Toby Run
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Toby Run
Toby Run is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Montour County, Pennsylvania. It is approximately long and is entirely in Mahoning Township. The stream's watershed has an area of . There are ravines known as the Toby Run Ravines in the vicinity of the stream. They are designated as a "Locally Significant" site in the Montour County Natural Areas Inventory. Additionally, the Danville State Hospital is located in the area of the stream. Course Toby Run begins in hills in southern Mahoning Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania, Mahoning Township. It flows southwest and then west or northwest for a short distance before making a sharp turn southwest. The stream then passes by a reservoir and a state hospital and leaves the hills that it started in. Shortly after this, it reaches its confluence with the Susquehanna River near the southern edge of Mahoning Township. Toby Run joins the Susquehanna River upstream of its mouth. Geography and geology Toby Run flows through a grou ...
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Susquehanna River
The Susquehanna River ( ; Unami language, Lenape: ) is a major river located in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, crossing three lower Northeastern United States, Northeast states (New York, Pennsylvania and Maryland). At long, it is the longest river on the East Coast of the United States. By Drainage basin, watershed area, it is the 16th-largest river in the United States,Susquehanna River Trail
Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, accessed March 25, 2010.
Susquehanna River
, Green Works Radio, accessed March 25, 2010.
and also the longest river in the early 21st-century continental United State ...
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Tulip Poplar
''Liriodendron tulipifera''—known as the tulip tree, American tulip tree, tulipwood, tuliptree, tulip poplar, whitewood, fiddletree, lynn-tree, hickory-poplar, and yellow-poplar—is the North American representative of the two-species genus ''Liriodendron'' (the other member is ''Liriodendron chinense''). It is native to eastern North America from Southern Ontario and possibly southern Quebec to west to Illinois, and east to southwestern Massachusetts, then south to central Florida and Louisiana. The tulip tree is the tallest tree of the temperate deciduous forest. It can grow to more than in virgin cove forests of the Appalachian Mountains, often with no limbs until it reaches in height, making it a very valuable timber tree. This species is also fast-growing, without the common problems of weak wood strength and short lifespan often seen in fast-growing species. In 2024 the unusual combination of fast-growing with strong wood was explained. No longer called a hardwoo ...
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Cornus Amomum
''Cornus amomum'', the silky dogwood, is a species of dogwood native to the southern Ontario and eastern United States, from Michigan and Vermont south to Alabama and Florida. Other names include red willow, silky cornel, kinnikinnick, and squawbush. Description ''Cornus amomum'' is a deciduous shrub growing to tall. The Leaf, leaves are opposite, up to long and broad, oval with an acute apex. The flowers are produced in Cyme (botany), cymes. The fruit is a small blue drupe. ''Cornus amomum'' usually blooms between May and June, producing four-petalled showy yellowish white flowers. ''Cornus amomum'' leaves are medium green and pubescent, occurring opposite from one another and usually having between 4 and 5 veins per leaf side. Twigs are rusty brown. If ''Cornus amomum'' is left unattended it will grow to create thickets and thick vegetative areas. Taxonomy Silky dogwood is usually included in the dogwood genus ''Cornus'' as ''Cornus amomum'' Mill., although it is sometime ...
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Alternate-leaved Dogwood
''Cornus alternifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae, native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to southern Manitoba and Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Mississippi. It is rare in the southern United States. It is commonly known as green osier, alternate-leaved dogwood, and pagoda dogwood. Description It is a small deciduous shrub or tree growing to (rarely ) tall and to wide, with a trunk up to in diameter. The branches manifest in horizontal layers separated by gaps, with a flat-topped crown, said to resemble a pagoda. The alternate-leaf dogwood is a shrub or small tree that has horizontal branches that form tiers. The branches are parallel to the ground creating a layered tiered look with upturned branches like a pagoda. This plant may grow from 15 to 25 feet tall and 20 to 32 feet wide. Its leaves are elliptic to ovate and grow to long and broad, arranged alternately on the stems, not in opposite pairs typi ...
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Shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple Plant stem, stems and shorter height, less than tall. Small shrubs, less than tall are sometimes termed as subshrubs. Many botany, botanical groups have species that are shrubs, and others that are trees and herbaceous plants instead. Some define a shrub as less than and a tree as over 6 m. Others use as the cutoff point for classification. Many trees do not reach this mature height because of hostile, less than ideal growing conditions, and resemble shrub-sized plants. Others in such species have the potential to grow taller in ideal conditions. For longevity, most shrubs are classified between Perennial plant, perennials and trees. Some only last about five years in good conditions. Others, usually larger and more woody, live beyond ...
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Tree-of-heaven
''Ailanthus altissima'' ( ), commonly known as tree of heaven or ailanthus tree, is a deciduous tree in the quassia family. It is native to northeast and central China, and Taiwan. Unlike other members of the genus ''Ailanthus'', it is found in temperate climates rather than the tropics. The tree grows rapidly, and is capable of reaching heights of in 25 years. While the species rarely lives more than 50 years, some specimens exceed 100 years of age. It is considered a noxious weed and vigorous invasive species, and one of the worst invasive plant species in Europe and North America. In 21st-century North America, the invasiveness of the species has been compounded by its role in the life cycle of the also destructive and invasive spotted lanternfly. Description ''Ailanthus altissima'' is a medium-sized tree that reaches heights between with a diameter at breast height of about . The bark is smooth and light grey, often becoming somewhat rougher with light tan ...
