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Temnothorax Texanus
''Temnothorax'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It contains more than 380 species. Biology The workers of ''Temnothorax'' species are generally small (mesosoma length 0.715 mm). Colonies are typically monogynous, although facultative polygyny has been documented in several species. Colony populations are usually quite small, often with less than 100 workers. However, several studies have found colonies of some species to be widely dispersed with several to many satellite nests. Many species are arboreal, living within hollow stems, old beetle or termite galleries, or in galls. ''Temnothorax'' species appear to be trophic generalists, feeding on a wide variety of scavenged items, including the elaiosomes of seeds. None have been documented to be active or aggressive predators. Phylogenetics Recent molecular phylogenetic studies show that the genera ''Chalepoxenus'', ''Myrmoxenus'' and ''Protomognathus'' are nested within ''Temnothorax'', and that the latter is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Mayr
Gustav L. Mayr (12 October 1830 – 14 July 1908) was an Austrian Entomology, entomologist and professor in Budapest and Vienna. He specialised in Hymenoptera, being particularly known for his studies of ants.1908. Obituary. Prof. Gustav Mayr. Entomological News 19:396 Bibliography In 1868, he was the first to describe the Argentine ant. He is credited with naming the harvesting ant species, ''Aphaenogaster treatae'', for naturalist Mary Treat, Mary Davis Treat, in honor of her research on the species. edite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalist And Specialist Species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet). A specialist species can thrive only in a narrow range of environmental conditions or has a limited diet. Most organisms do not all fit neatly into either group, however. Some species are highly specialized (the most extreme case being monophagous, eating one specific type of food), others less so, and some can tolerate many different environments. In other words, there is a continuum from highly specialized to broadly generalist species. Description Omnivores are usually generalists. Herbivores are often specialists, but those that eat a variety of plants may be considered generalists. A well-known example of a specialist animal is the monophagous koala, which subsists almost entirely on eucalyptus leaves. The raccoon is a generalist, because it has a natural range that includes most of Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nest
A nest is a structure built for certain animals to hold Egg (biology), eggs or young. Although nests are most closely associated with birds, members of all classes of vertebrates and some invertebrates construct nests. They may be composed of organic material such as twigs, grass, and leaves, or may be a simple depression in the ground, or a hole in a rock, tree, or building. Human-made materials, such as string, plastic, cloth, or paper, may also be used. Nests can be found in all types of habitat. Nest building is driven by a biological urge known as the nesting instinct in birds and mammals. Generally each species has a distinctive style of nest. Nest complexity is roughly correlated with the level of parental care by adults. Nest building is considered a key adaptive advantage among birds, and they exhibit the most variation in their nests ranging from simple holes in the ground to elaborate communal nests hosting hundreds of individuals. Nests of prairie dogs and severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents. There are two forms of reproduction: Asexual reproduction, asexual and Sexual reproduction, sexual. In asexual reproduction, an organism can reproduce without the involvement of another organism. Asexual reproduction is not limited to unicellular organism, single-celled organisms. The cloning of an organism is a form of asexual reproduction. By asexual reproduction, an organism creates a genetically similar or identical copy of itself. The evolution of sexual reproduction is a major puzzle for biologists. The two-fold cost of sexual reproduction is that only 50% of organisms reproduce and organisms only pass on 50% of their genes.John Maynard Smith ''The Evolution of Sex'' 1978. Sexual reproduction typically requires the sexual interaction of two specialized reproductive cells, called gametes, which contain half t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Ant
A queen ant (also known as a gyne) is an adult, reproducing female ant in an ant colony; she is usually the mother of all the other ants in that colony. Some female ants, such as the '' Cataglyphis'', do not need to mate to produce offspring, reproducing through asexual parthenogenesis or cloning, and all of those offspring will be female. Others, like those in the genus ''Crematogaster'', mate in a nuptial flight. Queen offspring ants among most species develop from larvae specially fed in order to become sexually mature. Depending on the species, there can be either a single mother queen, or potentially hundreds of fertile queens. Not every colony of ants has a queen. Some colonies have multiple queens. Queen ants are the only members of a colony to lay eggs. After mating, they can produce thousands, sometimes millions, of eggs during their lifetime. A queen of '' Lasius niger'' was held in captivity by German entomologist Hermann Appel for 28 years; also a ''Pogonomyrmex ow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanently move to a country). A migrant ''emigrates'' from their old country, and ''immigrates'' to their new country. Thus, both emigration and immigration describe International migration, migration, but from different countries' perspectives. Demographers examine push and pull factors for people to be pushed out of one place and attracted to another. There can be a desire to escape negative circumstances such as shortages of land or jobs, or unfair treatment. People can be pulled to the opportunities available elsewhere. Fleeing from oppressive conditions, being a refugee and Asylum seeker, seeking asylum to get Refugee#Refugee status, refugee status in a foreign country, may lead to permanent emigration. Forced displacement refers to group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trail Pheromone
