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Spirurida
Spirurida is an order of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Some Spirurida, like the genus '' Gongylonema'', can cause disease in humans. One such disease is a skin infection with Spirurida larvae, called " creeping disease". Some species are known as eyeworms and infect the orbital cavity of animal hosts. Systematics The Camallanida are sometimes included herein as a suborder, and the Drilonematida are sometimes placed here as a superfamily. There are doubts about the internal systematics of the Spirurida, and some groups placed herein might belong to other spirurian or even secernentea Secernentea was a class of nematodes in the Classical Phylogeny System (Chitwood, 1958) and is no longer in use. This morphological-based classification system has been replaced by the Modern Phylogeny system, where taxonomy assignment is based o ...n lineages.ToL (2002) The following superfamilies are at least provision ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirurida
Spirurida is an order of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Some Spirurida, like the genus '' Gongylonema'', can cause disease in humans. One such disease is a skin infection with Spirurida larvae, called " creeping disease". Some species are known as eyeworms and infect the orbital cavity of animal hosts. Systematics The Camallanida are sometimes included herein as a suborder, and the Drilonematida are sometimes placed here as a superfamily. There are doubts about the internal systematics of the Spirurida, and some groups placed herein might belong to other spirurian or even secernentea Secernentea was a class of nematodes in the Classical Phylogeny System (Chitwood, 1958) and is no longer in use. This morphological-based classification system has been replaced by the Modern Phylogeny system, where taxonomy assignment is based o ...n lineages.ToL (2002) The following superfamilies are at least provision ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creeping Disease
Spirurida is an order of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Some Spirurida, like the genus '' Gongylonema'', can cause disease in humans. One such disease is a skin infection with Spirurida larvae, called " creeping disease". Some species are known as eyeworms and infect the orbital cavity of animal hosts. Systematics The Camallanida are sometimes included herein as a suborder, and the Drilonematida are sometimes placed here as a superfamily. There are doubts about the internal systematics of the Spirurida, and some groups placed herein might belong to other spirurian or even secernentean lineages.ToL (2002) The following superfamilies are at least provisionally placed in the Spirurida: * Acuarioidea * Aproctoidea * Diplotriaenoidea * Filarioidea The Filarioidea are a superfamily of highly specialised parasitic nematodes. Species within this superfamily are known as filarial worms or filariae (singula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thelazioidea
Thelazioidea is a superfamily of spirurian nematodes in the large order Spirurida. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Among the families placed here, only the Rhabdochonidae are notably diverse. though none is considered to be monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ... Consequently, the Thelazioidea are among the mid-sized superfamilies of Spirurida. The families of the Thelazioidea are: * Pneumospiruridae * Rhabdochonidae * Thelaziidae References Spirurida Animal superfamilies {{Secernentea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secernentea
Secernentea was a class of nematodes in the Classical Phylogeny System (Chitwood, 1958) and is no longer in use. This morphological-based classification system has been replaced by the Modern Phylogeny system, where taxonomy assignment is based on small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA). Characteristics of Secernentea are: * Amphid apertures are pore/slit-like * Derids are present in some; located near nerve ring * Phasmids are present; posterior * Excretory system is tubular * Cuticle is striated in two to four layers; lateral field is present * Three esophageal glands; esophageal structure varies * Males generally have one testis * Caudal alae are common * Sensory papillae are cephalic only; may be caudal papillae in males * Mostly terrestrial * Rarely found in fresh or marine water Systematics Subclasses and orders of Secernentea are: Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2002)Nematoda. Version of January 1, 2002. Retrieved November 2, 2008. * Subclass Rhabditia (paraphyletic?) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiruria
Subclass Spiruria comprises mostly parasitic secernentean nematodes. In an alternate classification, they are treated as suborder Spirurina, with the orders listed here being ranked as infraorders. The Ascaridida and the Oxyurida, which include worms that infect many mammals (including marine mammals), are sometimes placed in subclass Rhabditia. But that seems as spurious as the erstwhile placement of the Rhigonematida in subclass Tylenchia. The Camallanida and Drilonematida are sometimes included in the Spirurida as suborder and superfamily, respectively.ToL (2002) Some important species *Giant roundworm (''Ascaris lumbricoides''), causes ascariasis in humans *''Toxocara canis'', parasite of dogs *''Anisakis'', responsible for the human disease Anisakiasis ''Anisakis'' (a·nuh·saa·keez) is a genus of parasitic nematodes that have life cycles involving fish and marine mammals. They are infective to humans and cause anisakiasis. People who produce immunoglobulin E in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiruroidea
Spiruroidea is a superfamily of Spirurida Spirurida is an order of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Some Spirurida, like the genus '' Gongylonema'', can cause disease in humans. One such disease is a skin infection w .... They are nematodes. References External links * Spirurida Animal superfamilies {{Secernentea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habronematoidea
