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Torgut Oirat
Torgut (, ), also spelled Torghud, is a dialect of the Oirat language spoken in Xinjiang, in western Mongolia and in eastern Kalmykia (where it was the basis for Kalmyk, the literary standard language of that region). Thus, it has more speakers than any other variety of Oirat. It is better researched than any other Oirat variety spoken in China. Distribution The Torgut dialect is spoken in Russia in Eastern Kalmykia, in Bulgan sum in Khovd Province in Mongolia and in the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang, mainly in three separate areas in its north-western part. Sečenbaγatur et al. give an exhaustive list of the areas of Xinjiang where Oirat (in many cases Torgut) is spoken that also includes some places in north-eastern Xinjiang: the autonomous prefectures of Bayangol and Bortala, the counties Hoboksar and Dörbiljin and the city of Wusu in Tacheng Prefecture, the counties Küriye, Tekes and Nilka in the Ili Prefecture, the prefectures Altay, Hamil and Changj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after India, representing 17.4% of the world population. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and Borders of China, borders fourteen countries by land across an area of nearly , making it the list of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest country by land area. The country is divided into 33 Province-level divisions of China, province-level divisions: 22 provinces of China, provinces, 5 autonomous regions of China, autonomous regions, 4 direct-administered municipalities of China, municipalities, and 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. Beijing is the country's capital, while Shanghai is List of cities in China by population, its most populous city by urban area and largest financial center. Considered one of six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County
Hoboksar ( zh, s=和布克赛尔蒙古自治县, p=Hébùkèsài'ěr Měnggǔ Zìzhìxiàn), sometimes referred with the historic name Hefeng County ( zh, s=和丰县, p=Héfēng Xiàn, labels=no), is an autonomous county for Mongol people in the middle north of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Western China, it is under the administration of Tacheng Prefecture. The county has an area of with a population of 62,100 (as of 2010 Census). It has eight towns and townships and seven farms, ''Hoboksar Town'' is its county seat. Name The name of ''Hoboksar'' () was individually referred to as "Hobok" () and "Sar" () from the Mongolian language. Hobok is ''Hobok River'', it means "sika deer", the river was named after its river basin within huge amount of sika deer in the past. Sar is the Salair Mountains and it means horseback, the mountain was named after its shape like a horseback. History At the latest starting from the Qin dynasty, the Saka people appeared in the place of prese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vowel
A vowel is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract, forming the nucleus of a syllable. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, in loudness and also in Vowel length, quantity (length). They are usually voice (phonetics), voiced and are closely involved in Prosody (linguistics), prosodic variation such as tone (linguistics), tone, intonation (linguistics), intonation and Stress (linguistics), stress. The word ''vowel'' comes from the Latin word , meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). In English, the word ''vowel'' is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them (, , , , , and sometimes and ). Definition There are two complementary definitions of vowel, one Phonetics, phonetic and the other Phonology, phonological. *In the phonetic definition, a vowel is a sound, such as the English language, English "ah" or "oh" , produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oirats
Oirats (; ) or Oirds ( ; ), formerly known as Eluts and Eleuths ( or ; zh, 厄魯特, ''Èlǔtè'') are the westernmost group of Mongols, whose ancestral home is in the Altai Mountains, Altai region of Siberia, Xinjiang and western Mongolia. The first documented reference to Elut and Yelut was in the Ongin inscription, Onginsk "rune" inscriptions dated in the sixth century. Historically, the Oirats were composed of four major tribes: Dzungar people, Dzungar (Choros (Oirats), Choros or Olot people, Olots), Torghut, Dörbet Oirat, Dörbet and Khoshut. The political elite of the Rouran Khaganate were Yelü, YELÜ-T Mongolic speakers. Although these two empires encompassed multilingual populations, the language of diplomacy, trade, and culture was an ÖLÜ (YELÜ) dialect of ancient Mongolic descent. When the Tabgach destroyed the Rouran Empire, the Mongolic-speaking people escaped into the Caspian steppes. The modern Kalmyks of Kalmykia on the Caspian Sea in southeastern Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torghut
The Torghut ( Mongolian: Торгууд, , Torguud, "Guardsman", ) are one of the four major subgroups of the Four Oirats. The Torghut nobles traced their descent to the Mongol Keraite ruler Toghrul, and many Torghuts descended from the Keraites. History They might have been kheshigs of the Great Khans before Kublai Khan. The Torghut clan first appeared as an Oirat group in the mid-16th century. After the collapse of the Four Oirat Alliance, the majority of the Torghuts under Kho Orluk separated from other Oirat groups and moved west to the Volga region in 1630, forming the core of the Kalmyks. A few Torghut nobles followed Toro Baikhu Gushi Khan to Qinghai Lake (Koke Nuur), becoming part of the so-called Upper Mongols. In 1698, 500 Torghuts went on pilgrimage to Tibet but were unable to return. Hence, they were resettled in Ejin River by the Kangxi Emperor of China's Qing dynasty. In 1699 15,000 Torghut households returned from the Volga region to Dzungaria where they join ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ürümqi
