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War In Europe (game)
''War in Europe'' is a grand strategic "monster" board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1976 that attempts to simulate the entirety of World War II's European theater of operations from 1939 to 1945. One of the largest wargames ever produced, ''War in Europe'' features 4000 counters, four rulebooks, and nine maps that when placed together cover an area of 38.5 ft2 (3.6 m2). The game is nominally a three-player game (Allied, Axis, Soviet), but each side can be represented by teams of players. SPI estimated the full game would take at least 180 hours. Description In 1974, SPI had produced '' War in the East'', a "monster" wargame (having more than 1000 counters) that simulated the Eastern Front conflict between Germany and the Soviet Union from "Operation Barbarossa" in 1941 until Germany's surrender in 1945. Two years later, in 1976, SPI published '' War in the West'', which covered the Allied-German conflict in Western Europe and North Africa. Late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Board Wargame
A board wargame is a wargame with a set playing surface or board, as opposed to being played on a computer or in a more free-form playing area as in miniatures games. The modern, commercial wargaming hobby (as distinct from military exercises, or war games) developed in 1954 following the publication and commercial success of '' Tactics''.. The board wargaming hobby continues to enjoy a sizeable following, with a number of game publishers and gaming conventions dedicated to the hobby both in the English-speaking world and further afield. In the United States, commercial board wargames (often shortened to "wargames" for brevity) were popularized in the early 1970s. Elsewhere, notably Great Britain where miniatures had evolved its own commercial hobby, a smaller following developed. The genre is still known for a number of common game-play conventions (or game mechanics) that were developed early on. The early history of board wargaming was dominated by The Avalon Hill Game ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Interdiction
Air interdiction (AI), also known as deep air support (DAS), is the use of preventive tactical bombing and strafing by combat aircraft against enemy targets that are not an immediate threat, to delay, disrupt or hinder later enemy engagement of friendly forces. It is a core capability of virtually all military air forces, and has been conducted in conflicts since World War I. A distinction is often made between tactical and strategic air interdiction, depending on the objectives of the operation. Typical objectives in tactical interdiction are meant to affect events rapidly and locally, for example through direct destruction of forces or supplies en route to the active battle area. By contrast, strategic objectives are often broader and more long-term, with fewer direct attacks on enemy fighting capabilities, instead focusing on infrastructure, logistics and other supportive assets. The term deep air support relates to close air support and denotes the difference between thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moves (magazine)
''Moves'' was a wargaming magazine originally published by SPI (Simulations Publications, Inc.), who also published manual wargames. Their flagship magazine ''Strategy & Tactics'' (''S&T''), was a military history magazine featuring a new wargame in each issue. While S&T was devoted to historical articles, ''Moves'' focused on the play of the games. Each issue carried articles dealing with strategies for different wargames, tactical tips, and many variants and scenarios for existing games. As time passed, reviews of new games also became an important feature. While the majority of the articles dealt with SPI games, the magazine was open to and published many articles on games by other companies. Founded by Jim Dunnigan, ''Moves'' began publication in 1972. SPI carried a huge inventory of their games, and was very successful as a direct mail marketer of their games. But with the rise of role playing games and multimillion-dollar sales for that arm of gaming, SPI expanded into hobb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airfix Magazine
''Airfix Magazine'' was the first British magazine dedicated to the hobby of plastic modelling. It was launched in 1960 in association with the model kit company Airfix, and ceased publication in 1993. Originally a small-format magazine, it increased in sized eventually to A4 format in January 1976. It covered various scale modelling subjects, including aircraft, railways, ships, vehicles (military and civilian), and military figures. Although carrying the Airfix branding, the magazine was impartial in its editorial content and featured kits from other manufacturers. History The first issue was dated June 1960. The title was taken over by PSL Publications Ltd. in 1967. From 1978, it was produced by a succession of small publishers (with some interruptions) until September 1987. The title was subsequently acquired by Alan W. Hall (Publications) Ltd. and publishing resumed with the September 1988 issue. Occasionally reduced to a bi-monthly {{Short pages monitor [Baidu] |
JagdPanther (magazine)
''JagdPanther'' is a game magazine that was published from 1973 to 1976. Publication history In 1973, while a student at Texas Tech, Stephen V. Cole started playing ''PanzerBlitz'', a tactical-level World War II wargame published by Avalon Hill. Cole grew so enamored of the game that he conceived of a series of variants and expansions that he called "PanzerBlitz Unlimited". In order to provide a forum for this, he founded the company JagdPanther Publications to produce the fanzine ''JagdPanther'', dedicated to ''PanzerBlitz'' and other World War II wargames. The quarterly publication featured complete small games in every issue as well as scenarios and variants for existing games. The first issue, published in April 1973, contained the first article on PanzerBlitz Unlimited, an article on World War II mechanized combat, a variant for the wargame ''Borodino'', and two reviews of commercial wargames, as well as several original mini-games — the squad-level WWII game ''MP44'', a fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fire & Movement
