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Vision Therapy
Vision therapy (VT), or behavioral optometry, is an umbrella term for alternative medicine treatments using eye exercises, based around the pseudoscientific claim that vision problems are the true underlying cause of learning difficulties, particularly in children. Vision therapy has not been shown to be effective using scientific studies, except for helping with convergence insufficiency. Most claimsfor example that the therapy can address neurological, educational, and spatial difficultieslack supporting evidence. Neither the American Academy of Pediatrics nor the American Academy of Ophthalmology support the use of vision therapy. Definition and conceptual basis Vision therapy is based on the proposition that many learning disabilities in children are based on vision problems, and that these can be cured by performing eye exercises. Vision therapy lacks sound evidence, has been characterized as a pseudoscience and its practice as quackery. Vision therapy is a broad concept th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Optometry
Optometry is the healthcare practice concerned with examining the eyes for visual defects, prescribing corrective lenses, and detecting eye abnormalities. In the United States and Canada, optometrists are those that hold a post-baccalaureate four-year Doctor of Optometry degree. They are trained and licensed to practice medicine for eye related conditions, in addition to providing refractive (optical) eye care. Within their scope of practice, optometrists are considered physicians and bill medical insurance(s) (example: Medicare) accordingly. In the United Kingdom, optometrists may also provide medical care (e.g. prescribe medications and perform various surgeries) for eye-related conditions in addition to providing refractive care. The Doctor of Optometry degree is rarer in the UK. Many optometrists participate in academic research for eye-related conditions and diseases. In addition to prescribing glasses and contact lenses for vision related deficiencies, optometrists are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asthenopia
Eye strain, also medically termed as asthenopia (), is a common eye condition characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache, and occasional double vision. These symptoms tend to arise after long-term use of computers, staring at phone screens, digital devices, reading, or other activities that involve extended visual tasks. Various causes contribute to eye strain, including uncorrected vision problems, digital device usage, environmental factors, and underlying health conditions. When concentrating on a visually intense task, such as continuously focusing on a book or computer monitor, the ciliary muscles and the extraocular muscles are strained, also contributing to the symptoms. These symptoms are broadly classified into external (related to the ocular surface) and internal symptom factors (related to eye muscles). Treatment involves environmental modifications, visual aids, and taking periodic breaks. The e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Well-being
Well-being is what is Intrinsic value (ethics), ultimately good for a person. Also called "welfare" and "quality of life", it is a measure of how well life is going for someone. It is a central goal of many individual and societal endeavors. Subjective well-being refers to how a person feels about and evaluates their life. Objective well-being encompasses factors that can be assessed from an external perspective, such as health, income, and security. Individual well-being concerns the quality of life of a particular person, whereas community well-being measures how well a group of people functions and thrives. Various types of well-being are categorized based on the domain of life to which they belong, such as physical, psychological, emotional, social, and economic well-being. Theories of well-being aim to identify the Essence, essential features of well-being. Hedonism argues that the balance of pleasure over pain is the only factor. Desire theories assert that the satisfact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Optometric Extension Program
The Optometric Extension Program Foundation (OEPF) is an international, non-profit organization dedicated to the advancement of the discipline of optometry, with recent emphasis on behavioral optometry and vision therapy.David A. Goss"History of Optometry."Web posted lecture handout. Accessed November 10, 2020. The story of OEPF started over 130 years ago, when Dr. A.M. Skeffington, the father of behavioral optometry, was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Dr. Skeffington taught us many things...: * Vision is a learned skill that emerges. * Ocular discomfort occurs when visual achievement gets to the point of being unsatisfactory or becomes unacceptable to the person. * Through proper training, people can see more efficiently. OEPF was founded in 1928 by A.M. Skeffington and E.B. Alexander. E.B. Alexander, was executive director of the Optometric Extension Program: The organizational force behind the Foundation and a visionary optometric pioneer. The OEP Foundation has its origins i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
College Of Optometrists In Vision Development
The College of Optometrists in Vision Development (COVD) consists of optometrists, vision therapists, and other vision specialists. ''Optometry & Vision Development'' is an official COVD peer reviewed publication. It is published four times a year and is an open access international journal that is available both online and in hard copy. See also *American Academy of Optometry The American Academy of Optometry (AAO) is an organization of optometrists based in Orlando, Florida. Its goal is to maintain and enhance excellence in optometric practice, by both promoting research and the dissemination of knowledge. The AAO hol ... * Optometric Extension Program References External links * Optometry Organizations established in 1971 {{med-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Academy Of Optometry
