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Toll (telecommunications)
Toll, in the telecom industry, refers to a charge collected by either an Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier, or a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier on a telephone call. Toll is one class of charges in telecom. Typically, it is charged for crossing a boundary, whether the boundary is a Local access and transport area (LATA), a Number Portability Administration Center The Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC) is a function of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. It administers the routing of telephone calls and text messages (SMS) for the telecommunications industry and its ... (NPAC) region, or an international border. References See also * Toll switching trunk Telecommunications economics {{telephony-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Competitive Local Exchange Carrier
A competitive local exchange carrier (CLEC), in the United States and Canada, is a telecommunications provider company (sometimes called a "carrier") competing with other, already established carriers, generally the incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC). Background Local exchange carriers (LECs) are divided into incumbent (ILECs) and competitive (CLECs). The ILECs are usually the original, monopoly LEC in a given area, and receive different regulatory treatment from the newer CLECs. A data local exchange carrier (DLEC) is a CLEC specializing in DSL services by leasing lines from the ILEC and reselling them to Internet service providers (ISPs). History CLECs evolved from the competitive access providers (CAPs) that began to offer private line and special access services in competition with the ILECs beginning in 1985. The CAPs (such as Teleport Communications Group (TCG) and Metropolitan Fiber Systems (MFS)) deployed fiber optic systems in the central business districts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Access And Transport Area
Local access and transport area (LATA) is a term used in U.S. telecommunications regulation. It represents a geographical area of the United States under the terms of the Modification of Final Judgment (MFJ) entered by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in Civil Action number 82-0192 or any other geographic area designated as a LATA in the National Exchange Carrier Association, Inc. Tariff FCC No. 4. that precipitated the breakup of the original AT&T into the "Baby Bells" or created since that time for wireline regulation. Generally, a LATA represents an area within which a divested Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) is permitted to offer exchange telecommunications and exchange access services. Under the terms of the MFJ, the RBOCs are generally prohibited from providing services that originate in one LATA and terminate in another. LATA boundaries tend to be drawn around markets, and not necessarily along existing state or area code borders. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Number Portability Administration Center
The Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC) is a function of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. It administers the routing of telephone calls and text messages (SMS) for the telecommunications industry and its customers. As such, it facilitates local number portability in the United States and Canada. History The Telecommunications Act of 1996 ((b)(2)) established that all local exchange carriers must implement local number portability (LNP) in accordance with the regulations of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Subsequently, the FCC selected Lockheed Martin as the LNP administrator. The Number Portability Administration Center was originally implemented by the Communications Industry Services (CIS) division of Lockheed Martin in 1997. In 1998, Lockheed Martin formed a separate company, Neustar, for the management of the NPAC. At the time the work constituted the first database and registry to enable local number portability for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll Switching Trunk
In telecommunication, a toll switching trunk or toll connecting trunk is a trunk connecting an end office to a toll center as the first stage of concentration for intertoll or long-distance traffic. Operator assistance or participation may be an optional function. In U.S. common carrier telephony service, a toll center designated ''Class 4C'' is an office where assistance in completing incoming calls is provided in addition to other traffic; a toll center designated ''Class 4P'' is an office where operators handle only outbound calls, or where switching is performed without operator assistance. References * See also * Class-4 telephone switch A class-4, or tandem, telephone switch is a U.S. telephone company central office telephone exchange used to interconnect local exchange carrier offices for long distance communications in the public switched telephone network. A class-4 swi ... Communication circuits Telecommunications economics {{telecomm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