Ürümqi, , is the capital of the Xinjiang, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, also the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, right after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a List of transport topics#Nodes, regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center. Etymology The name Ürümqi comes from the Mongolic languages, Mongolic Oirat language and means "beautiful pasture" (, ). It was originally the name of a small town founded by the Mongolic peoples, Mongolic, Oirat-speaking Dzungar people, Dzungars. The Qing dynasty took Ürümqi by force in 1755, during Dzungar–Qing Wars, its conquest of the Dzungar Khanate. Qing forces expanded the town into a walled city from 1763 to 1767, and upon completing the expan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture
Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture ( zh, s=昌吉回族自治州; ) is an autonomous prefecture for Hui people in the middle north of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Western China. The prefecture has an area of and its seat is Changji City. Subdivisions Changji directly controls 2 county-level cities, 4 counties and 1 autonomous county. * Defunct: Miquan (county-level city) Demographics According to the 2010 census, Changji had a population of 1,428,587 inhabitants, with a population density of 19.4 inhabitants per km2. Its population in the 2000 census was 1,503,097. Part of the change in population is due to boundary changes, for example, the formerly county-level city Miquan was merged into Midong District and became part of Ürümqi in 2007. The population in 2000 minus Miquan was 1,322,145. Sister cities * Barnaul, Altai Krai Altai Krai (, ) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan ( East Kazakhstan Region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hami Prefecture
Hami ( zh, c=哈密) or Kumul () is a prefecture-level city in eastern Xinjiang, China. It is well known for sweet Hami melons. In early 2016, the former Hami county-level city merged with Hami Prefecture to form the Hami prefecture-level city with the county-level city becoming Yizhou District. Since the Han dynasty, Hami has been known for its production of agricultural products and raw resources. History Origins and names Cumuḍa (sometimes ''Cimuda'' or ''Cunuda'') is the oldest known endonym of Hami, when it was founded by a people known in Han Chinese sources as the '' Xiao Yuezhi'' ("Lesser Yuezhi"), during the 1st millennium BCE. The oldest attested Chinese name is "" ( zh, labels=no, p=Kūnmò). By the time of the Han dynasty, it was referred to in Chinese as "" ( zh, labels=no, p=Yīwú) or "" ( zh, labels=no, p=Yīwúlú). Under the Tang dynasty, it was also known as , . The name I-gou, I-gu, Igu, &c. sometimes encountered in European discussion of Hami was a mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altay Prefecture
Altay Prefecture is located in Northern Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. It has an area of and a population of 561,667 (2000). It is a part of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. As of the 2000 census, Altay was the only major subdivision of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture with an ethnic Kazakhs, Kazakh majority (about 51%). In 2007, it had a GDP of Renminbi, RMB 9.9 billion with a 12% growth rate. It also shares an international border with the neighboring Altai Republic, located within Russia. Altay is considered the birthplace of skiing, based on 10,000 to 30,000 year old cave paintings depicting skiers. Geography Both the Irtysh, Irtysh River and the Ulungur River run through the prefecture. The Kanas Lake, Kanas Lake and Ulungur Lake reside in the north. The Altay Prefecture has an average elevation of 1,408 meters; with a minimum elevation of 246 meters and a maximum of 4, 178 meters. Subdivisions The prefecture is divided into one county-level city and six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in northern Xinjiang, China. Its capital is Yining, also known as Ghulja or Kulja. Covering an area of 268,591 square kilometres (16.18 per cent of Xinjiang), Ili Prefecture shares a -long border with Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Russia. There are nine Port of entry, ports of entry in Ili Prefecture at the national level, notably Khorgas. Directly administered regions () within the prefecture cover 56,622 square kilometres (21.08 per cent of Ili's total area) and have a population of 4,930,600 (63.95 per cent of Ili's registered population). Kazakhs in China, Kazakhs are the second largest ethnicity in the prefecture after the Han Chinese, and make up a little over a quarter of the population. Ili is the only Prefecture-level divisions of China, prefecture-level division that has other prefecture-level divisions (Altay Prefecture, Altay and Tacheng Prefecture, Tacheng Prefectures) under its administration. The term "Sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilka County
Nilka( zh, p=Nílèkè) County is a county situated in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of . According to the 2002 census, it has a population of . Demographics Administrative division Nilka County is divided into 5 towns A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ..., 5 townships, and 1 ethnic township. Climate Notes References County-level divisions of Xinjiang Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Long stubs with short prose {{Xinjiang-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tekes County
Tekes County is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 8,067 km2. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 150,000. The county center is known for being a planned community with a shape of a ba gua. Administrative divisions Tekes County is divided into 5 towns, 1 township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ..., and 2 ethnic townships. * Others: ** Tekes County Horse Herding Pasture () ** Koksu Tree Farm () ** 78th Regiment of the XPCC () (78-تۇەن مەيدانى) (78-تۋان الاڭىنداعى) Climate Demographics Notes References County-level divisions of Xinjiang Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture National Famous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
