|
The Simple Plant Isoquinolines
''The Simple Plant Isoquinolines'' is a 2002 book written by Alexander Shulgin and Wendy Perry about isoquinoline and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, for instance the various cyclized phenethylamine mescaline analogues found in many cactus species. It was published by Transform Press. See also * '' The Shulgin Index, Volume One: Psychedelic Phenethylamines and Related Compounds'' * ''PiHKAL'' and ''TiHKAL'' * Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline A substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline is a tetrahydroisoquinoline with one or more chemical substituents. Many simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids related to mescaline are known and occur naturally in cactus species such as peyote (''Lophophor ... * Peyote § Constituents * ''Pachycereus pringlei'' § Constituents and biological effects * Keeper Trout References 2002 non-fiction books Alexander Shulgin Psychedelic drug research Psychedelic literature Science books {{Book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Simple Plant Isoquinolines Cover
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cactus
A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek word (''káktos''), a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is now not certain. Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes. They are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north, with the exception of ''Rhipsalis baccifera'', which is also found in Africa and Sri Lanka. Cacti are adapted to live in very dry environments, including the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on Earth. Because of this, cacti show many adaptations to conserve water. For example, almost all cacti are succulents, meaning they have thickened, fleshy parts adapted to store water. Unlike many other succulents, the stem is the only part of most cacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Drug Research
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic hallucinogens or serotonergic hallucinogens, the term ''psychedelic'' is sometimes used more broadly to include various other types of hallucinogens as well, such as those which are atypical or adjacent to psychedelia like salvia and MDMA, respectively. Classic psychedelics generally cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and oftentimes a substantially altered state of consciousness. They have had the largest influence on science and culture, and include mescaline, LSD, psilocybin, and DMT. There are a large number of both naturally occurring and synthetic serotonergic psychedelics. Most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three families of chemical compounds: tryptamines, phenethylamines, or lysergamides. They produce the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keeper Trout
Keeper Trout (born October 1957), also known as Keeper of the Trout, is an American independent scholar in the area of psychedelics and psychedelic plants, especially cacti. He is variously described as an author, photographer, ethnobotanist, archivist, and conservationist. Trout first became interested in the psychedelic experience in 1972 when he was 14years old. He studied chemistry and microbiology at university in Texas. Trout worked as a lapidarist but eventually was unable to continue doing this work due having come down with encephalitis which had led to unilateral blindness and loss of his depth perception. In 1991, he pivoted direction and started working more publicly in the area of psychedelics. In 1993, he met Alexander and Ann Shulgin and others at a psychedelic conference and they encouraged him to start writing. He has since written numerous books and other publications on psychedelic plants and alkaloids, including his notable ''Trout's Notes'' series. His books ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachycereus Pringlei
''Pachycereus pringlei'' (also known as Mexican giant cardon or elephant cactus) is a species of large cactus native to northwestern Mexico, in the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora. It is commonly known as ''cardón'', a name derived from the Spanish word ''cardo'', meaning "thistle"; additionally, it is often referred to as sabueso (or “bloodhound”), which is possibly an early Spanish interpretation of the native Seri term for the plant, xaasj. Large stands of this cactus still exist, but many have been destroyed as land has been cleared for cultivation in Sonora. Climate change will likely impact the future distribution of numerous plant species, including ''Pachycereus pringlei,'' which can be attributed to alterations in precipitation and temperature. The cactus fruits were always an important food for the Seri people, in Sonora; the dried cactus columns themselves could be used for construction purposes, as well as for firewood.* A symbiotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peyote
The peyote (; ''Lophophora williamsii'' ) is a small, spineless cactus which contains psychoactive alkaloids, particularly mescaline. is a Spanish word derived from the Nahuatl (), meaning "caterpillar cocoon", from a root , "to glisten". p. 246. See peyotl in Wiktionary. It is native to southern North America, primarily found in desert scrub and limestone-rich areas of northern Mexico and south Texas, particularly in the Chihuahuan Desert at elevations of 100–1500 meters. It flowers from March to May, and sometimes as late as September. Its flowers are pink or white, with thigmotactic anthers (like ''Opuntia''). It is a small, spineless cactus that grows in clusters, produces edible fruits, and contains psychoactive alkaloids—primarily mescaline—at concentrations of about 0.4% when fresh and up to 6% when dried. Peyote is a slow-growing cactus that can be cultivated more rapidly through techniques such as grafting, and while wild populations in regions like south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinoline
A substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline is a tetrahydroisoquinoline with one or more chemical substituents. Many simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids related to mescaline are known and occur naturally in cactus species such as peyote (''Lophophora williamsii'') and ''Pachycereus pringlei'' among many others. Simple tetrahydroisoquinolines may be thought of as cyclized phenethylamines. As an example, anhalinine may be thought of as a cyclic compound, cyclized structural analog, analogue of mescaline. The simple tetrahydroisoquinolines are analogous in concept to the substituted β-carboline, β-carbolines and harmala alkaloids, which can be considered cyclized analogues of substituted tryptamine, tryptamines. Some of the simple tetrahydroisoquinolines, for instance pellotine, are known to be pharmacology, pharmacologically active, although none are known to have hallucinogenic activity. Known activities of simple tetrahydroisoquinolines include sedative and hypnotic effects, monoam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TiHKAL
''TiHKAL: The Continuation'' is a 1997 book written by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin about a family of psychoactive drugs known as tryptamines. A sequel to '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'', ''TiHKAL'' is an acronym that stands for "Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved". Content ''TIHKAL'', much like its predecessor ''PIHKAL'', is divided into two parts. The first part, for which all rights are reserved, begins with a fictionalized autobiography, picking up where the similar section of ''PIHKAL'' left off; it then continues with a collection of essays on topics ranging from psychotherapy and the Jungian mind to the prevalence of DMT in nature, ayahuasca and the War on Drugs. The second part of ''TIHKAL'', which may be conditionally distributed for non-commercial reproduction , is a detailed synthesis manual for 55 psychedelic compounds (many discovered by Alexander Shulgin himself), including their chemical structures, dosage recommendations, and qualitative comments. Shul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PiHKAL
''PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is Psychoactive drug, psychoactive phenethylamine Derivative (chemistry), chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelic drug, psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens. The main title, PiHKAL, is an acronym that stands for "Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved". The book is arranged into two parts, the first part being a fictionalized autobiography of the couple and the second part describing 179 different psychedelic compounds (most of which Shulgin discovered himself), including detailed synthesis instructions, bioassays, dosages, and other commentary. The second part was made freely available by Shulgin on Erowid while the first part is available only in the printed text. While the reactions described are beyond the ability of people with a basic chemistry education, some tend to emphasize techniques that do not require difficult-to-ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Phenethylamines And Related Compounds
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic hallucinogens or serotonergic hallucinogens, the term ''psychedelic'' is sometimes used more broadly to include various other types of hallucinogens as well, such as those which are atypical or adjacent to psychedelia like salvia and MDMA, respectively. Classic psychedelics generally cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and oftentimes a substantially altered state of consciousness. They have had the largest influence on science and culture, and include mescaline, LSD, psilocybin, and DMT. There are a large number of both naturally occurring and synthetic serotonergic psychedelics. Most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three families of chemical compounds: tryptamines, phenethylamines, or lysergamides. They produce the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