''Fire & Movement: The Forum of Conflict Simulation'' was a magazine devoted to wargames, both traditional board wargames and computer wargames. It was founded by Rodger MacGowan in 1975, and began publication the following year. In February 1982, Fire & Movement was acquired by Steve Jackson Games. In January 1985 the magazine was sold again to Diverse Talents Inc. (DTI). In 1988, World Wide Wargames (also known as 3W) acquired Diverse Talents Inc. (DTI), publisher of ''Fire & Movement'', ''Battleplan'' and ''Space Gamer'', leading to a complete merger of the two companies. 3W then continued on to publish four gaming magazines simultaneously. John Vanore was the only "outsider" appointed to editorial duties, taking the reins of ''F&M'' at the time. ''F&M'' is now published by Decision Games. In January 2010, the last "print" edition of the magazine was published. Editing and layout had been outsourced to Jon Compton to preserve the independence of the magazine content, but subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The First World War (wargame)
''The First World War'', subtitled "August 1914–November 1918", is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1977 that simulates World War I. The game is an expansion of the SPI "monster" game '' War in Europe'', and does not come with maps; players must own a copy of ''War in Europe'' and must re-mark the World War II maps with fortifications and national boundaries representing Europe in 1914. Description ''The First World War'' is a highly complex "monster" wargame with 2000 die-cut counters that are used on six of the 22" x 34" paper hex grid maps taken from ''War in Europe''. Changes related to Europe in 1914 have to be marked on the maps. Each nation starts with a National Morale level. As morale falls during the war, this affects supply, combat proficiency and movement of reserves. When morale falls to zero, the nation drops out of the war. Resource Points are required to launch offenses and build new units, but armies only receive a fresh s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jon Freeman (game Designer)
Jon Freeman is a game designer and co-founder of software developer Automated Simulations, which was later renamed to Epyx and became a major company during the 8-bit era of home computing. He is married to game programmer Anne Westfall, and they work together as Free Fall Associates. Free Fall is best known for '' Archon: The Light and the Dark'', one of the earliest titles from Electronic Arts. Career Automated Simulations and Epyx Freeman worked as a game designer for video game developer and publisher, Epyx, which he co-founded with Jim Connelley in 1978 as Automated Simulations. Their first game, '' Starfleet Orion'', was a two-player only game developed mainly so Connelley could write off the cost of his Commodore PET computer. Freeman provided design while Connelley handled the programming in BASIC. Freeman was amazed when they actually had a finished product and they had to create a company to publish it. So, both he and Connelley fell into the computer game industry by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Dunnigan
James F. Dunnigan (born 8 August 1943) is an author, military-political analyst, Defense and State Department consultant, and wargame designer currently living in New York City. Career Dunnigan was born in Rockland County, New York. After high school, he volunteered for the military instead of waiting to be drafted. From 1961 to 1964, he worked as a repair technician for the Sergeant ballistic missile; his service included a tour in Korea. Afterwards, he attended Pace University studying accounting, then transferred to Columbia University, graduating with a degree in history in 1970. While still in college, he became involved in wargaming. He designed '' Jutland'', which Avalon Hill published in 1967, following it up with ''1914'' the next year, and ''PanzerBlitz'' in 1970, which eventually sold more than 300,000 copies. Meanwhile, Dunnigan had founded his own company, initially known as Poultron Press, and which soon became Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI). Dunniga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panzer Division
A Panzer division was one of the armored (tank) divisions in the army of Nazi Germany during World War II. Panzer divisions were the key element of German success in the blitzkrieg operations of the early years of World War II. Later the Waffen-SS formed its own ''panzer divisions'', and even the Luftwaffe fielded an elite panzer division: the Hermann Göring Division. A panzer division was a combined arms formation, having both tanks (german: Panzerkampfwagen, , usually shortened to ""), mechanized and motorized infantry, along with artillery, anti-aircraft and other integrated support elements. At the start of the war, panzer divisions were more effective than the equivalent Allied armored divisions due to their combined arms doctrine, even though they had fewer and generally less technically-advanced tanks. By mid-war, though German tanks had often become technically superior to Allied tanks, Allied armored warfare and combined arms doctrines generally caught up with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panzergrenadier
''Panzergrenadier'' (), abbreviated as ''PzG'' (WWII) or ''PzGren'' (modern), meaning '' "Armour"-ed fighting vehicle "Grenadier"'', is a German term for mechanized infantry units of armoured forces who specialize in fighting from and in conjunction with infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) – that is, armoured troop carriers designed to carry a mechanized squad of six to eight soldiers into combat while providing direct fire support for those troops. Panzergrenadier combat is conducted in close cooperation with IFVs. Each Panzergrenadier squad has its own designated IFV during battle. Combat can be conducted either from within the vehicle (so-called ''"mounted combat"'') using portholes in the walls or hatches on the roof, etc, or from outside the vehicle in its vicinity (so-called ''"dismounted combat"'') using dismount-hatches at the back of the vehicle. Combat missions consist of ambushing, fire support, reconnaissance, spearhead attacks, etc. Depending on the armament, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly Temperate climate, temperate-continental climate, and an area of , with a population of around 19 million. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iași, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. The Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a southeasterly direction for , before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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