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Tulay Goren
Tulay Goren (March 1983 – 7 January 1999) was a 15-year-old Kurdish schoolgirl from Woodford Green, North London who went missing in January 1999. In December 2009, some ten years after her disappearance, her father Mehmet Goren was convicted of her murder. She was killed in a so-called honour killing because of her relationship with an older man, from a different branch of the Islamic faith. Mehmet Goren was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 22 years. Tulay's body has never been found. Goren's trial was the first time an expert witness in honour-based violence was called to give evidence in a British Court. Background Tulay was born in Turkey in March 1983; she was one of four children born to Mehmet and Hanim Goren. Her family, of the Alevi branch of Islam, are Turkish Kurds who originate from Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş and who arrived in the United Kingdom as illegal immigrants in the mid-nineties, later claiming asylum. Tulay's father Mehmet wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbistan
Elbistan ( 1ca, Ablasta, Ablastayn, Ablastin, Ablistan;Aksüt, Ali"''On the Alevism of Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinozu and Afsin - Elbistan Nurhak Ekinözü Afşin Aleviliği Üzerine - Zum Alevitentum in Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinözü und Afşin''"- Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi 2017 (No.15), pp.264-265, 27doi:10.24082/abked.2017.15.011/ref> ku, Elbistan; ar, البستان) is a district in Kahramanmaraş Province in southern Turkey. Its population is 142,548 (2019) and it is the most populous district of Kahramanmaraş province. It is also the largest district of the province by area and it has the fourth largest plain in the country. Demographics Evliya Çelebi noted that the majority of the town's population was Turkoman in his seyahatname. Currently, the majority of the population of the district is Sunni Turkish with a significant Alevi and Sunni Kurdish population. Turkish Alevis are also present. The Turkmen Alevism of the region is historically rooted in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. According to Sunni traditions, Muhammad left no successor and the participants of the Saqifah event appointed Abu Bakr as the next-in-line (the first caliph). This contrasts with the Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. The adherents of Sunni Islam are referred to in Arabic as ("the people of the Sunnah and the community") or for short. In English, its doctrines and practices are sometimes called ''Sunnism'', while adherents are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis, Sunnites and Ahlus Sunnah. Sunni Islam is sometimes refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acquittal
In common law jurisdictions, an acquittal certifies that the accused is free from the charge of an offense, as far as criminal law is concerned. The finality of an acquittal is dependent on the jurisdiction. In some countries, such as the United States, an acquittal operates to bar the retrial of the accused for the same offense, even if new evidence surfaces that further implicates the accused. The effect of an acquittal on criminal proceedings is the same whether it results from a jury verdict or results from the operation of some other rule that discharges the accused. In other countries, the prosecuting authority may appeal an acquittal similar to how a defendant may appeal a conviction. Scotland Scots law has two acquittal verdicts: ''not guilty'' and '' not proven''. However a verdict of "not proven" does not give rise to the double jeopardy rule. England and Wales In England and Wales, which share a common legal system, the Criminal Justice Act 2003 creates a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakin Ertürk
Yakin Ertürk (born 1945) is a Turkish former United Nations special rapporteur on violence against women and board member of the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD), and was a professor of Sociology. Early life and education Ertürk has a B.A. from Hacettepe University (1969) and a Ph.D. in Sociology from Cornell University: her thesis (1980) was on "Rural change in Southeastern Anatolia : an analysis of rural poverty and power structure as a reflection of center-periphery relations in Turkey". Career Ertürk held posts at King Saud University (1979-1982), Hacettepe University (1983—1986) and Middle East Technical University (METU) (1986-1987) before joining the United Nations in 1997 to become Director of the International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW) in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (1997-1999) and then Director of The Division for the Advancement of Women at UN headquarters in New York (1999-2001 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Old Bailey
The Central Criminal Court of England and Wales, commonly referred to as the Old Bailey after the street on which it stands, is a criminal court building in central London, one of several that house the Crown Court of England and Wales. The street outside follows the route of the ancient wall around the City of London, which was part of the fortification's '' bailey'', hence the metonymic name. The Old Bailey has been housed in a succession of court buildings on the street since the sixteenth century, when it was attached to the medieval Newgate gaol. The current main building block was completed in 1902, designed by Edward William Mountford; its architecture is recognised and protected as a Grade II* listed building. An extension South Block was constructed in 1972, over the former site of Newgate gaol which was demolished in 1904. The Crown Court sitting in the Old Bailey hears major criminal cases from within Greater London. In exceptional cases, trials may be referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honor-based Violence
An honor killing (American English), honour killing (Commonwealth English), or shame killing is the murder of an individual, either an outsider or a member of a family, by someone seeking to protect what they see as the dignity and honor of themselves or their family. Honor killings are often connected to religion, caste and other forms of hierarchical social stratification, or to sexuality. Most often, it involves the murder of a woman or girl by male family members, due to the perpetrators' belief that the victim has brought dishonor or shame upon the family name, reputation or prestige. Honor killings are believed to have originated from tribal customs. They are prevalent in various parts of the world, as well as in immigrant communities in countries which do not otherwise have societal norms that encourage honor killings. Honor killings are often associated with rural and tribal areas, but they occur in urban areas too. Although condemned by international conventions a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banaz Mahmod
