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Shayfeencom
Shayfeencom (Egyptian Arabic: ''We are watching you'') is an initiative that started with three Egyptian women (a prominent TV newscaster, a university professor, and a marketing consultant) to help bring political reform and democracy to Egypt. Shayfeencom is a popular movement, working on monitoring the legality and integrity of the presidential and parliamentary elections in Egypt through the participation of the public. The movement aims to end corruption in the governmental and non-governmental institutions through public monitoring, and aims to educate the public to increase awareness of the principles of democracy. Shayfeencom was officially established in 2005 by a group of non-politically oriented individuals, and started its first monitoring and observation experience in Egypt's first multi-candidate presidential elections. Within the first month of launching the initiative, 5,000 people volunteered and joined online, and over 1,000 volunteers actively participated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothaina Kamel
Bothaina Kamel ( arz, بثينة كامل; born 18 April 1962, in Cairo) is an Egyptian television anchor, activist, and politician. A long-time pro-democracy advocate, particularly in Shayfeencom, her professional career has been marked by repeated conflict with authorities. In June 2011 she announced her candidacy for the Egyptian presidency, although she did not receive enough signatures to make the ballot. She announced on 12 April 2014 that she would run in the 2014 presidential election though she was unable to collect enough endorsements to run. Kamel hosted an Egyptian radio program called ''Nighttime Confessions'' from 1992 to 1998. She later worked as a new presenter for Egyptian state television, and hosted a show called ''Please Understand Me'' on the Saudi Arabian-owned Orbit satellite TV network. In each assignment, she eventually encountered official resistance: ''Confessions'' was cancelled after outcries by religious conservatives; she took a leave of absence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Group
A political group is a group consisting of political parties or legislators of aligned ideologies. A technical group is similar to a political group, but with members of differing ideologies. International terms Equivalent terms are used different countries, including: Argentina (''bloque'' and ''interbloque''), Australia (party room); Austria (''Club''); Belgium (''fractie''/''fraction''/''Fraktion''); Brazil and Portugal ("grupo parlamentar" or, informally, "bancadas"); Germany (''Fraktion''); Italy (''gruppo''), Finland (eduskuntaryhmä/''riksdagsgrupp''); the Netherlands (''fractie''); Poland (''frakcja''), Switzerland (''fraction''/''Fraktion''/''frazione''); and Romania (''grup parlamentar''). A political group in Swiss Federal Assembly is called a ''parliamentary group'', which differs from a parliamentary group in the UK. Examples Armenia In Armenia, political parties often form political groups before running in elections. Prior to the 2021 Armenian parliamentar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Election Monitoring
Election monitoring involves the observation of an election by one or more independent parties, typically from another country or from a non-governmental organization (NGO). The monitoring parties aim primarily to assess the conduct of an election process on the basis of national legislation and of international election standards. There are national and international election observers. Monitors do not directly prevent electoral fraud, but rather record and report instances of suspicious practices. Election observation increasingly looks at the entire electoral process over a long period of time, rather than at election-day proceedings only. The legitimacy of an election can be affected by the criticism of monitors, unless they are themselves seen as biased. A notable individual is often appointed honorary leader of a monitoring organization in an effort to enhance legitimacy of the monitoring process. History The first monitored election was that of an 1857 plebiscite in Molda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hotline
A hotline is a point-to-point communications link in which a call is automatically directed to the preselected destination without any additional action by the user when the end instrument goes off-hook. An example would be a phone that automatically connects to emergency services on picking up the receiver. Therefore, dedicated hotline phones do not need a rotary dial or keypad. A hotline can also be called an automatic signaling, ringdown, or off-hook service. For crises and service True hotlines cannot be used to originate calls other than to preselected destinations. However, in common or colloquial usage, a "hotline" often refers to a call center reachable by dialing a standard telephone number, or sometimes the phone numbers themselves. This is especially the case with 24-hour, noncommercial numbers, such as police tip hotlines or suicide crisis hotlines, which are staffed around the clock and thereby give the appearance of real hotlines. Increasingly, however, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Media
Social media are interactive media technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interests, and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks. While challenges to the definition of ''social media'' arise due to the variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available, there are some common features: # Social media are interactive Web 2.0 Internet-based applications. # User-generated content—such as text posts or comments, digital photos or videos, and data generated through all online interactions—is the lifeblood of social media. # Users create service-specific profiles for the website or app that are designed and maintained by the social media organization. # Social media helps the development of online social networks by connecting a user's profile with those of other individuals or groups. The term ''social'' in regard to media suggests that platforms are user-centric and enable communal ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Corruption
Police corruption is a form of police misconduct in which law enforcement officers end up breaking their political contract and abuse their power for personal gain. This type of corruption may involve one or a group of officers. Internal police corruption is a challenge to public trust, cohesion of departmental policies, human rights and legal violations involving serious consequences. Police corruption can take many forms, such as bribery. Types Soliciting or accepting bribes in exchange for not reporting organized drug or prostitution rings or other illegal activities and violations of law, county and city ordinances and state and federal laws. Bribes may also include leasing unlawful access to proprietary law enforcement databases and systems. Flouting the police code of conduct in order to secure convictions of civilians and suspects—for example, through the use of falsified evidence. There are also situations where law enforcement officers may deliberately and sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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