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Wairoa River (Auckland)
The Wairoa River, also known as Wairoa South, is the second longest river in the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows south from its sources in the Hunua Ranges, then northwards into the Hauraki Gulf. The Wairoa Reservoir and Hūnua Falls form sections of the river, and the Wairoa River flows adjacent to the township of Clevedon, New Zealand, Clevedon. Description The river begins in the central Hunua Ranges, flowing south to the Wairoa Reservoir, and once exiting the Hunua Ranges changing course to flow northwards. Paparimu Road and Hunua Road follow the course of the river as it flows northwards through farmland. Much of the western Hunua Ranges flows into the Wairoa River, including Cosseys Creek and the Ōtau Valley, both of which have been dammed as freshwater reservoirs. In addition to these, the Wairoa River is joined by other tributaries: the Mangawheau Stream, the Hunua Stream which flows past the settlement of Hūnua, and the Taitaia Stream, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand
New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of island countries, sixth-largest island country by area and lies east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. The Geography of New Zealand, country's varied topography and sharp mountain peaks, including the Southern Alps (), owe much to tectonic uplift and volcanic eruptions. Capital of New Zealand, New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, and its most populous city is Auckland. The islands of New Zealand were the last large habitable land to be settled by humans. Between about 1280 and 1350, Polynesians began to settle in the islands and subsequently developed a distinctive Māori culture. In 1642, the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight and record New Zealand. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manukau Harbour
The Manukau Harbour is the second largest natural harbour in New Zealand by area. It is located to the southwest of the Auckland isthmus, and opens out into the Tasman Sea. Geography The harbour mouth is between the northern head ("Burnett Head" / "Ohaka Head") located at the southern end of the Waitākere Ranges and South Head at the end of the Āwhitu Peninsula reaching up from close to the mouth of the Waikato River. The mouth is only 1800 metres wide, but after a nine kilometre channel it opens up into a roughly square basin 20 kilometres in width. The harbour has a water surface area of 394 square kilometres. There is a tidal variation of up to 4 metres, a very substantial change, especially since the harbour, being silted up with almost 10 million years of sedimentation, is rather shallow itself.Manukau Harbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kāinga
A kāinga ( southern Māori: ''kaika'' or ''kaik'') is the traditional form of village habitation of pre-European Māori in New Zealand. It was unfortified or only lightly fortified, and over time became less important than the well-fortified pā. Description Kāinga were generally unfortified or only lightly fortified, as opposed to the well-defended pā. They were generally coastal, and often found near to a river mouth. The settlement was generally occupied by members of one ''hapū'' (sub-tribe), which would identify itself with the nearest mountain and river (even in modern Māori, when meeting someone new, "what is your mountain?" is not an unusual question, and naming a mountain and river is a standard part of a traditional introduction or '' pepeha''). Kāinga were often regarded as only semi-permanent settlements, and they were often abandoned. Reasons for abandonment included invasion by other iwi or resource shortages. Traditionally, Māori were often semi-nomadic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shortspine Spurdog
The shortspine spurdog (''Squalus mitsukurii'') is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae, found on continental shelves off Japan in temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ... waters, from the surface to 950 m. Its length is up to 75 cm. Taxonomy The shortspine dogfish was once seen as a circumglobal species by many authors, including Compagno (1984) and Last & Stevens (1994). However, a series on papers published since 2007 have shown that a number of species synonymized with ''S. mitsukurii'' are distinct, and that the Hawaiian population of ''S. mitsukurii'' represent a distinct species, the Hawaiian spurdog.Daly-Engel TS, Koch A, Anderson JM, Cotton CF, Grubbs RD (2018) Description of a new deep-water dogfish shark from Hawaii, with comments on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Protection Authority (New Zealand)
The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA; ) is a New Zealand government agency (Crown entity/agent). It is New Zealand's national-level environmental regulator. Its vision is "an environment protected, enhancing our way of life and the economy." As a Crown agent under the Crown entity model, the EPA operates at arm’s length from Ministers. Its independence in decision making is protected by statute and the established governance structures. A letter of expectations is issued annually by its responsible Ministers which, within the context of its independence, sets out the broad expectations of the Government of the day. History The Environmental Protection Authority was established on 1 July 2011 under its own Act, th The Act requires the EPA to carry out its functions in a way that: * contributes to the effective and transparent management of New Zealand's environment and natural and physical resources * enables New Zealand to meet its international obligations. As pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangatira
In Māori culture, () are tribal chiefs, the leaders (often hereditary) of a (subtribe or clan). Ideally, were people of great practical wisdom who held authority () on behalf of the tribe and maintained boundaries between a tribe's land () and that of other tribes. Changes to land-ownership laws in the 19th century, particularly the individualisation of land title, undermined the power of rangatira, as did the widespread loss of land under the Euro-settler-oriented government of the Colony of New Zealand from 1841 onwards. The concepts of and (chieftainship), however, remain strong, and a return to and the uplifting of Māori by the system has been widely advocated for since the Māori renaissance began . Moana Jackson, Ranginui Walker and Tipene O'Regan figure among the most notable of these advocates. The concept of a is central to —a Māori system of governance, self-determination and sovereignty. Etymology The word means "chief (male or female), wellbor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waiohua