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Autumn Olive
''Elaeagnus umbellata'' is known as Japanese silverberry, umbellata oleaster, autumn olive, autumn elaeagnus, spreading oleaster, autumnberry, or autumn berry. The species is indigenous to eastern Asia and ranges from the Himalayas eastwards to Japan. It is a hardy, aggressive invasive species able to readily colonize barren land, becoming a troublesome plant in the central and northeastern United States and Europe. Description ''Elaeagnus umbellata'' grows as a deciduous shrub or small tree, typically up to tall, with a dense crown.Parmar, C. and M.K. Kaushal. 1982. ''Elaeagnus umbellata''. p. 23–25. In: ''Wild Fruits''. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, IndiaNewCROP, New Crop Resource Online Program, Purdue University/ref> It commonly bears sharp thorns in the form of spur branches. Flowers are fragrant, occur in clusters of white to yellow, are 8–9 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter, and have four lobes. The leaves are alternate, 4–10 cm long and 2–4  ...
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Garlic Mustard
''Alliaria petiolata'', or garlic mustard, is a biennial flowering plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). It is native to Europe, western and central Asia, north-western Africa, Morocco, Iberia and the British Isles, north to northern Scandinavia, and east to northern Pakistan and Xinjiang in western China. It has now become a tenacious invasive plant across the northern U.S., in particular because of its earlier springtime emergence than many native species, often in the forest understory. In the first year of growth, plants form clumps of round, slightly wrinkled leaves, that when crushed smell like garlic. The plants flower in spring of the next year, producing cross-shaped white flowers in dense clusters. As the flowering stems bloom they elongate into a spike-like shape. When flowering is complete, plants produce upright fruits that release seeds in mid-summer. Plants are often found growing along the margins of hedges, giving rise to the old British folk name of ja ...
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Multiflora Rose
''Rosa multiflora'' ( syn. ''Rosa polyantha'') is a species of rose known commonly as multiflora rose, baby rose, Japanese rose, many-flowered rose, seven-sisters rose, Eijitsu rose and rambler rose. It is native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan, and Korea. It should not be confused with ''Rosa rugosa'', which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of ''R. multiflora''. It was introduced to North America, where it is regarded as an invasive species. Description It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of , with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent). The leaves are long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The flowers are produced in large corymbs, each flower small, diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The hips are reddish to purple, diameter. ''Plants of the World Online'' and ''Flora of China'' include the varieties: # ''Rosa multiflora'' v ...
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Norway Maple
''Acer platanoides'', commonly known as the Norway maple, is a species of maple native to eastern and central Europe and western Asia, from Spain east to Russia, north to southern Scandinavia and southeast to northern Iran. It was introduced to North America in the mid-1700s as a shade tree. It is a member of the family Sapindaceae. Description ''Acer platanoides'' is a deciduous tree, growing to tall with a trunk up to in diameter, and a broad, rounded crown. The bark is grey-brown and shallowly grooved. Unlike many other maples, mature trees do not tend to develop a shaggy bark. The shoots are green at first, soon becoming pale brown. The winter buds are shiny red-brown. The leaves are opposite, palmately lobed with five lobes, long and across; the lobes each bear one to three side teeth, and an otherwise smooth margin. The leaf petiole is long, and secretes a milky juice when broken. The autumn colour is usually yellow, occasionally orange-red. The flowers are in c ...
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Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from Flowering plant, angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal ecosystem, boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees). Characteristics Hardwoods are produced by Flowering plant, angiosperm trees that reproduce by flowers, and have broad leaves. Many species are deciduous. Those of temperate regions lose their leaves every autumn as temperatures fall and are dormant in the winter, but those of tropical regions may shed their leaves in response to seasonal or sporadic periods of drought. Hardwood from deciduous species, such as oak, normally shows annual dendrochronology, growth rings, but these may be absent in some tropical timber, tropical hardwoods. Hardwoods have a more complex structure than softwoods and are often much slower growing ...
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Tsuga Canadensis
''Tsuga canadensis'', also known as eastern hemlock, eastern hemlock-spruce, or Canadian hemlock, and in the French-speaking regions of Canada as ''pruche du Canada'', is a Pinophyta, coniferous tree native plant, native to eastern North America. It is the List of U.S. state trees, state tree of Pennsylvania. Eastern hemlocks are widespread throughout much of the Great Lakes region, the Appalachian Mountains, the Northeastern United States, and Maritime Canada. They have been introduced in the United Kingdom and mainland Europe, where they are used as ornamental trees. Eastern hemlock populations in North America are threatened in much of their range by the spread of the invasive Hemlock woolly adelgid, which infests and eventually kills trees. Declines in population from hemlock wooly adelgid infestation have led to ''Tsuga canadensis'' being listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Eastern hemlocks are long lived trees, with many examples living for more than 500 years. ...
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