in Tajikistan. In its upper course, upstream from its confluence with the Fan Darya, it is also called ''Matcha''. It flows due west for some , passing Panjakent before entering Uzbekistan at , where it turns west-to-north-west, flowing past the legendary city of Samarkand, where it feeds the Dargom Canal, which is entirely dependent on the oasis thus created, until it bends left again to the west north of Navoiy and further to the south-west, passing Bukhara before it is lost in the desert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayni District
Ayni District, also ''Aini District'' (; , ''Nohiyayi Aynī''), is a Districts of Tajikistan, district in the southern part of Sughd Region, Tajikistan, straddling the middle course of the river Zeravshan (river), Zeravshan. Its capital is the town of Ayni, Ayni District, Ayni (), located on the Zeravshan. The population of the district is 83,600 (January 2020 estimate). It was named after the Tajik national poet Sadriddin Ayni (). Administrative divisions The district has an area of about and is divided administratively into one town and seven jamoats of Tajikistan, jamoats. They are as follows:Jamoat-level basic indicators United Nations Development Programme in Tajikistan, accessed 2 October 2020 References External links * Districts of Tajikistan Su ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; , ''BSE'') is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Great Russian Encyclopedia'' in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia". Origins The idea of the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' emerged in 1923 on the initiative of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which included Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press, Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was agreed to in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky, People' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edgar Knobloch
Dr. Edgar Knobloch (11 November 1927 – 3 February 2013) was a Czech writer who specialised in the history of Central Asia and the Islamic world. He studied Middle Eastern history at the Charles University and the Oriental Institute in Prague. He travelled extensively and first visited Central Asia in 1959. He became a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in 1999. '''', Vol. 165, No. 2 (July 1999), p. 250. Selected publications Czech and Russian language works * ''Kulja'' (s Richardem Blahou, Prešov, 1960, rusky) * ''V srdci Ázie'' (1961, slovensky) * ''V srdci Asie'' (první vydání SNDK 1962 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasily Bartold
Vasily Vladimirovich Bartold (; – 19 August 1930), who published in the West under his German baptismal name, Wilhelm Barthold, was a Russian orientalist who specialized in the history of Islam and the Turkic peoples ( Turkology). Biography Barthold was born in Saint Petersburg to a Russianized German family. His career spanned the last decades of the Russian Empire and the first years of the Soviet Union. In 1899, Stanley Lane-Poole's book ''The Mohammedan Dynasties'' was published in Barthold's translation with numerous corrections of the translator. In 1900, after defending his thesis ''Turkestan in the Age of the Mongol Invasion'' (Parts 1 and 2, Saint Petersburg, 1898–1900), Bartold received the degree of Doctor of Oriental History. In 1901, Bartold was appointed Extraordinary and in 1906 Ordinary Professor of St. Petersburg University. He was the secretary of the Russian Committee for the Exploration of Central and East Asia, founded in 1903. In 1904, he m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarafshan Bridge
Zarafshan Bridge (Uzbek: Zarafshon suvayirgʻich koʻprigi) is an architectural monument located 7–8 km northeast of Samarkand on the left bank of the Zarafshan River (Samarkand Region, Uzbekistan). The bridge was built in the year 1502 by the order of Muhammad Shaybani. It served as a water divider on the Zarafshan River, giving rise to two branches—Akdarya and Karadarya. History Zarafshan Water Bridge is located 7–8 km northeast of Samarkand on the left bank of the Zarafshan River. Currently, it is situated slightly below the railway bridge in the form of a massive brick arch, which is one of the spans of this bridge. In historical sources, the bridge is mentioned under various names such as "Timur's Arch," "Puli Shadman Malik," and "Abdullah Khan's Bridge". In the mid-15th century, the bridge across the Zarafshan River was destroyed by a flood. The construction history of this monument is detailed in the work "Sheybani-name" by Kamal ad-Din Binai, a historian an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarafshan (other)
Zarafshan, Zarafshon or Zeravshan may refer to: *Zarafshan, Tajikistan * Zarafshon, Uzbekistan * Zarafshan Airport, Uzbekistan *Zarafshon (river), in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan *Zarafshan Range The Zarafshan Range, formerly the Zeravshan Range, is a mountain range in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, part of the Pamir-Alay mountains. Almost all of the range belongs to the drainage basins of the Zarafshan River. The Persian name is believed ..., in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan * Nasser Zarafshan, Iranian novelist and attorney with long imprisonment on grounds of his human rights activities {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navoiy Region
