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TrustedInstaller
Windows Resource Protection is a feature first introduced in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. It is available in all subsequent Windows operating systems, and replaces Windows File Protection. Windows Resource Protection prevents the replacement of critical system files, registry keys and folders. Protecting these resources prevents system crashes. The way it protects resources differs entirely from the method used by Windows File Protection. Overview Windows Resource Protection (WRP) works by registering for notification of file changes in Winlogon. If any changes are detected to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in . Windows Resource Protection works by setting discretionary access control lists (DACLs) and access control lists (ACLs) defined for protected resources. Permission for full access to modify WRP-protected resources is restricted to the processes using the ''Windows Modules Installer service'' (TrustedInstalle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
System File Checker
System File Checker (SFC) is a utility in Microsoft Windows that allows users to scan for and restore corrupted Windows system files. Overview Microsoft ships this utility with Windows 98, Windows 2000 and all subsequent versions of the Windows NT family of operating systems. In Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 10, System File Checker is integrated with Windows Resource Protection (WRP), which protects registry keys and folders as well as critical system files. Under Windows Vista, sfc.exe can be used to check specific folder paths, including the Windows folder and the boot folder. Windows File Protection (WFP) works by registering for notification of file changes in Winlogon. If any changes are detected to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in a compressed folder at %WinDir%\System32\dllcache. Windows Resource Protection (WRP) works by setting discretionary access-control lists (DACLs) and access control lists (ACLs) defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Vista
Windows Vista is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was the direct successor to Windows XP, released five years earlier, which was then the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows. It was Software release life cycle#Release to manufacturing (RTM), released to manufacturing on November 8, 2006, and over the following two months, it was released in stages to business customers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and retail channels. On January 30, 2007, it was released internationally and was made available for purchase and download from the Windows Marketplace; it is the first release of Windows to be made available through a digital distribution platform. Development of Windows Vista began in 2001 under the codename "Longhorn"; originally envisioned as a minor successor to Windows XP, it feature creep, gradually included numerous new features from the then-next major release of Windows codenamed "Blackc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2008, codenamed "Longhorn Server" (alternatives: "Windows Vista Server" or "Windows Server Vista"), is the seventh major version of the Windows NT operating system produced by Microsoft to be released under the Windows Server brand name. It was Release to manufacturing, released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and generally to retail on February 27, 2008. Derived from Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 is the successor to Windows Server 2003 R2 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 R2. It removed support for computers without ACPI, and is the first version that includes Hyper-V. It is the last version of Windows Server that supports 32-bit computing, 32-bit processors (IA-32). History Microsoft had released Windows Vista to Criticism of Windows Vista, mixed reception, and their Windows Server 2003, last Windows Server release was based on Windows XP. The operating system's working title was Windows Server Codename "Longhorn", but was later changed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsoft Windows
Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sectors of the computing industry – Windows (unqualified) for a consumer or corporate workstation, Windows Server for a Server (computing), server and Windows IoT for an embedded system. Windows is sold as either a consumer retail product or licensed to Original equipment manufacturer, third-party hardware manufacturers who sell products Software bundles, bundled with Windows. The first version of Windows, Windows 1.0, was released on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). The name "Windows" is a reference to the windowing system in GUIs. The 1990 release of Windows 3.0 catapulted its market success and led to various other product families ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows File Protection
Windows File Protection (WFP), a sub-system included in Microsoft Windows operating systems of the Windows 2000 and Windows XP era, aims to prevent programs from replacing critical Windows system files. Protecting core system files mitigates problems such as DLL hell with programs and the operating system. Windows 2000, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 include WFP under the name of ''Windows File Protection''; Windows Me includes it as System File Protection (SFP). Operation With Windows File Protection active, replacing or deleting a system file that has no file lock to prevent it getting overwritten causes Windows immediately and silently to restore the original copy of the file. The original version of the file is restored from a cached folder which contains backup copies of these files. The Windows NT family uses the cached folder . Windows Me caches its entire set of compressed cabinet setup files and stores them in the folder. WFP covers all files which the operating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Registry
