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Vihtori Kosonen
Vihtori Kosonen (1873–1934) was a Finnish journalist, publisher, and free-thinker.Kujala, Antti: ”Suomi vallankumouksen punaisena selustana”, s. 131–133 teoksessa ''Lenin ja Suomi – osa I''. Opetusministeriö ja Valtion painatuskeskus, Helsinki 1987. Kosonen first worked as an editor at the ''Työmies'' newspaper, which was founded in 1895. In 1898, he was forced to leave Finland due to the anti-socialist policies of the Finnish government under Russian governor Nikolay Bobrikov. He fled to America, where he became an influential figure in the American–Finnish workers' movement. From 1903, he was the editor of the American ''Työmies'' newspaper. Kosonen decided to return to Finland in 1905. He was involved in the activities of the Social Democratic Party, and served as editor of the '' Kansan Lehti'' newspaper. During the 1905 Russian revolution, Kosonen organised shelter for refugees from the Baltic region of the Russian Empire, also helped organise the Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vihtori Kosonen
Vihtori Kosonen (1873–1934) was a Finnish journalist, publisher, and free-thinker.Kujala, Antti: ”Suomi vallankumouksen punaisena selustana”, s. 131–133 teoksessa ''Lenin ja Suomi – osa I''. Opetusministeriö ja Valtion painatuskeskus, Helsinki 1987. Kosonen first worked as an editor at the ''Työmies'' newspaper, which was founded in 1895. In 1898, he was forced to leave Finland due to the anti-socialist policies of the Finnish government under Russian governor Nikolay Bobrikov. He fled to America, where he became an influential figure in the American–Finnish workers' movement. From 1903, he was the editor of the American ''Työmies'' newspaper. Kosonen decided to return to Finland in 1905. He was involved in the activities of the Social Democratic Party, and served as editor of the '' Kansan Lehti'' newspaper. During the 1905 Russian revolution, Kosonen organised shelter for refugees from the Baltic region of the Russian Empire, also helped organise the Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kansan Lehti
''Kansan Lehti'' (Finnish: ''People’s Newspaper'') was a social democratic newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, spor ... published in Tampere from 1898 until 1991. The first issue of the paper appeared in December 1898. In the early period it was a handwritten publication and had a socialist political stance. During this period it came out six times per week and sold nearly 10,000 copies. Over time the paper became affiliated with the Social Democratic Party of Finland, Social Democratic Party. One of its financial managers was Vihtori Kosonen who began to serve in the post in 1906. References Finnish Civil War Publications established in 1898 Publications disestablished in 1991 Finnish-language newspapers Socialist newspapers Defunct newspapers published i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1934 Deaths
Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. * January 26 – A 10-year German–Polish declaration of non-aggression is signed by Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic. * January 30 ** In Nazi Germany, the political power of federal states such as Prussia is substantially abolished, by the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (''Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches''). ** Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, signs the Gold Reserve Act: all gold held in the Federal Reserve is to be surrendered to the United States Department of the Treasury; immediately following, the President raises the statutory gold price from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1873 Births
Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the United States Army. * February 11 – The Spanish Cortes deposes King Amadeus I, and proclaims the First Spanish Republic. * February 12 ** Emilio Castelar, the former foreign minister, becomes prime minister of the new Spanish Republic. ** The Coinage Act of 1873 in the United States is signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant; coming into effect on April 1, it ends bimetallism in the U.S., and places the country on the gold standard. * February 20 ** The University of California opens its first medical school in San Francisco. ** British naval officer John Moresby discovers the site of Port Moresby, and claims the land for Britain. * March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Comstock La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the capital, primate, and most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland, and has a population of . The city's urban area has a population of , making it by far the most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research; while Tampere in the Pirkanmaa region, located to the north from Helsinki, is the second largest urban area in Finland. Helsinki is located north of Tallinn, Estonia, east of Stockholm, Sweden, and west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has close historical ties with these three cities. Together with the cities of Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen (and surrounding commuter towns, including the eastern neighboring municipality of Sipoo), Helsinki forms the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which has a population of over 1.5 million. Of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Bank Of The Russian Empire
The Central Bank of the Russian Federation (CBR; ), doing business as the Bank of Russia (russian: Банк России}), is the central bank of the Russian Federation. The bank was established on July 13, 1990. The predecessor of the bank can be traced back to the State Bank of the Russian Empire founded in 1860. The bank is headquartered on Neglinnaya Street in Moscow. Its functions are described in the Constitution of Russia (Article 75) and in federal law. History State Bank of the Russian Empire The decision to create a State Bank of the Russian Empire was made by Emperor Peter III in May 1762, which was modeled on Bank of England and would have the right to issue bank notes. However, due to the coup on 28 June 1762 and the murder of the Czar, the project was not implemented. The outbreak in 1768 of the Russian-Turkish War and deficit of the state budget forced Catherine II, in turn, refer to the idea of issuing a paper money, and in December 1768 she formed t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1906 Helsinki Bank Robbery
