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Tabulata
Tabulata, commonly known as tabulate corals, is a class of extinct corals. They are almost always colonial, forming colonies of individual hexagonal cells known as corallites defined by a skeleton of calcite, similar in appearance to a honeycomb. Adjacent cells are joined by small pores. Their distinguishing feature is their well-developed horizontal internal partitions (''tabulae'') within each cell, but reduced or absent vertical internal partitions ( ''septa''). They are usually smaller than rugose corals, but vary considerably in shape, from flat to conical to spherical. Around 300 species have been described. Among the most common tabulate corals in the fossil record are '' Aulopora'', '' Favosites'', '' Halysites'', '' Heliolites'', '' Pleurodictyum'', ''Sarcinula'' and '' Syringopora''. Tabulate corals with massive skeletons often contain endobiotic symbionts, such as cornulitids and '' Chaetosalpinx''. Like rugose corals, they lived entirely during the Paleozoic, being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coral
Corals are colonial marine invertebrates within the subphylum Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically form compact Colony (biology), colonies of many identical individual polyp (zoology), polyps. Coral species include the important Coral reef, reef builders that inhabit tropical oceans and secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard skeleton. A coral "group" is a colony of very many cloning, genetically identical polyps. Each polyp is a sac-like animal typically only a few millimeters in diameter and a few centimeters in height. A set of tentacles surround a central mouth opening. Each polyp excretes an exoskeleton near the base. Over many generations, the colony thus creates a skeleton characteristic of the species which can measure up to several meters in size. Individual colonies grow by asexual reproduction of polyps. Corals also breed sexually by spawning: polyps of the same species release gametes simultaneously overnight, often around a full moon. Fertilized eggs form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stromatoporoidea
Stromatoporoidea is an extinct clade of sea sponges common in the fossil record from the Middle Ordovician to the Late Devonian.Stock, C.W. 2001, Stromatoporoidea, 1926–2000: ''Journal of Paleontology'', v. 75, p. 1079–1089. They can be characterized by their densely layered calcite skeletons lacking Sponge spicule, spicules. Stromatoporoids were among the most abundant and important reef-builders of their time, living close together in flat biostromes or elevated bioherms on soft tropical carbonate platforms. Externally, some species have raised bumps (mamelons) and star-shaped crevices (astrorhizae), which together help vent exhalant water away from the living surface. Internally, stromatoporoids have a mesh-like skeletal system combining extensive horizontal layers (laminae), vertical rods (pillars), and boxy spaces (galleries), along with other features. The most common growth forms range from laminar (flattened) to domical (dome-shaped). Spheroidal, finger-like, or tree-l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Favositida
Favositida is an extinct suborder of prehistoric corals in the order Tabulata. These corals thrived from the Ordovician to the end of the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ... period, roughly between 471.8 and 252 million years ago. The fossil remains of Favositida species distinctly have honeycomb-like structure. References External links * Prehistoric animal suborders Tabulata {{paleo-hexacorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syringopora
''Syringopora'' is an extinct genus of phaceloid tabulate coral. It has been found in rocks ranging in age from the Ordovician to the Permian, although it was most widespread during the Silurian, Devonian, and Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a Geologic time scale, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era that spans 60 million years, from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the ... periods. Among other places, it has been found in the Columbus Limestone in Ohio, and in the Spring Branch Member of the Lecompton Limestone in Kansas. References Tabulata Prehistoric Hexacorallia genera Late Devonian animals Devonian animals of North America Paleozoic life of Ontario Paleozoic life of Alberta Paleozoic life of British Columbia Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories Paleozoic life of Nunavut Paleozoic life of Quebec Paleozoic life of Yukon {{paleo-hexacorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliolites
''Heliolites'' is a large and heterogenous genus of extinct tabulate corals in the family Heliolitidae. Specimens have been found in Ordovician to Devonian beds in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The genus is particularly abundant in the Wellin Member of the Hanonet Formation of Belgium. Members of the genus are distinguished by a prominent tubular coenenchyme (the tissue linking neighboring polyps) with 14–17 tubules around each corallite A corallite is the skeletal cup, formed by an individual stony coral polyp, in which the polyp sits and into which it can retract. The cup is composed of aragonite, a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and is secreted by the polyp. Corallit ... (the stony cup in which each polyp sits.) References Silurian cnidarians Tabulata Prehistoric cnidarian genera Fossil taxa described in 1846 Paleozoic invertebrates of Europe Paleozoic invertebrates of Oceania {{coral-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Favosites
