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Thirupavai
The Thiruppavai (Tamil: திருப்பாவை) is a set of Tamil devotional religious hymns attributed to the female poet-saint Andal (also known as Nachiyar, Kodhai or Goda Devi). She is considered the manifestation of Bhudevi, who has come down to earth as Periyalvar's daughter. She is said to have fasted (a 'Paavai nonbu') during the month of 'Margazhi' (Dhanurmaasam) and composed 30 religious hymns at the age of 5, to attain Perumal. It consists of thirty stanzas (''paasurams'') in praise of Thirumal (a manifestation of Lord Vishnu). It is a part of Divya Prabandha, a collection of the works of the twelve Alvars, that is considered an important part of the devotional genre of Tamil literature. The Thiruppavai has also been translated into Telugu by Mullapudi Venkataramana as ''Melupalukula Melukolupu.'' In Thiruppavai, Andal gives a universal call to all people to recite the name and glories of Lord Vishnu. Paavai Genre Thiruppavai belongs to the Paavai genre of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andal
Andal ( ta, ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alvar saints, she was affiliated to the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. Active in the 8th-century, with some suggesting 7th-century, Andal is credited with two great Tamil works, ''Thiruppavai'' and '' Nachiyar Tirumoḻi'', which are still recited by devotees during the winter festival season of Margaḻi. Andal is a prominent figure for women in South India and has inspired several women's groups such as Goda Mandali. Legends According to literary and religious tradition, Periyalvar (பெரியாழ்வார்), originally called Vishnuchithan, was an ardent devotee of Perumal (Vishnu) and he used to string garlands to the deity every day. He was childless and he prayed to God to save him from the longing for a child. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Krishna With His Head On The Lap Of The Alvar Saint, Andal
Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are entitled to courtesy titles. The collective "Lords" can refer to a group or body of peers. Etymology According to the Oxford Dictionary of English, the etymology of the word can be traced back to the Old English word ''hlāford'' which originated from ''hlāfweard'' meaning "loaf-ward" or "bread-keeper", reflecting the Germanic tribal custom of a chieftain providing food for his followers. The appellation "lord" is primarily applied to men, while for women the appellation " lady" is used. This is no longer universal: the Lord of Mann, a title previously held by the Queen of the United Kingdom, and female Lords Mayor are examples of women who are styled as "Lord". Historical usage Feudalism Under the feudal system, "lord" had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vrata
Vrata is a Sanskrit word that means "vow, resolve, devotion", and refers to pious observances such as fasting and pilgrimage ( Tirtha) found in Indian religions such as Jainism and Hinduism. It is typically accompanied with prayers seeking health and happiness for their loved ones. Etymology Vrata (Sanskrit: व्रत) means "vow, resolve, devotion",Monier Monier-Williams (1899), Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 1042, Article on ''Vrata'' and refers to the practice of austerity, particularly in matters related to foods and drinks by people in Hindu and Jaina culture, as part of a pious observance or prayers seeking health, fertility, long life or happiness for her loved ones. Derived from the root ''‘vr’'' ("will, rule, restrain, conduct, choose, select"), the word is found over 200 times in the Rigveda. It is also found in other Vedic literature including the Upanishads, but the context suggests that the meaning of the word in the Vedic era wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanumatodi
Hanumatodi, more popularly known as Todi (pronounced hanumatōdi and tōdi), is a rāgam (musical scale) in Carnatic music. It is the 8th ''melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. This is sung very often in concerts. It is a difficult rāgam to perform in owing to its complexity in '' prayoga'' (phrases of notes and intonation). It is called Janatodi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai Its Western equivalent is the Phrygian mode. Todi in Carnatic music is different from '' Todi (thaat)'' of Hindustani music (North Indian classical music). The equivalent of the Hindustani raga ''Todi'' in Carnatic music is ''Shubhapantuvarali'' (which is the 45th ''melakarta'').''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras The equiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhanyasi
Dhanyasi is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a ''janya'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th '' melakarta'' scale ''Hanumatodi''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''swaras'' (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale ''Shuddha Dhanyasi'' and the ''sampurna raga'' scale ''Hanumatodi''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications This is the common and popular scale and is used for portraying the '' bhakthi rasa''. According to the Muthuswami Dikshitar school, there exists a scale with same name, ''Dhanyasi'', which is derived from '' Natabhairavi melakarta'' scale, instead of ''Hanumatodi'' scale.''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras This scale is less popular and has far less compositions set to it. Structure and Lakshana ''Dhanyasi'' is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain ''rishabham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhairavi (Carnatic)
Bhairavi is a ''janya'' rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). Though it is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam (scale having all 7 notes), it has two different ''dhaivathams'' in its scale making it a Bhashanga Ragam, and hence is not classified as a ''melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale). This is one of the ancient rāgams, said to have been prevalent about 1500 years ago. There are numerous compositions in this rāgam. Though a Raga called Bhairavi also exists in Hindusthani music, it is very different from the Carnatic version. Hindustani's Bhairavi, in terms of its aroha and avaroha alone, corresponds to Carnatic music's Thodi. It is considered a ''janya'' of the 20th ''melakarta Natabhairavi''. Its ' structure is as follows (see ''swaras'' of Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): *: *: The other set of ārohaṇa and avarohaṇa used is: *: *: The notes used are ''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sankarabharanam (raga)
Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, commonly known as ''Śankarābharaṇaṃ'', is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 29th ''Melakarta'' rāga in the 72 ''Melakarta'' rāga system of Carnatic music. Since this raga has many Gamakās (ornamentations), it is glorified as ''"Sarva Gamaka Maaṇika Rakti Rāgaṃ".'' By scale wise, the Śankarābharaṇaṃ scale corresponds to ''Bilaval'' in the Hindustani music system. The Western equivalent is the major scale, or the ''Ionian mode''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras Hence this rāga is one of the most popular scales across the world, known with different names in different musical styles. Its nature is mellifluous and smooth. This rāga offers a large scope for compositions. It is ideal for a melodious, but still laid back majestic presentation. Structure and Lakshana It is the 5th rāga in the 5th ''Chakra Bāṇa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varali
Varali or Varaali (pronounced varāḷi) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is classified either as the 39th mela kartha raga or as a ''janya'' rāgam (derived scale) of the 39th ''melakarta'' scale ''Jhalavarali''. Even though it is a mela kartha, the scale is most often rendered with a ''vakra'' scale (zig-zag notes) in the ascending scale.''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras It is a '' vivadi rāgam''. It is the 4th in the list of 5 ''Ghana'' rāgams ('' Nata (raga)'', '' Gaula'', ''Arabhi'' and '' Shree ragam'' being the others).''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications In olden times, this rāgam was called ''Varati'', and is said to be more than 1300 years old. It is with this name that it is referred in old musical texts like ''Sangita Makarandha'' and ''Sangita Ratnakara''. Structure and Lakshana ''Varali'' is an asymmetric rāgam due to the ''vakra pra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabhi
Arabhi or Aarabhi (pronounced ārabhi) is a ragam (musical scale) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). It is a ''Janya'' raga (derived scale), whose ''Melakarta'' raga (parent scale, also known as ''janaka'') is '' Shankarabharanam'', 29th in the 72 ''Melakarta'' raga system. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale ''Shuddha Saveri'' (or ''Durga'' in Hindustani Music) and the ''sampurna raga'' scale ''Shankarabharanam''. ''Arabhi'' is a raga that dates back to 7 AD. Originally, it was called as ''pazhanthakkam'' in Ancient Tamil music. A very auspicious ragam that emanates Veera rasa (valour), Arabhi is one of the five ''Ghana'' ragams that shine with special brilliance when '' Thanam'' is played on Veena. Structure and Lakshana Its structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see '' swaras in Carnatic music'' for details on below notation and terms): * : * : ''Arabhi'' raga is an ''Owdava-sampoorna'' raga meaning, 5 ''swaras'' occur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gowla
Gaula or GAULA may refer to: Places * Gaula (Madeira), a civil parish in the municipality of Santa Cruz in the island of Madeira in Portugal * Gaula (Trøndelag) The Gaula is a river that flows through the Gauldal valley in Trøndelag county, Norway. The long river is the largest in Central Norway. The river begins in Holtålen municipality near the mountain Kjølifjellet. It then flows through the ..., a river in Trøndelag county in Norway * ''Gaula river valley'' or Gauldalen, a valley in Trøndelag county in Norway * Gaula (Vestland), a river in Vestland county in Norway * Gaula River (India), a river in India originating in the Lesser Himalayas Other * ''Gaula'' (newspaper), a local Norwegian newspaper * Gaula (raga), a musical scale (raga) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music) * Amadigi di Gaula, a "magic" opera in three acts, with music by George Frideric Handel * Grupos de Acción Unificada por la Libertad Personal (Unified Action Groups for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adi Tala
Adi tala (Sanskrit: ''ādi tālà'' {{lang, sa, आदि ताळ, Kannada: ಆದಿ ತಾಳ, literally "primary rhythm" also spelled aadi taalam or adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music. Its full technical name according to the Carnatic Music's tala system is ''Chaturashra-naDe Chaturashra-jaati triputa taLa''. Structure This tala has eight akshara Aksara (also ''akshara'', Devanagari अक्षर, IAST ''akṣara'') is a Sanskrit term translating to "imperishable, indestructible, fixed, immutable" (i.e. from अ, '' a-'' "not" and क्षर्, ''kṣar-'' "melt away, perish"). It h ...s, each being 4 svaras long. Many kritis and around half of the varnams are set to this tala. Carnatic music Carnatic music terminology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nata (raga)
Nata (nāṭa) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music), sometimes spelled Nattai. It is a ''janya'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 36th '' melakarta'' scale '' Chalanata''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''swaras'' (musical notes) in the descending scale. It is a combination of the ''sampurna raga'' scale ''Chalanata'' and the pentatonic scale '' Gambhiranata''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras It is an auspicious raga, which is mostly sung in the early part of the concert. There is a raaga named Nata in Hindusthani music as well, and another raaga named Shuddha Nat. But they are sung rarely, and have no association with the Nattai of Carnatic Music. Structure of Lakshana ''Nata'' is an ASYMMETRIC rāgam that does not contain ''gandharam'' and ''dhaivatam'' in the descending scale. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
