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White Earth Ojibwe
The White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, also called the White Earth Nation (, "People from where there is an abundance of white clay"), is a federally recognized Native American band in northwestern Minnesota. The band's land base is the White Earth Indian Reservation. With 19,291 members in 2007, the White Earth Band is the largest of the six component bands of the federally recognized Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, formed after the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act. It is also the largest band in Minnesota. The five other member tribes of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe are the Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake), Fond du Lac Band, Grand Portage Band, Leech Lake Band, and Mille Lacs Band. History The White Earth Nation was formed by joining multiple Chippewa bands from north central Minnesota. They had been displaced by European-American settlement and consolidated onto a reservation in Mahnomen, Becker, and Clearwater Counties. Six Minnesota Chippewa bands enroll memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federally Recognized
This is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States. There are also federally recognized Alaska Native tribes. , 574 Indian tribes are legally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the United States.Federal Acknowledgment of the Pamunkey Indian Tribe Of these, 228 are located in Alaska, and 109 are located in California. Of the 574 federally recognized tribes, 346 are located in the contiguous United States. Description [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between sovereign states and/or international organizations that is governed by international law. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms; however, only documents that are legally binding on the parties are considered treaties under international law. Treaties may be bilateral (between two countries) or multilateral (involving more than two countries). Treaties are among the earliest manifestations of international relations; the first known example is a border agreement between the Sumer, Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma around 3100 BC. International agreements were used in some form by most major civilizations and became increasingly common and more sophisticated during the Early modern period, early modern era. The early 19th century saw developments in diplomacy, foreign policy, and international law reflected by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chippewa Cree
The Chippewa Cree Tribe (Officially in )Montana Department of Justice, Official Tribally issued license plate of Chippewa Cree TribLink/ref> is a Native American tribe on the Rocky Boy's Reservation in Montana who are descendants of Cree who migrated south from Canada and Chippewa (Ojibwe) who moved west from the Turtle Mountains in North Dakota in the late 19th century. The two different peoples spoke related but distinct Algonquian languages. They are federally recognized as the Chippewa Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation. This tribe is the southernmost Cree tribe in North America.McNeel, Jack. “10 Things You Should Know about the Chippewa Cree Tribe of Rocky Boy Reservation.” Indian Country Today. Indian Country Today, October 13, 2016Link Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation is located in Hill and Chouteau counties in northeastern Montana, about from the Canada–United States border. It has a total land area of , which includes extensive off-reservation trust la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Shell Chippewa
Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana (Ojibwe language: Esensininiwag) is a federally recognized tribe of Ojibwe, Métis, and Cree people in Montana. The name of the tribe is often shortened to Little Shell. In 2023, the population of enrolled tribal members is approximately 6,900. The Tribe's headquarters is in Great Falls, in a 35,000-sq. foot office complex. The Little Shell Tribe is named after its 19th-century leader, ''Esens'', known as "Little Shell." The Tribe was also referred to as the Little Shell Band of "Landless" Chippewa Indians of Montana because it did not have an Indian reservation, resulting from conflicts with federal authorities dating back to the 19th century. Although considered "landless", the tribe gained state recognition from Montana in 2000. On December 20, 2019, the National Defense Authorization Act was signed into law, finally granting the Tribe federal recognition. The Tribe owns over 800 acres of land in and around Great Falls, Montan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Lake Indian Reservation
The Red Lake Indian Reservation () covers in parts of nine counties in Minnesota, United States. It is made up of numerous holdings but the largest section is an area around Red Lake, in north-central Minnesota, the largest lake in the state. This section lies primarily in the counties of Beltrami and Clearwater. Land in seven other counties is also part of the reservation. The reservation population was 5,506 in the 2020 census. The second-largest section () is much farther north, in the Northwest Angle of Lake of the Woods County near the Canada–United States border. It has no permanent residents. Between these two largest sections are hundreds of mostly small, non-contiguous reservation exclaves in the counties of Beltrami, Clearwater, Lake of the Woods, Koochiching, Roseau, Pennington, Marshall, Red Lake, and Polk. Home to the federally recognized Red Lake Band of Chippewa, it is unique as the only "closed reservation" in Minnesota. In a closed rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental acts of a legislature, court cases, and treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign countries to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty that establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mille Lacs Indians
