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Soviet Deportations From Bessarabia And Northern Bukovina
The Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina took place between late 1940 and 1951 and were part of Joseph Stalin's policy of political repression of the potential opposition to the Soviet power (see Population transfer in the Soviet Union). The deported were typically moved to so-called "special settlements" (спецпоселения) (see '' Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union''). The deportations began after the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, which occurred in June 1940. According to a secret Soviet Ministry of Interior report dated December 1965, 46,000 people were deported from the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic for the period 1940−1953. 1940–1941 As a result of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, the Romanian government was forced to accept the Soviet ultimatum of June 26, 1940, and withdrew from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina. These regions (as well as the Hertsa region) were then incorporated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Occupation Of Bessarabia And Northern Bukovina 07
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk (Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent ( Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (russian: Республика Коми; kv, Коми Республика), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. Its capital is the city of Syktyvkar. The population of the republic as of the 2010 Census was 901,189. History The Komi people first feature in the records of the Novgorod Republic in the 12th century, when East Slavic traders from Novgorod traveled to the Perm region in search of furs and animal hides. The Komi territories came under the influence of Muscovy in the late Middle Ages (late 15th to early 16th centuries). The site of Syktyvkar, settled from the 16th century, was known as Sysolskoye (Сысольскoe). In 1780, under Catherine the Great, it was renamed to Ust-Sysolsk (Усть-Сысольск) and used as a penal colony. Russians explored the Komi territory most extensively in the 19th and early 20th centuries, starting with the expedition led by Alexander von Keyser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanians
The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Romanian census found that just under 89% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians. In one interpretation of the 1989 census results in Moldova, the majority of Moldovans were counted as ethnic Romanians.''Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook By'' David Levinson, Published 1998 – Greenwood Publishing Group.At the time of the 1989 census, Moldova's total population was 4,335,400. The largest nationality in the republic, ethnic Romanians, numbered 2,795,000 persons, accounting for 64.5 percent of the population. Source U.S. Library of Congress "however it is one interpretation of census data results. The subject of Moldovan vs Romanian ethnicity touches upon the sensitive topic ofMoldova's national ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Cașu
Igor Cașu (born October 8, 1973 in Borogani) is a historian from the Republic of Moldova. Biography Igor Cașu was born on October 8, 1973 in Borogani, district Comrat, now in Leova. He studied history for 3 years at State University of Moldova and then transferred to University of Iași where he graduated with an MA in History in 1995 and subsequently defended his PhD at the same university – University of Iași - in 2000. The subject of his Ph.D. was S''oviet Nationalities Politicy in Moldavia, 1944–1989''. In 2000 fall semester he was Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence at Lenoir-Rhyne College in Hickory, North Carolina, teaching a course on ''Balkan History and Politics in the 20th Century''. He contributed in 2006 to the Presidential Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Romania as expert on former Moldavian SSR. Igor Cașu has been also deputy Chair of the Commission for the analysis of the totalitarian communist regime in the Republic of Moldova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Romania International
Radio România Internaţional ( ro, Radio România Internaţional, or ) is a Romanian radio station owned by the Romanian public radio broadcaster Societatea Română de Radiodifuziune (SRR, the national public radio in Romania) that broadcasts abroad. Prior to 1989, the station was known as Radio Bucharest. According to the Romanian law nr. 41/1994, republished, the SRR produces and broadcasts programmes in the Romanian language and other languages, for worldwide auditorium, to promote the image of Romania, and her internal and external politics. As a result, inside the SRR there is ''Departamentul Radio România Internaţional'' (The Department Radio Romania International) (RRI), that owns two radio stations. Stations *RRI 1 – "Romania Live": As of March 2001, RRI 1 has broadcast daily shows under the heading “Romania, live”, a summary of the shows produced by the main departments in the Romanian Radio Broadcasting Corporation. This summary is broadcast around the clock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolph Rummel
Rudolph Joseph Rummel (October 21, 1932 – March 2, 2014) was an American political scientist and professor at the Indiana University, Yale University, and University of Hawaiʻi. He spent his career studying data on collective violence and war with a view toward helping their resolution or elimination. Contrasting ''genocide'', Rummel coined the term ''democide'' for murder by government, such as the genocide of indigenous peoples and colonialism, Nazi Germany, the Stalinist purges, Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution, and other authoritarian, totalitarian, or undemocratic regimes, coming to the conclusion that democratic regimes result in the least democides. Rummel estimated that a total of 212 million people were killed by all governments during the 20th century, of which 148 million were killed by Communist governments from 1917 to 1987. To give some perspective on these numbers, Rummel stated that all domestic and foreign wars during the 20th century killed in combat around 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchester University Press
