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Veronese Riddle
The Veronese Riddle ( it, Indovinello veronese) is a riddle written in late Vulgar Latin, or early Romance, on the Verona Orational, probably in the 8th or early 9th century, by a Christian monk from Verona, in northern Italy. It is an example of a writing-riddle, a popular genre in the Middle Ages and still in circulation in recent times. Discovered by Luigi Schiaparelli in 1924, it may be the earliest extant example of Romance writing in Italy. Text The text, with a literal translation, runs: Explanation The subject of the riddle is the writer himself: the oxen are his fingers which draw a feather (the white plow) across the page (the white field), leaving a trail of ink (the black seed). Origins of the ''Indovinello'' The Riddle was written on codex LXXXIX (89) of the '' Biblioteca Capitolare di Verona''. The parchment, discovered by Schiapparelli in 1924, is a Mozarabic oration by the Spanish Christian Church, probably written in Toledo. From there it was brought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulgar Latin
Vulgar Latin, also known as Popular or Colloquial Latin, is the range of non-formal registers of Latin spoken from the Late Roman Republic onward. Through time, Vulgar Latin would evolve into numerous Romance languages. Its literary counterpart was a form of either Classical Latin or Late Latin, depending on the time period. Origin of the term During the Classical period, Roman authors referred to the informal, everyday variety of their own language as ''sermo plebeius'' or ''sermo vulgaris'', meaning "common speech". The modern usage of the term Vulgar Latin dates to the Renaissance, when Italian thinkers began to theorize that their own language originated in a sort of "corrupted" Latin that they assumed formed an entity distinct from the literary Classical variety, though opinions differed greatly on the nature of this "vulgar" dialect. The early 19th-century French linguist Raynouard is often regarded as the father of modern Romance philology. Observing that the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toledo, Spain
Toledo ( , ) is a city and municipality of Spain, capital of the province of Toledo and the ''de jure'' seat of the government and parliament of the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha. Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 for its extensive monumental and cultural heritage. Located on the banks of the Tagus in central Iberia, Toledo is known as the "City of the Three Cultures" for the cultural influences of Christians, Muslims, and Jews throughout its history. It was the capital, from 542 to 725 CE, of the Visigothic kingdom, which followed the fall of the Roman Empire. Toledo was also the location of historic events such as the Councils of Toledo and was labelled the "Imperial City" due to the fact that it was the main venue of the court of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in Spain. The city, seat of a powerful archdiocese for much of its history, has a Gothic Cathedral, the '' Catedral Primada de España'' ("The Primate Cathedral of Spain"), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commodilla Catacomb Inscription
The Commodilla catacomb inscription is found on the cornice of a fresco in the tomb of the Christian martyrs Felix and Adauctus, located in the catacombs of Commodilla in Rome. The graffito has an important place in the history of Italian, as it represents a form of language intermediate between Latin and Old Italian. Text The inscription is spread over six lines: This may be divided into words as ''non dicere ille secrita a bboce'' ('don't say the secrets aloud'), referring to Christian ''mysteria'' or secret prayers to be recited under one's breath. Date The inscription has to post-date the fresco on which it is written, which can itself be dated to the 6th or 7th century on stylistic grounds (thus establishing the ''terminus post quem''). The ''terminus ante quem'' can be estimated on the following grounds: * Palaeographic: the type of uncial script used may be dated between the 8th and 10th centuries, perhaps the 9th. * Liturgical: the practice of pronouncing prayers quiet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladin Language
Ladin (, also ; autonym: , it, ladino; german: Ladinisch) is a Romance language of the Rhaeto-Romance subgroup, mainly spoken in the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy in the provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, and Belluno, by the Ladin people. It exhibits similarities to Swiss Romansh and Friulian. The precise extension of the Ladin language area is a subject of scholarly debate. A more narrow perspective includes only the dialects of the valleys around the Sella group, while wider definitions comprise the dialects of adjacent valleys in the Province of Belluno and even dialects spoken in the northwestern Trentino. A standard variety of Ladin () has been developed by the Office for Ladin Language Planning as a common communication tool across the whole Ladin-speaking region. Geographic distribution Ladin is recognized as a minority language in 54 Italian municipalities belonging to the provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino and Belluno. It is not possible to asse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venetian Language
Venetian, wider Venetian or Venetan ( or ) is a Romance language spoken natively in the northeast of Italy,Ethnologue mostly in the Veneto region, where most of the five million inhabitants can understand it. It is sometimes spoken and often well understood outside Veneto: in Trentino, Friuli, the Julian March, Istria, and some towns of Slovenia and Dalmatia ( Croatia) by a surviving autochthonous Venetian population, and Brazil, Argentina, Australia, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Mexico by Venetians in the diaspora. Although referred to as an "Italian dialect" ( vec, diałeto, links=no, it, dialetto) even by some of its speakers, the label is primarily geographic. Venetian is a separate language from Italian, with many local varieties. Its precise place within the Romance language family remains somewhat controversial. Both Ethnologue and Glottolog group it into the Gallo-Italic branch. Devoto, Avolio and Ursini reject such classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veronese Dialect