The Mille Lacs Indians (Ojibwe: ''Misi-zaaga'iganiwininiwag''), also known as the Mille Lacs and Snake River Band of Chippewa, are a Band of Indians formed from the unification of the Mille Lacs Band of Mississippi Chippewa (Ojibwe) with the Mille Lacs Band of Mdewakanton Sioux (Dakota). Today, their successor apparent Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe consider themselves as being Ojibwe, but many on their main reservation have the ''ma'iingan'' (wolf) as their chief doodem (clan), which is an indicator of Dakota origins. Mille Lacs Indians, because of their mixed Chippewa-Sioux heritage, have become the cultural lynch-pin linking the two former warring nations into a single people, providing Ojibwe culture and customs to the Dakota just as providing Dakota culture and customs to the Ojibwe. All of the drums held among the Mille Lacs Indians are of Dakota origins, singing Dakota melodies but translated into Ojibwe. Historical component bands Mille Lacs Band of Mdewakanton Dakota Previo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mississippi River Chippewa
Mississippi River Band of Chippewa Indians () or simply the Mississippi Chippewa, are a historical Ojibwa Band inhabiting the headwaters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries in present-day Minnesota. According to the oral history of the Mississippi Chippewa, they were primarily of the southern branch of Ojibwe who spread from the "Fifth Stopping Place" of ''Baawiting'' (Sault Ste. Marie region) along Lake Superior's southern shores until arriving at the "Sixth Stopping Place" of the Saint Louis River. They continued westward across the Savanna Portage, and spread both northward and southward along the Mississippi River and its major tributaries. Before entering the treaty process with the United States, the Mississippi Chippewa consisted of the following sub-bands: * Cedar Lake, Minnesota Band * Crow Wing, Minnesota Band * Gull Lake, Minnesota Band * Mille Lacs, Minnesota Band * Pelican Lake, Minnesota Band * Pokegama Lake, Minnesota Band * Rabbit Lake, Minnesota Band * R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pembina Band Of Chippewa Indians
The Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians (Ojibwe: ''Aniibiminani-ziibiwininiwag'') is a historical band of Chippewa (Ojibwe), originally living along the Red River of the North and its tributaries. Through the treaty process with the United States, the Pembina Band was settled on reservations in Minnesota and North Dakota. Some tribal members refusing settlement in North Dakota relocated northward and westward, some eventually settling in Montana. The traditional tribal leadership of Little Shell of The Pembina Band departed from The Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians and briefly camped in Dunsieth, ND where the Little Shell Campsite is memorialized, before residing at Spirit Lake, North Dakota, and Wolf Point, Montana. The successors apparent of the Pembina Band are: * Chippewa Cree Tribe of the Rocky Boys Indian Reservation (Montana) (in part); * Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana (Ojibwe language: Esensinini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pillager Band Of Chippewa Indians
Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians (or simply the Pillagers; in the Ojibwe language) are a historical band of Chippewa (Ojibwe) who settled at the headwaters of the Mississippi River in present-day Minnesota. Their name "Pillagers" is a translation of , which literally means "Pillaging Men". The French called them , also a translation of their name. The French and Americans adopted their autonym for their military activities as the advance guard of the Ojibwe in the invasion of the Dakota country. History Names Their name has been variously recorded as: * Chippeways of Leech Lake (Lewis and Clark, 1806), English transliteration of French name adopted from other Algonquian-speaking people * ' (Henry, 1809), the French name, meaning 'plunderers' * Rogues (Henry, 1809) * ''Pilliers'' (Franklin, 1824), variation of the French * Robbers (Franklin, 1824) * Pillagers ( Treaty of Fond du Lac with the United States, 1847) By the mid-nineteenth century, records showed that scholars and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Headwaters
The headwater of a river or stream is the geographical point of its beginning, specifically where surface runoff water begins to accumulate into a flowing channel of water. A river or stream into which one or many tributary rivers or streams flows has many headwaters, these being all of the individual headwaters of its tributaries. Each headwater is one of the river or stream's sources, as it is the place where surface runoffs from rainwater, meltwater, or spring water begin accumulating into a more substantial and consistent flow that becomes a first-order tributary of that river or stream. The tributary with the longest channel of all the tributaries to a river or stream, such length measured from that tributary's headwater to its mouth where it discharges into the river or stream, is the main stem of the river or stream in question. Definition The United States Geological Survey (USGS) states that a river's "length may be considered to be the distance from the mouth to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the main stem, primary river of the largest drainage basin in the United States. It is the second-longest river in the United States, behind only the Missouri River, Missouri. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it flows generally south for to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's Drainage basin, watershed drains all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky Mountains, Rocky and Appalachian Mountains, Appalachian mountains. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana. The main stem is entirely within the United States; the total drainage basin is , of which only about one percent is in Canada. The Mississippi ranks as the world's List of rivers by discharge, tenth-largest river by discharge flow, and the largest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
