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Sura Academy
Sura Academy (Hebrew: ישיבת סורא) was a Jewish yeshiva located in Sura, Babylonia. With Pumbedita Academy, it was one of the two major Jewish academies from the year 225 CE at the beginning of the era of the Amora sages until 1033 CE at the end of the era of the Gaonim. Sura Yeshiva Academy was founded by the Amora Abba Arika ("Rav"), a disciple of Judah ha-Nasi. Among the well-known sages that headed the yeshiva were Rav Huna, Rav Chisda, Rav Ashi, Yehudai Gaon, Natronai Gaon, Saadia Gaon, and others. History Rav (Abba Arikha) arrived at Sura city to find no lively Jewish religious public life, and since he was worried about the continuity of the Jewish community in Babylonia, he left his colleague Samuel of Nehardea in Nehardea and began working to establish the yeshiva that would become Sura Academy. Upon Rav's arrival, teachers from surrounding cities and towns descended upon Sura. The Academy of Sura was formally founded in the year 225 CE, several years after R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Iraq
The flag of Iraq ( ar, علم العراق Kurdish languages: الله اكبر) includes the three equal horizontal red, white, and black stripes of the Pan-Arab colors, Arab Liberation flag, with the phrase "Allahu Akbar, God is the greatest" in Arabic written in Kufic, Kufic script in the center''.'' This basic tricolor has been in use since its adoption on 31 July 1963, with several changes to the green symbols in the central white stripes; the most recent version adopted on 22 January 2008 bears the ''takbīr'' rendered in dark green and removes the three green stars present since 1963. The northern autonomous provinces of Kurdistan Region emerged as an autonomous entity inside Iraq with its own local government and parliament. The Kurdistan Regional Government uses a separate flag known as the flag of Kurdistan which was adopted in 1992. Color scheme Valid for Iraqi flags 1963–present History 1921–1959 The first flag of modern Iraq was in Mandatory Iraq, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abba Arikha
Abba Arikha (175–247 CE; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: ; born: ''Rav Abba bar Aybo'', ), commonly known as Rav (), was a Jewish amora of the 3rd century. He was born and lived in Kafri, Asoristan, in the Sasanian Empire. Abba Arikha established at Sura the systematic study of the rabbinic traditions, which, using the Mishnah as text, led to the compilation of the Talmud. With him began the long period of ascendancy of the great Talmudic Academies in Babylonia around the year 220. In the Talmud, he is frequently associated with Samuel of Nehardea, with whom he debated many issues. Biography His surname, Arikha (English: ''the Tall''), he owed to his height, which exceeded that of his contemporaries. Others, reading Arekha, consider it an honorary title, "Lecturer". In the traditional literature he is referred to almost exclusively as Rav, "the Master", (both his contemporaries and posterity recognizing in him a master), just as his teacher, Judah HaNasi, was known simply as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rav Ena
Rav Ena ( he, רב עינא, read as ''Rav Ena'') was a Jewish Savora sage of the second generation of the Savora era. He headed the Sura (city), Sura academy and was a counterpart of R. Simuna, head of the Yeshiva in Pumbedita. According to the ''Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon'', R. Ena and R. Simuna added-on anonymous annotations to the Babylonian Talmud, during the process of the Savora arrangement of the Talmud, that included adding additional clarification and Halkhaic rulings. Some scholars identify him with Rav Giza Jewish Encyclopedia;Article (רב גיזא). Died in year 540 AD (שנת ד'ש'; Hebrew calendar). References Rabbis of Academy of Sura Savoraim {{MEast-rabbi-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravina II
