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Werner Olk
Werner Olk (born 18 January 1938) is a German former professional football player and manager. Club career Olk started his football career as a youth player with SG Letter 05 (Hanover region) in 1948 and eventually switched into the youth team of TuS Seelze. Before his transfer to Bayern Munich, he played 1956–57 in the Oberliga Nord with Arminia Hannover and after the relegation of the club from 1957 to 1960 in the second tier, which in this part of Northern Germany was the Amateuroberliga Niedersachsen. He spent his career in the 1960s through to 1970 with German club Bayern Munich in the Oberliga Süd and the Bundesliga. His honors with Bayern include the DFB-Pokal in 1966, 1967 and 1969; winner of the German Championship in 1969; and winner of the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1967. After the promotion to the Bundesliga in 1965 until 1970, Olk served as Bayern's captain, a function in which he was succeeded by Franz Beckenbauer. International career Olk won his only ca ...
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Ostróda
Ostróda (; Old Prussian language, Old Prussian: ''Austrāti'') is a town in northern Poland, in the historic region of Masuria. It is the seat of the Ostróda County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and has approximately 33,191 inhabitants (2009). Ostróda is the largest town in the western part of Masuria, and the second largest in all of Masuria after Ełk. Geography The town lies in the west of the historic Masuria region on the Drwęca river, a right tributary of the Vistula. Lake Drwęca west of the town is part of the Masurian Lake District. Ostróda has become a growing tourist site owing to its relaxing natural surroundings. The National road 7 (Poland), National road 7 from Gdańsk to Warsaw, part of European route E77, passes through Ostróda. The Elbląg Canal connects Ostróda with the Baltic Sea, Baltic coast. History Middle Ages At the site of an original settlement of Old Prussians on an island at the river delta where the Drwęca river flows into Lake ...
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Oberliga Nord
The Oberliga Nord was the fourth tier of the German football league system in the north of Germany. It covered the states of Lower Saxony, Bremen, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein. With the introduction of the 3. Liga, the league ceased to exist from 2008. Overview The first ''Oberliga Nord'': 1947–1963 The original league of this name existed from 1947 to 1963 and was then the first tier of German football, covering the same region as the "new" Oberliga Nord. For its history, see Oberliga Nord (1947–63), here. The second ''Oberliga Nord'': 1974–1994 The league was formed in 1974 as a continuation of the Regionalliga Nord (1963–1974), Regionalliga Nord, the then second tier of German football. With the introduction of the 2. Bundesliga Nord (1974-81), 2nd Bundesliga Nord in that year, the Regionalliga was disbanded and its clubs spread among the new 2nd Bundesliga, Oberliga and Amateurligas. The new Oberliga Nord however was only the third tier of the German football leag ...
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African Nations Cup
The Africa Cup of Nations, commonly abbreviated as AFCON and officially known as the TotalEnergies Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons, is the main biennial international men's association football competition in Africa. It is sanctioned by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and was first held in 1957. Since 1968, it has been held every two years, switching to odd-numbered years in 2013. In the first tournament in 1957, there were only three participating nations: Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia. South Africa who were originally scheduled to join, but all were disqualified due to the apartheid policies of the government then in power. Since then, the tournament has expanded greatly, making it necessary to hold a qualifying tournament. The number of participants in the final tournament reached 16 in 1998 (16 teams were to compete in 1996, but Nigeria withdrew, reducing the field to 15, and the same happened with Togo's withdrawal in 2010), and until 2017, th ...
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Jiří Sobotka
Jiří Sobotka (also known as Georges Sobotka; 6 June 1911 – 20 May 1994) was a Czech football player and manager. He played internationally for Czechoslovakia. Career Sobotka played for Czechoslovakia national football team (23 caps, 8 goals) and participated at the 1934 FIFA World Cup when Czechoslovakia came in second. He played for Slavia Prague, Hajduk Split (winning the Banovina of Croatia first league) and FC La Chaux-de-Fonds. During his period in Split, he played 36 league matches scoring 17 goals in the 1939-40 and 1940-41 seasons. Before arriving to Yugoslavia, he had been a player-coach in Switzerland with FC Winterthur. After his playing career, he coached numerous clubs in Switzerland and won 6 Swiss cups. He also coached Charleroi in Belgium UE Sant Andreu in Spain, and Switzerland national team. Curiosity A well-documented curiosity was that during the winter break of their 1963–64 season FC Basel travelled on a world tour. This saw them visit British Ho ...
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Player-manager
A player–coach (also playing coach, captain–coach, or player–manager) is a member of a sports team who simultaneously holds both playing and coaching duties. Player–coaches may be head coaches or assistant coaches, and they may make changes to the squad and also play on the team. Very few current major professional sports teams have head coaches who are also players, though it is common for senior players to take a role in managing more junior athletes. Historically, when professional sports had less money to pay players and coaches or managers, player–coaches were more common. Likewise, where player–coaches exist today, they are more common at, but not exclusive to, the lower levels where money is less available. Player–coaches in basketball The player–coach was, for many decades, a long-time fixture in professional basketball. Many notable coaches in the NBA served as player–coaches, including Bill Russell and Lenny Wilkens. This was especially true up th ...