Banaz is a town and district of Uşak Province in the inner Aegean Region, Aegean region of Turkey. The mayor is Zafer Arpacı (Justice and Development Party (Turkey), AKP). Banaz district area neighbors those of two other districts of the same province, namely Sivaslı and Uşak central district from its south to its west, ranges three districts of Kütahya Province, Gediz, Kütahya, Gediz, Altıntaş and Dumlupınar, Kütahya, Dumlupınar, along its north, and adjoins three districts of Afyonkarahisar Province, namely Sandıklı, Sinanpaşa and Hocalar to its east. The town is situated on the main road from İzmir to Ankara, at a distance of to the province seat of Uşak. The town has a population of 15,504 (2007 census). The district extends on a large and fertile plain (65 km²) that carries the same name as the town and the district (Banaz Plain - ''Banaz Ovası''), and it is an area of intense and varied agricultural production, as well as of dense forestation. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murder Of Heshu Yones
Heshu Yones ( ckb, هێشو یۆنس; 1986 – 12 October 2002) was a 16-year-old Iraqi Kurd from Acton, west London who was murdered by her father in an honour killing. Abdalla Yones killed his daughter for becoming too " westernised" and for engaging in a relationship against his orders. He was sentenced to life in prison in September 2003, with a minimum term of fourteen years. Heshu's case was the first in the United Kingdom to be legally recognised and prosecuted as an honour killing; it led to the creation of a specialist task force in honour-based violence and, subsequently, to the reviewing of more than 100 previous cases of murder and suicide for any indication that "honour" was a factor. Background Heshu was born into a Muslim family in Iraqi Kurdistan circa 1986. She was the middle of three children born to Abdalla and Tanya Yones. An Iraqi Kurd, Abdalla Yones was an active member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), fighting for them from 1980 until 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Women
Kurdish women ( ku, ژنانی کورد, translit=Jinên Kurd) have traditionally played important roles in Kurdish society and politics. In general, Kurdish women's rights and equality have improved dramatically in the 21st century due to progressive movements within Kurdish society. However, despite the progress, Kurdish and international women's rights organizations still report problems related to gender inequality, forced marriages, honor killings, and in Iraqi Kurdistan, female genital mutilation (FGM). Historical accounts In politics Knowledge about the early history of Kurdish women is limited by both the dearth of records and the near absence of research. In 1597 (16th century), Prince Sharaf ad-Din Bitlisi wrote a book titled Sharafnama, which makes references to the women of the ruling landowning class, and their exclusion from public life and the exercise of state power. It says that the Kurds of the Ottoman Empire, who follow Islamic tradition, took four wives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Prosecution Service
The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is the principal public agency for conducting criminal prosecutions in England and Wales. It is headed by the Director of Public Prosecutions. The main responsibilities of the CPS are to provide legal advice to the police and other investigative agencies during the course of criminal investigations, to decide whether a suspect should face criminal charges following an investigation, and to conduct prosecutions both in the magistrates' courts and the Crown Court. The Attorney General for England and Wales superintends the CPS's work and answers for it in Parliament, although the Attorney General has no influence over the conduct of prosecutions, except when national security is an issue or for a small number of offences that require the Attorney General's permission to prosecute. History Historically prosecutions were conducted through a patchwork of different systems. For serious crimes tried at the county level, justices of the peace or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hearsay In English Law
The hearsay provisions of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 reformed the common law relating to the admissibility of hearsay evidence in criminal proceedings begun on or after 4 April 2005. Section 114 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 defines hearsay evidence as a statement not made in oral evidence in criminal proceedings and admissible as evidence of any matter stated but only if certain conditions are met, specifically where: * It is in the interests of justice to admit it (see section 114(1)(d)) * The witness cannot attend (see section 116) * The evidence is in a document (see section 117) * The evidence is multiple hearsay (see section 121) The meaning of "statements" and "matter stated" is explained in section 115 of the 2003 Act. "Oral evidence" is defined in section 134(1) of that Act. History of the rule The rules of hearsay began to form properly in the late seventeenth century and had become fully established by the early nineteenth century. The issues were analysed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perverting The Course Of Justice
Perverting the course of justice is an offence committed when a person prevents justice from being served on themselves or on another party. In England and Wales it is a common law offence, carrying a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. Statutory versions of the offence exist in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, and New Zealand. The Scottish equivalent is defeating the ends of justice, while the South African counterpart is defeating or obstructing the course of justice. A similar concept, obstruction of justice, exists in United States law. England and Wales Doing an act tending and intending to pervert the course of public justice is an offence under the common law of England and Wales. Perverting the course of justice can be any of three acts: * Fabricating or disposing of evidence * Intimidating or threatening a witness or juror * Intimidating or threatening a judge Also criminal are: # conspiring with another to pervert the course of justice, and # intending to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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