Ravina II or Rabina II (Hebrew: רב אבינא בר רב הונא or רבינא האחרון; died 475 CE or 500 CE) was a Babylonian rabbi of the 5th century (seventh and eighth generations of amoraim). He, along with his teacher Rav Ashi, were considered "the end of Hora'ah (teaching)". Traditionally both of them are regarded as responsible for redacting the Babylonian Talmud. Biography Most scholars agree that the rabbi here in question was Ravina the son of R. Huna, and not Ravina the colleague of Rav Ashi who died before Rav Ashi. He did not remember his father, R. Huna, who died while Ravina was still a child, but the Talmud states several times that his mother communicated to him the opinions held by his father. After his father's death, his maternal uncle Ravina I became his guardian. Ravina II officiated as judge at Sura shortly after Rav Ashi's death, and was a colleague of Mar bar Rav Ashi, although he was not so prominent. After Rabbah Tosafa'ah's death, Ravina b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbah Tosafa'ah
Rabbah Tosafa'ah ( he, רבה תוספאה or he, רבא תוספאה) was a Babylonian rabbi, of the eighth generation of amoraim. Biography Opinions differ on the origin of his second name, "Tosefa'ah", seemingly from the Aramaic word ''tosefta'' (addition). According to one theory, the Talmud was substantially complete by this point, and he "added on" to the already existing work. Others say he was an expert in the braitot and Tosefta which supplement the main works of the Oral Torah. According to a third approach, "Tosefa'ah" derives from his place of origin, perhaps Tushpa. He was a pupil of Ravina I and a contemporary of Ravina II, with whom, sometimes, he is mentioned in the Talmud. He succeeded Mar bar Rav Ashi as head of the Sura Academy, a position he held for six years (approximately 467-474). He died in 494. Teachings A few independent decisions of Rabbah have been preserved. One of them assumes that a woman's pregnancy may extend from nine to twelve months. He is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mar B
Mar, mar or MAR may refer to: Culture * Mar or Mor, an honorific in Syriac * Earl of Mar, an earldom in Scotland * MAA (singer) (born 1986), Japanese * Marathi language, by ISO 639-2 language code * March, as an abbreviation for the third month of the year in the Gregorian calendar * Biblical abbreviation for the Gospel of Mark Places * Mar, Isfahan, a village in Iran * Mar, Markazi, a village in Iran * Mar, Russia, in the Sakha Republic * Marr, a region of Scotland * Mesoamerican region, an economic region * Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a ridge on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean People * Mar (surname), a Chinese and Scottish surname (including a list of people with the surname) * Mar Abhai, a saint of the Syriac Orthodox Church * Mar Amongo (1936–2005), a Filipino illustrator * Mar Cambrollé (born 1957), Spanish trans rights activist * Mar Roxas (born 1957), Filipino politician Other uses * ''MÄR'' (''Marchen Awakens Romance''), a 2003 Japanese manga series * ''Mar'' (bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nachman Ben R
Nachman, also Nahman is a Yiddish surname and given name, similar to the German surname Nachmann. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Dana Nachman, American documentary filmmaker * Gerald Nachman (born 1938), American journalist and writer *Jerry Nachman (1946–2004), American journalist * Jim Nachman, American politician *Rav Nachman (died 320), Jewish Talmudist *Ron Nachman (1942–2013), Israeli politician Fictional characters *Raphael Nachman, fictional mathematician in the late stories of Leonard Michaels Given name *Rebbe Nachman of Breslov *Rebbe Nachman of Horodenka *Nachman Aronszajn (1907–1980), Polish-American mathematician *Nachman Ben-Yehuda, Israeli sociologist * Nahman Berlin (), German writer *Nachman Bulman (1925–2002), American rabbi * Nachman Chazan (1813–1884), Ukrainian Orthodox Jew * Nachman Dushanski (1919–2008), Lithuanian communist * Nachman Fahrner (born 1972), Israeli musician * Nachman Goldstein (died 1894), Ukrainian Orthodox rabbi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idi Ben Abin II
Idi or IDI may refer to: People * Idi Amin (c. 1925–2003), President of Uganda and military officer * Idi b. Abin Naggara, 4th century Jewish Babylonian rabbi * Idi Othman Guda (1941–2015), Nigerian politician * Idi Papez, Austrian 1930s pair skater Acronym * ICT Development Index, an index published by the United Nations International Telecommunication Union * Image Diffusion International, a television production company * Inclusive Development Index, an annual economic index * Indian Diamond Institute, school in the fields of diamonds, gems and jewellery in India * Industrial Developments International, a privately held real estate investment trust * Infectious Diseases Institute, a Ugandan not-for-profit organization * ''Inspector Dawood Ibrahim'', a 2016 Indian Malayalam action-comedy film * Institut de Droit International, an organization devoted to the study of international law * Interactive Design Institute, Edinburgh, providing online courses in art and design * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maremar