Manchester University Press is the university press of the University of Manchester, England and a publisher of academic books and journals. Manchester University Press has developed into an international publisher. It maintains its links with the University. Publishing Manchester University Press publishes monographs and textbooks for academic teaching in higher education. In 2012 it was producing about 145 new books annually and managed a number of journals. Areas of expertise are history, politics and international law, literature and theatre studies, and visual culture. MUP books are marketed and distributed by Oxford University Press in the United States and Canada, and in Australia by Footprint Books; all other global territories are covered from Manchester itself. Some of the press's books were formerly published in the US by Barnes & Noble, Inc., New York. Later the press established an American office in Dover, New Hampshire. Open access Manchester University Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavrentiy Beria
Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria (; rus, Лавре́нтий Па́влович Бе́рия, Lavréntiy Pávlovich Bériya, p=ˈbʲerʲiə; ka, ლავრენტი ბერია, tr, ; – 23 December 1953) was a Georgian Bolshevik and Soviet politician, Marshal of the Soviet Union and state security administrator, chief of the Soviet security, and chief of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) under Joseph Stalin during the Second World War, and promoted to deputy premier under Stalin in 1941. He officially joined the Politburo in 1946. Beria was the longest-lived and most influential of Stalin's secret police chiefs, wielding his most substantial influence during and after the war. Following the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, he was responsible for organizing purges such as the Katyn massacre of 22,000 Polish officers and officials. He would later also orchestrate the forced upheaval of minorities from the Caucasus as head of the NKVD, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergo Goglidze
Sergo Arseni Goglidze (Russian: Сергей (Серго) Арсеньевич Гоглидзе, Georgian: სერგო არსენის ძე გოგლიძე; 1901 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet security officer, NKVD official and Colonel General of State Security. Biography Born in Korta, a village near Kutaisi, Serghei (Sergo) Arsenievici (Arsentievici) Goglidze joined the Cheka in 1921. He served with GPU-NKVD border troops, rising through the ranks. In 1934 he was appointed People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Transcaucasian SFSR, and, from 1937, of the Georgian SSR. Goglidze was a close associate and friend of Lavrentiy Beria, who promoted him to high-level positions. In 1941, he was appointed Plenipotentiary of the People's Commissar's Council in Moldavia ( Romanian territory, occupied by the Soviet Union following the ultimatum of June 26, 1940, itself a direct consequence of the Ribbentrop-Molotov pact), and was put in charge of a major de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. Established in 1917 as NKVD of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the agency was originally tasked with conducting regular police work and overseeing the country's prisons and labor camps. It was disbanded in 1930, with its functions being dispersed among other agencies, only to be reinstated as an all-union commissariat in 1934. The functions of the OGPU (the secret police organization) were transferred to the NKVD around the year 1930, giving it a monopoly over law enforcement activities that lasted until the end of World War II. During this period, the NKVD included both ordinary public order activities, and secret police activities. The NKVD is known for its role in political repression and for carrying out the Great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (Georgian SSR; ka, საქართველოს საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა, tr; russian: Грузинская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Gruzinskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika) was one of the republics of the Soviet Union from its second occupation (by Russia) in 1921 to its independence in 1991. Coterminous with the present-day republic of Georgia, it was based on the traditional territory of Georgia, which had existed as a series of independent states in the Caucasus prior to the first occupation of annexation in the course of the 19th century. The Georgian SSR was formed in 1921 and subsequently incorporated in the Soviet Union in 1922. Until 1936 it was a part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, which existed as a union republic within the USSR. From November 18, 1989, the Georgian SS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eufrosinia Kersnovskaya
Eufrosinia Antonovna Kersnovskaya (russian: Евфроси́ния Анто́новна Керсно́вская; 8 January 1908 – 8 March 1994) was a Russian woman who spent 12 years in Gulag camps and wrote her memoirs in 12 notebooks, 2,200,000 characters, accompanied with 680 pictures. She wrote three copies of the work. In 1968, friends typed samizdat copies, repeating the pictures on the back sides of the sheets. Excerpts from the work were first published in ''Ogonyok'' and ''Znamya'' magazines in 1990, as well as in ''The Observer'' (June 1990). After that, German and French publications followed. In 2001 the complete text, in six volumes, was published in Russia. Biography Eufrosinia Kersnovskaya was born in Odessa to a family of Russian gentry. During the Russian Civil War the family moved to their estate in Bessarabia to become farmers. Bessarabia was soon united with Romania. In 1940, Bessarabia was annexed by the Soviet Union, and the Kersnovskaya family (Eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