Te Waiohua or Te Wai-o-Hua is a Māori people, Māori iwi (tribe) confederation that thrived in the early 17th century. The rohe (tribal area) was primarily the central Auckland, Tāmaki Makaurau area (the Auckland isthmus) and they had pā (fortified settlements) at Te Tātua a Riukiuta (Three Kings), Puketāpapa (Mt Roskill), Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura (Mt Albert), Maungakiekie (One Tree Hill), Maungawhau (Mt Eden), Tītīkōpuke (Mt St John), Ōhinerau (Mt Hobson), Rangitotoiti (Upland Reserve), Taurarua (Judges Bay), Rarotonga (Mt Smart), Ōtāhuhu, Te Pane o Mataaoho (Māngere Mountain), Ihumātao, Matukutūreia (McLaughlin's Mountain) and Matukutūruru (Wiri Mountain), until the 1740s, when the paramount Waiohua chief, Kiwi Tāmaki, was defeated by the Ngāti Whātua hapū, Te Taoū. The descendants of the Waiohua confederation today include Ngāti Te Ata Waiohua, Ngāti Tamaoho and Te Ākitai Waiohua. History Waiohua was a confederation of tribes of the Tāmaki Makaurau reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tāmaki Māori
Tāmaki Māori are Māori ''iwi'' and ''hapū'' (tribes and sub-tribes) who have a strong connection to Tāmaki Makaurau (the Auckland Region), and whose rohe was traditionally within the region. Among Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau (the Māori tribes of Auckland), also known as the Tāmaki Collective, there are thirteen iwi and hapū, organised into three rōpū (collectives), however Tāmaki Māori can also refer to subtribes and historical iwi not included in this list. Ngāti Whātua Rōpū Ngāti Whātua descend from the '' Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi'' waka, which landed north of the Kaipara Harbour. The rōpū includes Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara, Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei and Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua. Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Whātua is a Māori Trust Board formed in the mid 2000s to represent the interests of Ngāti Whātua iwi and hapū collectively, including those outside of Ngāti Whātua o Kaipara and Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei. The rūnanga represents Ngā Oho, Ngāi Tāhu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tahiti
Tahiti (; Tahitian language, Tahitian , ; ) is the largest island of the Windward Islands (Society Islands), Windward group of the Society Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France. It is located in the central part of the Pacific Ocean and the nearest major landmass is the North Island of New Zealand. The island was formed from Volcano, volcanic activity in two overlapping parts, ''Tahiti Nui'' (bigger, northwestern part) and ''Tahiti Iti'' (smaller, southeastern part); it is high and mountainous with surrounding coral reefs. Its population was 189,517 in 2017, making it by far the most populous island in French Polynesia and accounting for 68.7% of its total population; the 2022 Census recorded a population of 191,779. Tahiti is the economic, cultural, and political centre of French Polynesia. The capital of French Polynesia, Papeete, Papeete, is located on the northwest coast of Tahiti. The only international airport in the region, Faaʻa International ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of , and is home to almost 75% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. The Parliament of the Cook Islands, Cook Islands' Parliament buildings and Rarotonga International Airport, international airport are on Rarotonga. Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination with many resorts, hotels and motels. The chief town, Avarua, on the north coast, is the capital of the Cook Islands. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig ''Endeavour'', is credited as the European discoverer on 25 July 1823, while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams (missionary), John Williams. Geography Rarotonga is a kidney-shaped volcanic island, in circumference, and wide on its longest (east-west) axis. The island is the summit of an extinct Pliocene or Pleistocene volcano, which rises from the seafloor. The island was formed between 2.3 to 1.6 million ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tainui (canoe)
''Tainui'' was one of the Māori migration canoes, great ocean-going canoes in which Polynesians migrated to New Zealand approximately 800 years ago. It was commanded by the chief Hoturoa, who had decided to leave Hawaiki because over-population had led to famine and warfare. The ship first reached New Zealand at Cape Runaway, Whangaparāoa in the Bay of Plenty and then skirted around the north coast of the North Island, finally landing at Kawhia in the western Waikato. The crew of the ''Tainui'' were the ancestors of the iwi that form the Tainui confederation. Crafting The Tainui waka (canoe), waka (canoe) was made from a great tree, at a place in Hawaiki known then as Maungaroa, on the spot where a stillborn child had been buried. According to Te Tāhuna Herangi the waka was named after the child who had been called Tainui. The canoe was made by Rakatāura, an expert boat builder in the tradition of Rātā (Māori mythology), Rātā, or according to Wirihana Aoterangi by R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki
Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki is a Māori people, Māori tribe that is based in the area around Clevedon, New Zealand, Clevedon, part of the Auckland region (''Tāmaki'' in the Māori language). It is one of the twelve members of the Hauraki Collective of tribes. The founding ancestors of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki came to New Zealand in the ''Tainui (canoe), Tainui'' migration canoe and left it when it was dragged across Portages of New Zealand#Te Tō Waka, Te Tō Waka, the portage from the Tāmaki River to the Manukau Harbour. Their descendants occupied parts of the Hauraki Gulf, including east Auckland as far inland as Ōtara, and Maungarei, as well as Clevedon, Maraetai and Howick, New Zealand, Howick. Te Irirangi Drive, a major highway in Manukau City, is named after one of their ''rangatira'' (chiefs), Tara Te Irirangi. Ngāi Tai has a marae at Umupuia Beach, between Maraetai and Clevedon. They also use the Ngāti Tamaoho marae at Karaka, New Zealand, Karaka. In 2015 the Crown sett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