Maremar (Hebrew: מרימר) was a Babylonian rabbi, of the sixth generation of amoraim (late 4th-early 5th centuries). Biography He was close to Mar Zutra. They constructed synagogues together, would both give sermons following the shacharit prayer on Shabbat, and would both rely on someone supporting them to ensure they recited kiddush levana Kiddush Levanah () is a Jewish ritual, performed outside at night, in which a series of prayers are recited to bless the new moon. History The source of the Kiddush Levana is in the Babylonian Talmud: : Rabbi Yochanan taught that one who bless ... while standing. He was also friends with Ravina I, and they are mentioned together in many halachic contexts. Once a man left Maremar's house having received a halachic ruling. Rav Aha b. Raba was outside at the time and asked which ruling he had received. Aha considered the answer to be wrong, so he sent the man back inside to hear the ruling again. When asked again, Maremar gave the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosh Yeshiva
Rosh yeshiva ( he, ראש ישיבה, pl. he, ראשי ישיבה, '; Anglicized pl. ''rosh yeshivas'') is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and the Torah, and ''halakha'' (Jewish law). The general role of the rosh yeshiva is to oversee the Talmudic studies and practical matters. The rosh yeshiva will often give the highest '' shiur'' (class) and is also the one to decide whether to grant permission for students to undertake classes for rabbinical ordination, known as '' semicha''. The term is a compound of the Hebrew words ''rosh'' ("head") and ''yeshiva'' (a school of religious Jewish education). The rosh yeshiva is required to have a comprehensive knowledge of the Talmud and the ability to analyse and present new perspectives, called '' chidushim'' ( novellae) verbally and often in print. In some institutions, such as YU's Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torah
The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the same as Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses. It is also known in the Jewish tradition as the Written Torah (, ). If meant for liturgic purposes, it takes the form of a Torah scroll ('' Sefer Torah''). If in bound book form, it is called ''Chumash'', and is usually printed with the rabbinic commentaries (). At times, however, the word ''Torah'' can also be used as a synonym for the whole of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, in which sense it includes not only the first five, but all 24 books of the Hebrew Bible. Finally, Torah can even mean the totality of Jewish teaching, culture, and practice, whether derived from biblical texts or later rabbinic writings. The latter is often known as the Oral Torah. Representing the core of the Jewish spi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matha-Mehasia
Sura ( syr, ܫܘܪܐ) was a city in the southern part of the area called by ancient Jewish sources Babylonia, located east of the Euphrates. It was well-known for its agricultural produce, which included grapes, wheat, and barley. It was also a major center of Torah scholarship and home of an important yeshiva - the Sura Academy - which, together with the yeshivas in Pumbedita and Nehardea, gave rise to the Babylonian Talmud. Location According to Sherira Gaon, Sura ( arc, סורא) was identical to the town of Mata Mehasya, which is also mentioned in the Talmud, but Mata Mehasya is cited in the Talmud many times, either as a nearby town or a suburb of Sura, and the Talmudist academy in Mata Mehasya served as a branch of Sura Academy, which was founded by Abba Arikha in the third century. A contemporary Syriac source describes it as a town completely inhabited by Jews, situated between Māḥōzē and al-Hirah in the Sawad. A responsum of Natronai ben Hilai says that Sura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