Habronematoidea is a superfamily of spirurian nematodes in the large order Spirurida. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. Though none of the families placed here are overly diverse, they are quite large except for the monotypic Hedruridae. Consequently, the Habronematoidea are at present the second-largest superfamily of Spirurida, after the Filarioidea which contains the massively speciose Onchocercidae The Onchocercidae are a family of nematodes in the superfamily Filarioidea. This family includes some of the most devastating human parasitic diseases, such as lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, and other filariases. Represent .... The families of the Habronematoidea are: * Cystidicolidae * Habronematidae * Hedruridae * Tetrameridae References Spirurida Animal superfamilies {{Secernentea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplotriaenoidea
Diplotriaenidae is a family of spirurian nematodes. Like all their relatives, they have neither a circulatory a or respiratory system. They are the only family in superfamily Diplotriaenoidea, if the Oswaldofilariidae are correctly placed with the Filarioidea The Filarioidea are a superfamily of highly specialised parasitic nematodes. Species within this superfamily are known as filarial worms or filariae (singular filaria). Infections with parasitic filarial worms cause disease conditions generica ... and not here. Systematics Subfamilies and genera of Diplotriaenidae are: Subfamily Diplotriaeninae *'' Quadriplotriaena'' *'' Diplotriaena'' - includes ''Diplotriaenoides'' *'' Chabaudiella'' Subfamily Dicheilonematinae *'' Monopetalonema'' - includes ''Politospiculum'' and ''Ornithosetaria'' *'' Petrovifilaria'' *'' Dicheilonema'' - includes ''Contortospiculum'' *'' Hastospiculum '' - includes ''Setarospiculum'' *'' Hamatospiculum'' - includes ''Parhamatospiculum'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gongylonema
''Gongylonema'' is a genus of thread-like nematode that was described by Molin in 1857. It is the only currently valid genus in the family Gongylonematidae, though the mysterious '' Spiruroides'' – usually placed in the Subuluridae, which are not closely related to ''Gongylonema'' among the Spiruria – might actually belong here. They are parasites of birds and mammals, transmitted by insects (especially beetles). Some 38 species are known, about 12 of which have been recorded in Europe. Several species are significant parasites of domestic animals, causing gongylonemiasis. Human infection by these nematodes is very rare: since its discovery fewer than 100 people have been reported to be infected with these parasites, always with the species '' G. pulchrum''. Species * '' Gongylonema aegypti'' Ashour & Lewis, 1986 * '' Gongylonema aequispicularis'' Kadenazii, 1957 * '' Gongylonema alecturae'' Johnston & Mawson, 1942 * '' Gongylonema baylisi'' Freitas & Lent, 1937 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acuarioidea
Acuariidae is a family of spirurian nematodes. Like all nematodes, they have neither a circulatory nor a respiratory system. They are the only family in superfamily Acuarioidea, and number about 40 genera and 300 species, most of which are parasites of birds.Hallan (2007) Genera Several genera, particularly in the Seuratiinae, are monotypic. At least some of them are liable to be invalid. Subfamily Acuariinae Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 * ''Acuaria'' Bremser, 1811 * '' Cheilospirura'' Diesing, 1861 * '' Chevreuxia'' Seurat, 1918 * '' Chordatortilis'' Mendonça & Rodrigues, 1965 * '' Chordocephalus'' Alegret, 1941 * '' Cosmocephalus'' Molin, 1858 * '' Decorataria'' Sobolev, 1949 (sometimes included in ''Syncuaria'') * '' Desportesius'' Chabaud & Campana, 1949 * ''Dispharynx'' Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 (sometimes included in ''Synhimantus'') * '' Echinuria'' Soloviev, 1912 * '' Paracuaria'' Krishna Rao, 1951 * '' Pectinospirura'' Wehr, 1933 * '' Sexansocara'' Sobole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filarioidea
The Filarioidea are a superfamily of highly specialised parasitic nematodes. Species within this superfamily are known as filarial worms or filariae (singular filaria). Infections with parasitic filarial worms cause disease conditions generically known as filariasis. Drugs against these worms are known as filaricides. Introduction Filarioidea all are specialised parasites and the definitive host is always a vertebrate, a mammal, bird, reptile or amphibian, but ''not'' a fish. The intermediate host is always an arthropod. Most of Filarioidea parasitise wild species, birds in particular, but some, especially in the family Onchocercidae, attack mammals, including humans and some domestic animals. Conditions that result from parasitism by Onchocercidae include some of the most troublesome diseases of the warmer regions, including river blindness and elephantiasis. Taxonomy The Filarioidea include several families: *Aproctidae * Creagrocercidae * Drilonematidae * Filariidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirofilaria Immitis
''Dirofilaria immitis'', also known as heartworm or dog heartworm, is a parasitic roundworm that is a type of filarial worm, a small thread-like worm, that causes dirofilariasis. It is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. There are four genera of mosquitoes that transmit dirofilariasis, ''Aedes'', ''Culex'', ''Anopheles'', and '' Mansonia''. The definitive host is the dog, but it can also infect cats, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, ferrets, bears, seals, sea lions and, under rare circumstances, humans. Adult heartworms often reside in the pulmonary arterial system ( lung arteries) as well as the heart, and a major health effect in the infected animal host is a manifestation of damage to its lung vessels and tissues. In cases involving advanced worm infestation, adult heartworms may migrate to the right heart and the pulmonary artery. Heartworm infection may result in serious complications for the infected host if left untreated, eventually leading t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