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FIFA World Cup
The FIFA World Cup, often called the World Cup, is an international association football competition among the senior List of men's national association football teams, men's national teams of the members of the FIFA, Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has been held every four years since the 1930 FIFA World Cup, inaugural tournament in 1930, with the exception of 1942 and 1946 due to the Second World War. The reigning champions are Argentina national football team, Argentina, who won their third title at the 2022 FIFA World Cup, 2022 World Cup by defeating France national football team, France. The contest starts with the FIFA World Cup qualification, qualification phase, which takes place over the preceding three years to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase. In the tournament phase, 32 teams compete for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over the course of about a month. ...
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Cap (sport)
In sport, a cap is a player's appearance in a game at international level. The term dates from the practice in the United Kingdom of awarding a cap to every player in an international match of rugby football and association football. In the early days of football, the concept of each team wearing a set of matching shirts had not been universally adopted, so each side would distinguish itself from the other by wearing a specific sort of cap. An early illustration of the 1872 Scotland v England football match, first international football match between Scotland and England in 1872 shows the Scottish players wearing cowls, and the English wearing a variety of school caps. The practice was first approved on 10 May 1886 for association football after a proposal made by N. Lane Jackson, founder of the Corinthian F.C., Corinthians: The act of awarding a cap is now international and is applied to other sports. Although in some sports physical caps may not now always be given (wheth ...
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Franz Beckenbauer
Franz Anton Beckenbauer (; 11 September 1945 – 7 January 2024) was a German professional football player, manager, and official. Nicknamed ("the Emperor"), he is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, and is one of nine players to have won the FIFA World Cup, the European Champions Cup, and the Ballon d'Or. Beckenbauer was a versatile player who started out as a midfielder, but made his name as a centre-half. He is often credited as having invented the role of the modern sweeper (). Twice named European Footballer of the Year, Beckenbauer appeared 103 times for West Germany, playing in three FIFA World Cups and two European Championships. He is one of three men, along with Brazil's Mário Zagallo and France's Didier Deschamps, to have won the World Cup as a player and as a manager; he lifted the World Cup trophy as captain in 1974, and repeated the feat as a manager in 1990. He was the first captain to lift the World Cup and European Championship a ...
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Captain (association Football)
The captain of a association football, football/soccer team, sometimes known as the skipper, is a team member chosen to be the on-pitch leader of the team; they are often one of the older or more experienced members of the squad, or a player that can heavily influence a game or has good leadership qualities. The team captain is usually identified by the wearing of an armband. In the 2024/25 edition of the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, it was made mandatory for each team to have a captain and for each captain to be identified by the previously traditional but non-mandatory captain's armband. Responsibilities The only official responsibility of a captain specified by the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game is to participate in the Coin flipping, coin toss prior to Kick-off (association football), kick-off (for choice of ends or to have kick-off) and prior to a penalty shoot-out (association football), penalty shoot-out. Captain ...
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European Cup Winners' Cup
The UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was a European association football, football club competition contested annually by the winners of domestic cup competitions. The competition's official name was originally the European Cup Winners' Cup; it was renamed the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1994–95 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, 1994. Chronologically, the Cup Winners' Cup was the second inter-European club competition organised by UEFA. The first tournament was held in 1960–61 European Cup Winners' Cup, 1960–61, but it was organised by the Mitropa Cup's Organising Committee and not recognised by the governing body of European football until 1963, when it was accepted as a UEFA competition on the initiative of the Italian Football Federation (FIGC). From 1972 onwards, the winner of the tournament progressed to play the winner of the European Cup (later the UEFA Champions League) in the UEFA Super Cup, European Super Cup. The tournament ran for 39 seasons, with the final edition held in 1998–99 ...
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DFB-Pokal
The DFB-Pokal (), also known as the German Cup in English language, English, is a German knockout Association football, football cup competition held annually by the German Football Association (DFB). Sixty-four teams participate in the competition, including all clubs from the Bundesliga and the 2. Bundesliga along with the four best teams from the 3. Liga. It is considered the second-most important club title in German football after the Bundesliga championship. Taking place from August until May, the winner qualifies for the DFL-Supercup and the UEFA Europa League unless the winner already qualifies for the UEFA Champions League in the Bundesliga. The competition was founded in 1935, then called the ''Hans von Tschammer und Osten, Tschammer-Pokal''. The first titleholders were 1. FC Nürnberg. In 1937, FC Schalke 04, Schalke 04 were the first team to win Double (association football), the double. The Tschammer-Pokal was suspended in 1944 due to World War II and disbanded follow ...
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RSSSF
The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (''RSSSF'') is an international organisation dedicated to collecting statistics about association football. The foundation aims to build an exhaustive archive of football-related information from around the world. Website The RSSSF website contains football-related statistics in the form of lists without commentary and it is maintained by volunteer contributors. It is considered one of "the most complete" publicly available statistical football databases in the world, and has virtually every piece of historical information. This enterprise, according to its founders, was created in January 1994 by three regulars of the Big 8 (Usenet)#Hierarchies, Rec.Sport.Soccer (RSS) Usenet newsgroup: Lars Aarhus, Kent Hedlundh, and Karel Stokkermans. It was originally known as the "North European Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation", but the geographical reference was dropped as its membership from other regions grew. The RSSSF has members and con ...
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