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Wide Dynamic Range
In photography and videography, multi-exposure HDR capture is a technique that creates high dynamic range (HDR) images (or extended dynamic range images) by taking and combining multiple exposures of the same subject matter at different Exposure (photography), exposures. Combining multiple images in this way results in an image with a greater dynamic range than what would be possible by taking one single image. The technique can also be used to capture video by taking and combining multiple exposures for each frame of the video. The term "HDR" is used frequently to refer to the process of creating HDR images from multiple exposures. Many smartphones have an automated HDR feature that relies on computational imaging techniques to capture and combine multiple exposures. A single image captured by a camera provides a finite range of Luminosity function, luminosity inherent to the medium, whether it is a digital sensor or film. Outside this range, tonal information is lost and no fea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris (anatomy)
The iris (: irides or irises) is a thin, annular structure in the eye in most mammals and birds that is responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil, and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. In optical terms, the pupil is the eye's aperture, while the iris is the diaphragm (optics), diaphragm. Eye color is defined by the iris. Etymology The word "iris" is derived from the Greek word for "rainbow", also Iris (mythology), its goddess plus messenger of the gods in the ''Iliad'', because of the many eye color, colours of this eye part. Structure The iris consists of two layers: the front pigmented Wikt:fibrovascular, fibrovascular layer known as a stroma of iris, stroma and, behind the stroma, pigmented epithelial cells. The stroma is connected to a sphincter muscle (sphincter pupillae), which contracts the pupil in a circular motion, and a set of dilator muscles (dilator pupillae), which pull the iris radially to enlarge the pupil, pulling it in folds. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamma Correction
Gamma correction or gamma is a Nonlinearity, nonlinear operation used to encode and decode Relative luminance, luminance or CIE 1931 color space#Tristimulus values, tristimulus values in video or still image systems. Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following Power law, power-law expression: : V_\text = A V_\text^\gamma, where the non-negative real input value V_\text is raised to the power \gamma and multiplied by the constant ''A'' to get the output value V_\text. In the common case of , inputs and outputs are typically in the range 0–1. A gamma value \gamma 1 is called a ''decoding gamma'', and the application of the expansive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma expansion. Explanation Gamma encoding of images is used to optimize the usage of bits when encoding an image, or bandwidth used to transport an image, by taking advantage of the non-linear manner in which humans perceive light and color. The human perception of brightness (lightness), un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HDR Ghosting From Motion - Playground - HDR On
HDR may refer to: Science and technology * Hard disk recorder, for digital audio or video * HD Radio, digital audio broadcasting system * High Data Rate (other) * High dynamic range, in audio or video ** High-dynamic-range rendering, in computer graphics ** High-dynamic-range imaging, in digital photography ** High-dynamic-range video, in video * Homology directed repair, a DNA repair system in cells * Hot dry rock, a form of geothermal energy production * GATA3, a protein also named HDR Organizations * HDR, Inc., an American architectural and engineering firm * HevyDevy Records, a Canadian record label * High Dive Records, an American record label * Honicknowle Defence Regiment, a criminal organization from Honicknowle, Plymouth, England Places * Hyderabad Junction railway station (station code), in Sindh, Pakistan * Hadrian Road Metro station (station code), in England Other uses * ''Habilitation à diriger des recherches'' (accreditation to supervise research), an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Image Sensor
An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to form an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves (as they refraction, pass through or reflection (physics), reflect off objects) into signal (electrical engineering), signals, small bursts of electric current, current that convey the information. The waves can be light or other electromagnetic radiation. Image sensors are used in electronics, electronic imaging devices of both analogue electronics, analog and digital electronics, digital types, which include digital cameras, camera modules, camera phones, optical mouse devices, medical imaging equipment, night vision equipment such as thermography, thermal imaging devices, radar, sonar, and others. As technological change, technology changes, electronic and digital imaging tends to replace chemical and analog imaging. The two main types of electronic image sensors are the charge-coupled device (CCD) and the active-pixel s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CMOS
Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS, pronounced "sea-moss ", , ) is a type of MOSFET, metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) semiconductor device fabrication, fabrication process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type semiconductor, p-type and n-type semiconductor, n-type MOSFETs for logic functions. CMOS technology is used for constructing integrated circuit (IC) chips, including microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory chips (including Nonvolatile BIOS memory, CMOS BIOS), and other digital logic circuits. CMOS technology is also used for analog circuits such as image sensors (CMOS sensors), data conversion, data converters, RF circuits (RF CMOS), and highly integrated transceivers for many types of communication. In 1948, Bardeen and Brattain patented an insulated-gate transistor (IGFET) with an inversion layer. Bardeen's concept forms the basis of CMOS technology today. The CMOS process was presented by Fairchild Semico ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shadow
A shadow is a dark area on a surface where light from a light source is blocked by an object. In contrast, shade occupies the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross-section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light. Point and non-point light sources A point source of light casts only a simple shadow, called an "umbra". For a non-point or "extended" source of light, the shadow is divided into the umbra, penumbra, and antumbra. The wider the light source, the more blurred the shadow becomes. If two penumbras overlap, the shadows appear to attract and merge. This is known as the shadow blister effect. The outlines of the shadow zones can be found by tracing the rays of light emitted by the outermost regions of the extended light source. The umbra region does not receive any direct light from any part of the light source and is the darkest. A viewer located in the umbra regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikon D810
The Nikon D810 is a 36.3-megapixel professional-grade full-frame digital single-lens reflex camera produced by Nikon. The camera was officially announced in June 2014, and became available in July 2014. Compared to the former D800/ D800E it offers an image sensor with a base sensitivity of ISO 64 and extended range of ISO 32 to 51,200, an Expeed processor with noise reduction with claimed 1 stop noise improvement, doubled buffer size, increased frame rate and extended battery life, improved autofocus – now similar to the D4S, improved video with 1080p 60 fps and many software improvements. The D810 was succeeded by the Nikon D850 in August 2017 and was listed as discontinued in December 2019. Features * New 37.09 megapixel (36.3 effective) full-frame (35.9×24 mm) sensor with sensitivity of ISO 64–12,800 (ISO 32–51,200 boost) and no optical low-pass filter (OLPF, anti-aliasing filter) **Improved microlenses with increased light gathering * Nikon Expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DxO Labs
DxO Labs (formerly DO Labs) is a privately owned photography software company. It was founded in 2003 by Jérôme Ménière, former CEO of Vision-IQ. The company's headquarters are in Paris, France. History Originally organized as a business unit of Vision IQ, a French software company founded in 1995 that specialized in computer vision, DO Labs was spun off to become an independent company after raising 7.3 million Euros of financing in venture capital. When DO Labs released DxO Optics Pro in 2004, which became DxO PhotoLab in 2017, it was the first product on the market to offer a way to correct photographic issues caused by camera-body electronics and lens optics without human intervention. These automated corrections, based on mathematical models of the physical characteristics of camera bodies and lenses as well as on the metadata ( Exif) captured with each image, meant no human variables were involved. In 2005, following the OpenRAW campaign to simplify the interoperabilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikon D7200
The Nikon D7200 is a 24-megapixel APS-C digital single-lens reflex camera announced by Nikon on March 2, 2015. It started shipping on March 19. The D7200 was superseded by the Nikon D7500, announced on April 12, 2017. Features The D7200 is equipped with features intended for semi-professional use (two SD card slots, the availability of a battery grip, and metering support for old manual focus Nikon AI type (Non-CPU) lenses), which have been removed from the D7500. Being the successor of the Nikon D7100 it has (among other things) the following enhancements: * An improved buffer size that at its highest frame rate (6 frames per second) can store eighteen raw images (entire APS-C frame recorded, 14-bit lossless compressed), whereas the D7100 can store six images. * The optical CMOS sensor has been exchanged to a different model, which (unlike the D7100's) is not prone to generating faint striped patterns ( banding noise) in night photography with strongly amplified dark tones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5
The Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5 is a Micro Four Thirds mirrorless interchangeable lens camera body announced by Panasonic on 4 January 2017. It is the first mirrorless camera capable of shooting 4K resolution video with 10-bit color with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling, along with recording in 4K 60p or 50p (but only in 8 bit). It also captures both 4K and Full HD without time limits. On September 28, 2017, Panasonic released firmware update 2.0 which added support for hybrid log–gamma The hybrid log–gamma (HLG) transfer function is a transfer function jointly developed by the BBC and NHK for high dynamic range (HDR) display. It is backward compatible with the transfer function of SDR (the gamma curve). It was approved as ARIB ... (HLG) recording, along with a higher 400 Mbit/s bit rate All-i recording mode. The camera features 5-axis in-body stabilization, and, according to Panasonic, is freeze-proof, dust-proof, and splash-proof. The later-released sister model Panasonic Lumi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