The American Academy of Optometry (AAO) is an organization of optometrists based in Orlando, Florida. Its goal is to maintain and enhance excellence in optometric practice, by both promoting research and the dissemination of knowledge. The AAO holds an annual meeting, publishes a monthly scientific journal, gives credentials to optometrists through the fellowship process and publishes position statements. In qualifying for Fellowship of AAO (FAAO), individuals are evaluated according to the highest standards of competence. See also * ''Optometry and Vision Science ''Optometry and Vision Science'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on behalf of the American Academy of Optometry. The journal was established in 1924 as the ''American Journal of Optometry''. ...'': the AAO's journal * American Optometric Association * College of Optometrists in Vision Development References Optometry Eye care in the United States Medic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Optometric Association
The American Optometric Association (AOA), founded in 1898, represents approximately 37,000 doctors of optometry, optometry students and para-optometric assistants and technicians in the United States. Overview The AOA states that: The American Optometric Association represents more than 49,000 doctors of optometry, optometry students and paraoptometric assistants and technicians. Optometrists serve patients in nearly 6,500 communities across the country, and in 3,500 of those communities are the only eye doctors. Doctors of optometry provide two-thirds of all primary eye care in the United States. Founded in 1898, the AOA is a federation of state, student and armed forces optometric associations. Through these affiliations, the AOA serves members consisting of optometrists, students of optometry, paraoptometric assistants and technicians. Together, the AOA and its affiliates work to provide the public with quality vision and eye care. The AOA has offices in St. Louis, Mis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Academy Of Ophthalmology
The American Academy of Ophthalmology is a professional association, professional medical association of ophthalmologists. It is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Its membership of 32,000 medical doctors includes more than 90 percent of practicing ophthalmologists in the United States as well as over 7,000 members abroad. The academy's stated mission is "to protect sight and empower lives by serving as an advocate for patients and the public, leading ophthalmic education, and advancing the profession of ophthalmology." History The academy has its origins in the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology (AAOO), founded in 1896 as a medical association of both ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists. The Academy was founded when the AAOO split in 1979 and divided into separate academies for each specialty. Like most medical associations, the Academy collects dues, provides continuing education and seminars for its members, including its four-day annual meetin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Orthoptic Association
The International Orthoptic Association represents over 20,000 orthoptists, in over 20 countries. History The International Orthoptic Association was formed in 1967 after the first International Orthoptic Congress. The British Orthoptic Association were the founding members. Registration and licensing Orthoptists are required to be licensed by their respective countries. Many countries also require them to undertake continuing professional education. Professional work Orthoptists are part of the eye care professional team. They primarily work alongside ophthalmologists, in the co-management of strabismus and binocular vision disorders, such as amblyopia. Orthoptists are involved in international research, whilst some are employed (particular in the US and Canada) to teach training ophthalmology residents the practice of standard orthoptic care, vision therapy and ocular sonographer practice. See also * Amblyopia * Eye care professional * Eyepatch * Optometry * Orthopti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evidence-based Medicine
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is "the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. It means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research." The aim of EBM is to integrate the experience of the clinician, the values of the patient, and the best available scientific information to guide decision-making about clinical management. The term was originally used to describe an approach to teaching the practice of medicine and improving decisions by individual physicians about individual patients. The EBM Pyramid is a tool that helps in visualizing the hierarchy of evidence in medicine, from least authoritative, like expert opinions, to most authoritative, like systematic reviews. Adoption of evidence-based medicine is necessary in a human Rights-based approach to development, rights-based approach to public health and a precondition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behavioral Optometry
Vision therapy (VT), or behavioral optometry, is an umbrella term for alternative medicine treatments using eye exercises, based around the pseudoscientific claim that vision problems are the true underlying cause of learning difficulties, particularly in children. Vision therapy has not been shown to be effective using scientific studies, except for helping with convergence insufficiency. Most claimsfor example that the therapy can address neurological, educational, and spatial difficultieslack supporting evidence. Neither the American Academy of Pediatrics nor the American Academy of Ophthalmology support the use of vision therapy. Definition and conceptual basis Vision therapy is based on the proposition that many learning disabilities in children are based on vision problems, and that these can be cured by performing eye exercises. Vision therapy lacks sound evidence, has been characterized as a pseudoscience and its practice as quackery. Vision therapy is a broad concept th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reading (process)
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of Visual perception, sight or Somatosensory system, touch. For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), Alphabetic principle, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation. Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol and an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (as in the case of braille). Overview Reading is generally an individual activity, done silently, although on occasion a person reads out loud for other listeners; or reads aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension. Before the reintroduction of Palaeography, separated text (spaces betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