Navoiy Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan. It is located in the central north/northwest of the country. It covers an area of (a large part of which is taken up by the Kyzyl-Kum desert), which makes it the largest of the regions of Uzbekistan (the autonomous Karakalpakstan Republic is still larger at 166,590 km2). The Navoiy region borders with Kazakhstan, Samarqand Region, Buxoro Region, Jizzakh Region, and the Karakalpakstan Republic. The population is estimated to be 1,033,857 in 2022, with 51% living in rural areas. The capital is Navoiy (pop. ~146,900). The region and its capital are named after the poet Ali-Shir Nava'i. The climate is a typically semi-desert continental climate. Navoiy region has significant natural resources, especially natural gas, petroleum, and precious metals, plus raw materials for construction. The region's economy is heavily dependent on large mining, metallurgical and chemical production complexes. The Navoi and Zarafshan mines prod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarafshon
Zarafshon (, ) is a city in the center of Uzbekistan's Navoiy Region. Administratively, it is a district-level city, that includes the urban-type settlement Muruntau. It has an area of and 85,100 inhabitants (2021). Located in the Kyzylkum Desert, it receives water from the Amudarya by a 220-km pipeline. Zarafshon is calle"the gold capital of Uzbekistan" It is home of the Navoi Mining & Metallurgy Combinat's Central Mining Administration, charged with mining and processing gold from the nearby Muruntau open-pit mine. Between 1995 and 2006, the Muruntau gold mining and processing operation was run by thZarafshan-Newmont Joint Venture a foreign direct investment by Newmont Mining Corporation of Denver, Colorado (at the time the largest U.S. investor in Uzbekistan - it was also the first major Western investment in the region since the breakup of the Soviet Union). Uzbekistan expropriated the company's assets in 2006 and by 2007 had taken full ownership of the mine. Zarafshan Ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amu Darya
The Amu Darya ( ),() also shortened to Amu and historically known as the Oxus ( ), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan. Rising in the Pamir Mountains, north of the Hindu Kush, the Amu Darya is formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh River, Vakhsh and Panj River, Panj rivers, in the Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve on the border between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, and flows from there north-westwards into the South Aral Sea, southern remnants of the Aral Sea. In its upper course, the river forms part of Afghanistan's northern border with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. In ancient history, the river was regarded as the boundary of Greater Iran with Turan, which roughly corresponded to present-day Central Asia.B. SpulerĀmū Daryā in Encyclopædia Iranica, online ed., 2009 The Amu Darya has a flow of about 70 cubic kilometres per year on average. Names In classical antiquity, the river was known as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navoiy
Navoiy ( ; ) is a city and the capital of Navoiy Region in the central part of Uzbekistan. Administratively, it is a district-level city, that includes the urban-type settlement Tinchlik, Navoiy, Tinchlik. The city is named after Alisher Navoiy. As of 2024, its population was 161,300 inhabitants. History The city was founded in 1958, near the "Old city" originally known as Karmana under the Emirate of Bukhara, under the name of the great poet and statesman Alisher Navoiy, who wrote in Persian language, Persian and Chagatai language, Chaghatai at the court of Emir Husein Boykara (or Husayn Bayqarah, Husayn Bayqaro) in Herat. Even though the town is very young, it has rich history in this area and its surroundings. The Great Silk Road went through the region in ancient times. Archeological research in the area has also produced findings of numerous traces of Ancient Saki, Khorezm and Baktriya cultures. Government Population Main sites * The Rabati Malik is a heavily f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oasis
In ecology, an oasis (; : oases ) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environmentBattesti, Vincent (2005) Jardins au désert: Évolution des pratiques et savoirs oasiens: Jérid tunisien. Paris: IRD éditions. . that sustains plant life and provides habitat for animals. Surface water may be present, or water may only be accessible from wells or underground channels created by humans. In geography, an oasis may be a current or past rest stop on a transportation route, or less-than-verdant location that nonetheless provides access to underground water through deep wells created and maintained by humans. Although they depend on a natural condition, such as the presence of water that may be stored in reservoirs and us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