''Favosites'' is an extinct genus of tabulate coral characterized by polygonal closely packed corallites (giving it the common name "honeycomb coral"). The walls between corallites are pierced by pores known as mural pores which allowed transfer of nutrients between polyps. ''Favosites'', like many corals, thrived in warm sunlit seas, feeding by filtering microscopic plankton with their stinging tentacles and often forming part of reef complexes. The genus had a worldwide distribution from the Late Ordovician to Late Permian. Distribution ''Favosites'' had a vast distribution, and its fossils can be found on every continent (except Antarctica). Species The following species of ''Favosites'' have been described:''Favosites'' at |
Chaetosalpinx
''Chaetosalpinx'' is an ichnogenus of bioclaustrations (a type of trace fossil). ''Chaetosalpinx'' includes straight to sinuous cavities that are parallel to the host's axis of growth. The cavity is circular to oval in cross-section and it lacks a wall lining or floor-like tabulae. They are common in tabulate and rugose corals from Late Ordovician to Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian per ... of Europe and North America. They may have been parasites. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5066726 Trace fossils Silurian animals Devonian animals Late Devonian animals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurodictyum
''Pleurodictyum'' is an extinct genus of tabulate corals, characterized by polygonal corallites. Colonies commonly encrust hard substrates such as rocks, shells and carbonate hardgrounds. Distribution Fossils of ''Pleurodictyum'' have been found in:''Pleurodictyum'' at .org ;Silurian Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Tajikistan, and the United States (Kentucky, Wisconsin) ;Devonian Algeria, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada (Ontario), China, Colombia ( Floresta Formation, |
Halysites
''Halysites'' (meaning ''chain coral'') is an extinct genus of tabulate coral. Colonies range from less than one to tens of centimeters in diameter, and they fed upon plankton. These tabulate corals lived from the Ordovician to the Devonian (from 449.5 to 412.3 Ma). Fossils of ''Halysites'' species have been found in the sediments of North America, Europe, Asia and Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl .... Species Species in the genus ''Halysites'' include: * ''Halysites catenularia'' Linnaeus, 1767 * ''Halysites encrustans'' Buehler * ''Halysites grandis'' Sharkova, 1981 * ''Halysites infundibuliformis'' Buehler * ''Halysites junior'' Klaamann, 1961 * ''Halysites louisvillensis'' Stumm * ''Halysites meandrina'' Troost * ''Halysites magnitubus'' Buehler * ''H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aulopora
''Aulopora'' is an extinct genus of tabulate coral characterized by a bifurcated budding pattern and conical corallite A corallite is the skeletal cup, formed by an individual stony coral polyp, in which the polyp sits and into which it can retract. The cup is composed of aragonite, a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and is secreted by the polyp. Corallit ...s. Colonies commonly encrust hard substrates such as rocks, shells and carbonate hardgrounds. References Tabulata Prehistoric cnidarian genera Fossil taxa described in 1829 Paleozoic life of Ontario Paleozoic life of Alberta Paleozoic life of Manitoba Paleozoic life of New Brunswick Paleozoic life of Newfoundland and Labrador Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories Paleozoic life of Nunavut Paleozoic life of Quebec {{Paleo-anthozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordovician
The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era, and the second of twelve periods of the Phanerozoic Eon (geology), Eon. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period Megaannum, Ma (million years ago) to the start of the Silurian Period Ma. The Ordovician, named after the Celtic Britons, Welsh tribe of the Ordovices, was defined by Charles Lapworth in 1879 to resolve a dispute between followers of Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison, who were placing the same Rock (geology), rock beds in North Wales in the Cambrian and Silurian systems, respectively. Lapworth recognized that the fossil fauna in the disputed Stratum, strata were different from those of either the Cambrian or the Silurian systems, and placed them in a system of their own. The Ordovician received international approval in 1960 (forty years after Lapworth's death), when it was adopted as an official per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and recover. As a species' potential Range (biology), range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxon, Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the Fossil, fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Over five billion species are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryotes globally, possibly many times more if microorganisms are included. Notable extinct animal species include Dinosaur, non-avian dinosaurs, Machairodontinae, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