Veronese is the Italian word denoting someone or something from Verona, Italy and may refer to: * Veronese Riddle, a popular riddle in the Middle Ages * ''Veronese'' (moth), a moth genus in the family Crambidae * Monte Veronese, an Italian cheese made from cow's milk * the Veronese embedding of a projective space by a complete linear system * Veronese (typeface), Monotype typeface series 59, cut in 1911 for publisher J.M. Dent Places * Velo Veronese, Italy * Cavaion Veronese, Italy * Povegliano Veronese Povegliano Veronese ( vec, Pojan) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about west of Venice and about from the Catullo Airport (Verona's Airport). Demographic evolution Colors= id:l ..., Italy People * Angela Veronese (1778–1847), Italian poet * Bonifazio Veronese (1487–1553), Italian Renaissance painter * Paolo Caliari, usually known as Veronese (1528–1588), Italian Renaissance painter in Veni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plow
A plough or plow ( US; both ) is a farm tool for loosening or turning the soil before sowing seed or planting. Ploughs were traditionally drawn by oxen and horses, but in modern farms are drawn by tractors. A plough may have a wooden, iron or steel frame, with a blade attached to cut and loosen the soil. It has been fundamental to farming for most of history. The earliest ploughs had no wheels; such a plough was known to the Romans as an ''aratrum''. Celtic peoples first came to use wheeled ploughs in the Roman era. The prime purpose of ploughing is to turn over the uppermost soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface while burying weeds and crop remains to decay. Trenches cut by the plough are called furrows. In modern use, a ploughed field is normally left to dry and then harrowed before planting. Ploughing and cultivating soil evens the content of the upper layer of soil, where most plant-feeder roots grow. Ploughs were initially powered by humans, but the use of far ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accusative
The accusative case (abbreviated ) of a noun is the grammatical case used to mark the direct object of a transitive verb. In the English language, the only words that occur in the accusative case are pronouns: 'me,' 'him,' 'her,' 'us,' and ‘them’. The spelling of those words will change depending on how they are used in a sentence. For example, the pronoun ''they'', as the subject of a sentence, is in the nominative case ("They wrote a book"); but if the pronoun is instead the object, it is in the accusative case and ''they'' becomes ''them'' ("The book was written by them"). The accusative case is used in many languages for the objects of (some or all) prepositions. It is usually combined with the nominative case (for example in Latin). The English term, "accusative", derives from the Latin , which, in turn, is a translation of the Greek . The word may also mean "causative", and this may have been the Greeks' intention in this name, but the sense of the Roman translation h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Placiti Cassinesi
The Placiti Cassinesi are four official juridical documents written between 960 and 963 in southern Italy, regarding a dispute on several lands among three Benedictine monasteries and a local landowner. They are considered the first extant documents written in a Romance vernacular of Italy, along with the Veronese Riddle and the Commodilla catacomb inscription. Text Original text: :''Sao ko kelle terre, per kelle fini que ki contene, trenta anni le possette parte Sancti Benedicti.'' :''Sao cco kelle terre, per kelle fini que tebe monstrai, Pergoaldi foro, que ki contene, et trenta anni le possette.'' :''Kella terra, per kelle fini que bobe mostrai, sancte Marie è, et trenta anni la posset parte sancte Marie.'' :''Sao cco kelle terre, per kelle fini que tebe mostrai, trenta anni le possette parte sancte Marie.'' Translation: :"I know that these lands, within the borders shown here, have been owned by the monastery of St. Benedict for thirty years." :"I know that these lands, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesco Bruni (linguist)
Francesco Bruni may refer to: * Francesco Bruni (artist) (c. 1660–?), Italian engraver * Francesco Bruni (bishop) (1802–1863), bishop in Roman Catholic Diocese of Ugento-Santa Maria di Leuca * Francesco Bruni (linguist) (born 1943), Italian linguist, see Veronese Riddle * Francesco Bruni (screenwriter) (born 1961), Italian screenwriter and director * Francesco Bruni (Senator) (born 1964), politician on List of members of the Italian Senate, 2013–18 * Francesco Bruni (sailor) Francesco "Checco" Bruni (born 11 April 1973) is a professional sailor from Italy, together with James Spithill, helmsman of Luna Rossa during the America's Cup 2021. He is the brother of the sailor Gabriele Bruni with whom he teamed up in 49 ... (born 1973), Italian Olympic sailor See also * Francesco Bruno (born 1968), Italian sport shooter {{hndis, Bruni, Francesco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cesare Segre
Cesare Segre (4 April 1928 – 16 March 2014) was an Italian philologist, semiotician and literary critic of Jewish descent, and the Director of the ''Texts and Textual Traditions Research Centre of the Institute for Advanced Studies of Pavia'' (IUSS). Segre was born in Verzuolo, Province of Cuneo. He lived and studied in Turin, where he was awarded his degree in 1950, a pupil of Benvenuto Terracini and famous uncle Santorre Debenedetti. A professor of Romance Philology since 1954, he taught at the universities of Trieste and Pavia, where in the 1960s he became Chair of this discipline. Segre was also a Visiting Professor at the University of Manchester, University of Rio de Janeiro, Harvard University, Princeton University, and UC Berkeley. He collaborated with numerous academic magazines and journals, among which: Studi di filologia italiana, Cultura neolatina, L'Approdo letterario; he has also been the editor of Paragone; director with Maria Corti, D'Arco Silvio Avall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Migliorini
Bruno Migliorini (; 19 November 1896 – 18 June 1975) was an Italian linguist and philologist. He was the author of one of the first scientific histories of Italian language and was president of the Accademia della Crusca. Biography Migliorini was born in Rovigo. He studied at Ca' Foscari university in Venice, then in the faculty of Letters of the University of Padua. After the Italian defeat in the Battle of Caporetto (1917), his family was forced to move to Rome. There, at the University La Sapienza, he met his masters, the philologists Ernesto Monaci and Cesare De Lollis, and, from 1920, collaborated to '' La Cultura'', a journal whose founders included De Lollis himself and Giovanni Gentile. He was chief editor of the '' Enciclopedia Italiana'' from 1930 to 1933, when he succeeded Angelo Monteverdi as professor of Romance languages and literatures at the University of Fribourg, where Migliorini remained until 1938. Thenceforth he was the first professor of History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