1906 Helsinki bank robbery was an armed robbery on 26 February 1906 in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland. A branch of Russian State Bank was robbed by members of the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party to fund Bolshevik revolutionary activities in Russia. The robbery was organized by Russian revolutionary Nikolay Burenin and executed by a gang of 15 Latvian revolutionaries who killed a guard and escaped with 170,743 rubles (equivalent to around US$1.7 million in 2013). Burenin was a concert pianist who was playing in Tampere on the same evening. On their way to meet him, three gang members were captured in the village of Kerava after one Russian gendarme was shot dead. The gang leader Jānis Čoke and three other robbers were able to reach Tampere where they handed the money over to Burenin. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jānis Čoke
Jānis Čoke (24 September 1878 in Idus parish (now Valmiera Municipality), Kreis Wolmar, Governorate of Livonia – 9 June 1910 in Turku, Grand Duchy of Finland) was a Latvian revolutionary who is known for his involvement in the 1906 robbery of the branch of Russian State Bank in Helsinki. Life Čoke was an industrial worker who joined the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party in 1902 and became a member on the party's militant wing. During the 1905 Russian Revolution, Čoke founded the revolutionary organization ''Brašie'' which was related with several prison riots and attacks against the gendarmerie in Riga. In February 1906, the Latvian revolutionary Jānis Luters formed a group of 15 revolutionaries. The gang was sent to Finland to rob the Russian State Bank branch in Helsinki. The Latvians were assisted by Finnish activists who opposed the Tsarist regime. With Čoke as the leader, the bank was robbed on 26 February. After the robbery, Čoke fled to Tampere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tampere Conference Of 1905
The first conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) took place in Tampere (Tammerfors), Grand Duchy of Finland, in December 1905. Held between the 1905 London and 1906 Stockholm party congresses at the Tampere Workers' Hall, the conference was an unofficial meeting of the Bolshevik faction of the party. It is particularly remembered for playing host to the first meeting of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin. The conference resolved to forgo participation in the new State Duma, as did most of the far left parties. They later reversed this decision in 1907.Demin, V. A. (2008). "Factions in the Second State Duma". Russian Studies in History. 46 (4): 34 The Tampere conference was conducted in secrecy, and little record remains of its proceedings. The only known documents that remain are the printed record of the resolutions reached at the meeting, and Lenin's report on its results. The exact timeframe of the conference is also unclear. Finnish sources suggest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic Party Of Finland
The Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP, fi, Suomen sosialidemokraattinen puolue ; sv, Finlands socialdemokratiska parti), shortened to the Social Democrats ( fi, link=no, Sosiaalidemokraatit; sv, link=no, Socialdemokrater) and commonly known in Finnish as Demarit ( sv, link=no, Socialdemokraterna), is a social-democratic political party in Finland. It is currently the largest party in the Parliament of Finland with 40 seats. Founded in 1899 as the Finnish Labour Party ( fi, link=no, Suomen työväenpuolue; sv, link=no, Finska arbetarpartiet), the SDP is Finland's oldest active political party and has a close relationship with the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions. It is also a member of the Party of European Socialists, Progressive Alliance, Socialist International and SAMAK. Following the resignation of Antti Rinne in December 2019, Sanna Marin became the country's 76th Prime Minister. SDP formed a new coalition government on the basis of its predecessor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finns
Finns or Finnish people ( fi, suomalaiset, ) are a Baltic Finnic ethnic group native to Finland. Finns are traditionally divided into smaller regional groups that span several countries adjacent to Finland, both those who are native to these countries as well as those who have resettled. Some of these may be classified as separate ethnic groups, rather than subgroups of Finns. These include the Kvens and Forest Finns in Norway, the Tornedalians in Sweden, and the Ingrian Finns in Russia. Finnish, the language spoken by Finns, is closely related to other Balto-Finnic languages, e.g. Estonian and Karelian. The Finnic languages are a subgroup of the larger Uralic family of languages, which also includes Hungarian. These languages are markedly different from most other languages spoken in Europe, which belong to the Indo-European family of languages. Native Finns can also be divided according to dialect into subgroups sometimes called '' heimo'' (lit. ''tribe''), although ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Työmies
''Työmies'' (The Worker) was a politically radical Finnish-language newspaper published primarily out of Hancock, Michigan, and Superior, Wisconsin. Launched as a weekly in July 1903, the paper later went to daily frequency and was issued under its own name until its merger with the communism, communist newspaper ''Eteenpäin'' (Forward) in 1950 to form ''Työmies-Eteenpäin''. ''Työmies'' was affiliated with the Finnish Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party of America before later becoming a publication of the Communist Party, USA. History Establishment ''Työmies'' was established in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1903 as ''Amerikan Suomalainen Työmies'' (The Finnish-American Worker).Auvo Kostiainen, "Finns," in Dirk Hoerder with Christiane Harzig (eds.), ''The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography: Volume 1: Migrants from Northern Europe.'' Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1987; pp. 224, 234-235. The original ''Amerikan Suomal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