The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores low-level settings for the Microsoft Windows operating system and for applications that opt to use the registry. The kernel, device drivers, services, Security Accounts Manager, and user interfaces can all use the registry. The registry also allows access to counters for profiling system performance. In other words, the registry or Windows Registry contains information, settings, options, and other values for programs and hardware installed on all versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems. For example, when a program is installed, a new subkey containing settings such as a program's location, its version, and how to start the program, are all added to the Windows Registry. When introduced with Windows 3.1, the Windows Registry primarily stored configuration information for COM-based components. Windows 95 and Windows NT extended its use to rationalize and centralize the information in the profusion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resource (Windows)
In Microsoft Windows, a resource is an identifiable, read-only chunk of data embedded in an executable file—specifically a PE file. Files that contain resources include: EXE, DLL, CPL, SCR, SYS and MUI files. The Windows API provides a computer program access to resources. Types Each resource has a type and a name, both being either numeric identifiers or strings. Windows has a set of predefined resource types: * Cursor and animated cursor * Icon * Bitmap * Dialog box template * Font * HTML document * String and message template * Version data * Manifest data * arbitrary (binary) data The programmer can also define custom data types. Usage The icon that Windows displays for an executable program file is the first icon resource in the file. If the file has no icon resources, a standard icon is displayed. File Explorer displays aspects of file's version resource in the ''Version'' tab of a file's properties. To support internationalization and localization a resource ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winlogon
Winlogon (Windows Logon) is the component of Microsoft Windows operating systems that is responsible for handling the secure attention sequence, loading the user profile on logon, creates the desktops for the window station, and optionally locking the computer when a screensaver is running (requiring another authentication step). The roles and responsibilities of Winlogon have changed significantly in Windows Vista and later operating systems. Overview Winlogon is launched by the Session Manager Subsystem as a part of the booting process of Windows NT. Before Windows Vista, Winlogon was responsible for starting the Service Control Manager and the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service, but since Vista these have been launched by the Windows Startup Application (wininit.exe). The first part of the logon process Winlogon conducts is starting the process that shows the user the logon screen. Before Windows Vista this was done by GINA, but starting with Vista this is do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Access Control List
In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation. For instance, * If a file object has an ACL that contains, this would give Alice permission to read and write the file and give Bob permission only to read it. * If the Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) profile CONSOLE CLASS(TSOAUTH) has an ACL that contains, this would give ALICE permission to use the TSO CONSOLE command. Implementations Many kinds of operating systems implement ACLs or have a historical implementation; the first implementation of ACLs was in the filesystem of Multics in 1965. Filesystem ACLs A filesystem ACL is a data structure (usually a table) containing entries that specify individual user or group rights to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Service Pack
In computing, a service pack comprises a collection of updates, fixes, or enhancements to a software program delivered in the form of a single installable package. Companies often release a service pack when the number of individual patches to a given program reaches a certain (arbitrary) limit, or the software release has shown to be stabilized with a limited number of remaining issues based on users' feedback and bug reports. In large software applications such as office suites, operating systems, database software, or network management, it is not uncommon to have a service pack issued within the first year or two of a product's release. Installing a service pack is easier and less error-prone than installing many individual patches, even more so when updating multiple computers over a network, where service packs are common. Service packs are usually numbered, and thus shortly referred to as SP1, SP2, SP3 etc. They may also bring, besides bug fixes, entirely new features, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Access Control List
In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation. For instance, * If a file object has an ACL that contains, this would give Alice permission to read and write the file and give Bob permission only to read it. * If the Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) profile CONSOLE CLASS(TSOAUTH) has an ACL that contains, this would give ALICE permission to use the TSO CONSOLE command. Implementations Many kinds of operating systems implement ACLs or have a historical implementation; the first implementation of ACLs was in the filesystem of Multics in 1965. Filesystem ACLs A filesystem ACL is a data structure (usually a table) containing entries that specify individual user or group rights to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Security Identifier
Security Identifier (SID) is a unique, Immutable object, immutable identifier of a user account, user group, or other security principal in the Windows NT family of operating systems. A security principal has a single SID for life (in a given Windows domain), and all properties of the principal, including its name, are associated with the SID. This design allows a principal to be renamed (for example, from "Jane Smith" to "Jane Jones") without affecting the security attributes of objects that refer to the principal. Overview Windows grants privileges and access to resources based on access control lists (ACLs). Each entry on the list defines one SID and a set of permissions for that SID. When a user logs into a PC, Windows generates an access token that contains the user SID, the group SIDs to which the user account belongs, and the user privilege level. When a user requests access to a resource, its ACL is checked against the user's access token to permit or deny particular action ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