Trail pheromones are semiochemicals secreted from the body of an individual to affect the behavior of another individual receiving it. Trail pheromones often serve as a multi purpose chemical secretion that leads members of its own species towards a food source, while representing a territorial mark in the form of an allomone to organisms outside of their species. Specifically, trail pheromones are often incorporated with secretions of more than one exocrine gland to produce a higher degree of specificity. Considered one of the primary chemical signaling methods in which many social insects depend on, trail pheromone deposition can be considered one of the main facets to explain the success of social insect communication today. Many species of ants, including those in the genus ''Crematogaster'' use trail pheromones. Background In 1962, Harvard professor Edward O. Wilson published one of the first concrete studies constructing the groundwork for the notion of trail pheromones. Cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formicarium
A formicarium (: formicaria or formicariums) or ant farm is a vivarium which is designed primarily for the study of ant colonies and how ants behave and for the enjoyment of ants as pets. Those who study ant behavior are known as myrmecologists. History The formicarium was invented by Charles Janet, a French entomologist and polymath, who had the idea of reducing the three dimensions of an ant nest to the virtual two dimensions between two panes of glass. His design was exhibited in the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris. Janet's invention was recognized by his promotion to Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion of Honour, but he did not obtain a patent for, nor attempt to market his creation. The first commercially sold formicarium was introduced around 1929 by Frank Eugene Austin (1873–1964), an inventor and professor at the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College. Austin received a patent for his formicarium on June 16, 1931, as well as further patents for its conti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson characterised parasites' way of feeding as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the broomrapes. There are six major parasitic strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation. One major axis of classification concerns invasiveness: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harpagoxenus
''Harpagoxenus'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Found in the Palaearctic and Nearctic ecozones of the world, ''Harpagoxenus'' was first established as ''Tomognathus'' by Mayr (1861) to house the species ''Myrmica sublaevis'' (now '' Harpagoxenus sublaevis''). However, the name had already been used (homonym In linguistics, homonyms are words which are either; '' homographs''—words that mean different things, but have the same spelling (regardless of pronunciation), or '' homophones''—words that mean different things, but have the same pronunciat ...) for a genus of fish, and was replaced with its current name by Forel (1893). Species * '' Harpagoxenus canadensis'' Smith, 1939 * '' Harpagoxenus sublaevis'' (Nylander, 1849) * '' Harpagoxenus zaisanicus'' Pisarski, 1963 References External links * Myrmicinae Ant genera Taxa named by Auguste Forel Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{myrmicinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptothorax
''Leptothorax'' is a genus of small ants with mainly Holarctic distributions. The genus is notable for its widespread social parasitism, i.e. they are dependent on the help of workers from other ant species during a part or the whole of their life cycles. Closely related genera are ''Cardiocondyla'', '' Stereomyrmex'' and '' Romblonella''. Species *''Leptothorax acervorum ''Leptothorax acervorum'' is a small brown to yellow ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793. ''L. acervorum'' is vastly distributed across the globe, most commonly found in the coniferous fore ...'' (Fabricius, 1793) *'' Leptothorax athabasca'' Buschinger & Schulz, 2008 *'' Leptothorax buschingeri'' Kutter, 1967 *'' Leptothorax calderoni'' Creighton, 1950 *'' Leptothorax crassipilis'' Wheeler, 1917 *'' Leptothorax faberi'' Buschinger, 1983 *'' Leptothorax goesswaldi'' Kutter, 1967 *'' Leptothorax gredleri'' Mayr, 1855 *'' Leptothorax kutteri'' Buschinger, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formicoxenus
''Formicoxenus'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Species * ''Formicoxenus chamberlini'' (Wheeler, 1904) * '' Formicoxenus diversipilosus'' (Smith, 1939) * '' Formicoxenus hirticornis'' (Emery, 1895) * '' Formicoxenus nitidulus'' (Nylander, 1846) * '' Formicoxenus provancheri'' (Emery, 1895) * '' Formicoxenus quebecensis'' Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985 * ''Formicoxenus sibiricus ''Formicoxenus sibiricus'' is a species of ant in the genus ''Formicoxenus''. It is Endemism, endemic to Russia. References Myrmicinae Hymenoptera of Asia Insects of Russia Endemic fauna of Russia Insects described in 1899 Taxonomy artic ...'' (Forel, 1899) References External links * Myrmicinae Ant genera Taxa named by Gustav Mayr Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{myrmicinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
