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Sesto Continente
This page lists chronologically the first achievements in cinema. The development of cinema is characterised by technological breakthroughs, from early experiments in the recording of day-to-day activity, experiments in colour, different formats and sound. From the 1970s, the development of computer-generated imagery became integral to the way that films are produced. In parallel with the developments in technology, its content and the way it reflects society and its concerns and the way society responds to it have changed too. The list attempts to address some of these events. 19th century Pre-1870 1824 *Peter Mark Roget wrote the article ''Explanation of an optical deception in the appearance of the spokes of a wheel when seen through vertical apertures'' which described a stroboscopic illusion. 1832 *Almost simultaneously, around December 1832, the Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau and the Austrian professor of practical geometry Simon Stampfer invented the Phenakistiscope, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer-generated Imagery
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is a specific-technology or application of computer graphics for creating or improving images in Digital art, art, Publishing, printed media, Training simulation, simulators, videos and video games. These images are either static (i.e. still images) or dynamic (i.e. moving images). CGI both refers to 2D computer graphics and (more frequently) 3D computer graphics with the purpose of designing characters, virtual worlds, or scenes and Visual effects, special effects (in films, television programs, commercials, etc.). The application of CGI for creating/improving animations is called ''computer animation'', or ''CGI animation''. History The first feature film to use CGI as well as the composition of live-action film with CGI was ''Vertigo (film), Vertigo'', which used abstract computer graphics by John Whitney (animator), John Whitney in the opening credits of the film. The first feature film to make use of CGI with live action in the storyline of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990s
File:1990s decade montage.png, From top left, clockwise: The Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth after it was launched in 1990; American jets fly over burning oil fields in the 1991 Gulf War; the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993; the World Wide Web gains History of the World Wide Web#1994–2004: Open standards, going global, massive popularity worldwide; Boris Yeltsin greets crowds after the failed August Coup, which leads to the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991; Dolly (sheep), Dolly the sheep is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell; the Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, funeral procession of Diana, Princess of Wales, who Death of Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a 1997 car crash, and was mourned by millions; hundreds of thousands of Tutsi people are killed in the Rwandan genocide of 1994, upright=1.4, thumb rect 1 1 385 312 Hubble Space Telescope rect 392 1 1101 312 Gulf War rect 477 318 1101 718 Oslo Accords rect 723 724 1101 108 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transit Of Venus
A transit of Venus takes place when Venus passes directly between the Sun and the Earth (or any other superior planet), becoming visible against (and hence obscuring a small portion of) the solar disk. During a transit, Venus is visible as a small black circle moving across the face of the Sun. Transits of Venus reoccur periodically. A pair of transits takes place eight years apart in December (Gregorian calendar) followed by a gap of 121.5 years, before another pair occurs eight years apart in June, followed by another gap, of 105.5 years. The dates advance by about two days per 243-year cycle. The periodicity is a reflection of the fact that the orbital periods of Earth and Venus are close to 8:13 and 243:395 commensurabilities. The last pairs of transits occurred on 8 June 2004 and 5–6 June 2012. The next pair of transits will occur on 10–11 December 2117 and 8 December 2125. Transits of Venus were in the past used to determine the size of the Solar System. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Janssen
Pierre Jules César Janssen (22 February 1824 – 23 December 1907), usually known as Jules Janssen, was a French astronomer who, along with English scientist Joseph Norman Lockyer, is credited with discovering the gaseous nature of the solar chromosphere, but there is no justification for the conclusion that he deserves credit for the co-discovery of the element helium. Life, work, and interests Janssen was born in Paris (During Bourbon Restoration in France) into a cultivated family. His father, César Antoine Janssen (born in Paris, 1780 – 1860) was a well known clarinettist from Dutch/Belgian descent (his father, Christianus Janssen, emigrated from Walloon Brabant to Paris). His mother Pauline Marie Le Moyne (1789 – 1871) was a daughter of the architect Paul Guillaume Le Moyne. Pierre Janssen studied mathematics and physics at the faculty of sciences. He taught at the Lycée Charlemagne in 1853, and in the school of architecture 1865 – 1871, but his energies were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenakistiscope
The phenakistiscope (also known by the spellings phénakisticope or phenakistoscope) was the first widespread animation device that created a fluid illusion of motion. Dubbed and ('stroboscopic discs') by its inventors, it has been known under many other names until the French product name became common (with alternative spellings). The phenakistiscope is regarded as one of the first forms of moving media entertainment that paved the way for the future motion picture and film industry. Similar to a GIF animation, it can only show a short continuous loop. Etymology and spelling When it was introduced in the French newspaper in June 1833, the term 'phénakisticope' was explained to be from the root Greek word ''phenakistikos'' (or rather from φενακίζειν ''phenakizein''), meaning "deceiving" or "cheating", and ὄψ ''óps'', meaning "eye" or "face", so it was probably intended loosely as 'optical deception' or 'optical illusion'. The term phénakisticope was f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Stampfer
Simon Ritter von Stampfer (26 October 1792 (according to other sources 1790)), in Windisch-Mattrai, Archbishopric of Salzburg, today called Matrei in Osttirol, Tyrol (state), Tyrol – 10 November 1864 in Vienna) was an Austrian mathematician, Surveying, surveyor and inventor. His most famous invention is that of the stroboscopic disk which has a claim to be the first device to show moving images. Almost simultaneously, a similar device was developed in Belgium (the Phenakistoscope, phenakistiscope). Life Youth and education Simon Ritter von Stampfer was born in Matrei in Osttirol, and was the first son of Bartlmä Stampfer, a weaving, weaver. From 1801 he attended the local school and in 1804 and moved to the Franciscan Gymnasium in Lienz, where he studied until 1807. From there he went to the Lyceum in Salzburg, to study philosophy, however he was not assessed. In 1814 in Munich, he passed the state examination and applied there as a teacher. He chose, however, to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Plateau
Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau (; 14 October 1801 – 15 September 1883) was a Belgian physicist and mathematician. He was one of the first people to demonstrate the illusion of a moving image. To do this, he used counterrotating disks with repeating drawn images in small increments of motion on one and regularly spaced slits in the other. He called this device of 1832 the phenakistiscope. Biography Plateau was born on 14 October 1801, in Brussels. His father, Antoine Plateau ( fr) born in Tournai, was a talented flower painter. At the age of six, the younger Plateau already could read, making him a child prodigy in those times. While attending primary school, he was particularly impressed by a lesson of physics; enchanted by the experiments he observed, he vowed to discover their secrets someday. Plateau spent his school holidays in Marche-les-Dames, with his uncle and his family; his cousin and playfellow was Auguste Payen, who later became an architect and the principal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroboscopic Effect
The stroboscopic effect is a visual optical phenomenon, phenomenon caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous rotational or other cyclic motion is represented by a series of short or instantaneous samples (as opposed to a continuous view) at a sampling rate close to the period of the motion. It accounts for the "wagon-wheel effect", so-called because in video, spoked wheels (such as on horse-drawn wagons) sometimes appear to be turning backwards. A strobe fountain, a stream of water droplets falling at regular intervals lit with a strobe light, is an example of the stroboscopic effect being applied to a cyclic motion that is not rotational. When viewed under normal light, this is a normal water fountain. When viewed under a strobe light with its frequency tuned to the rate at which the droplets fall, the droplets appear to be suspended in mid-air. Adjusting the strobe frequency can make the droplets seemingly move slowly up or down. Depending upon the frequency of illuminatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Mark Roget
Peter Mark Roget ( ; 18 January 1779 – 12 September 1869) was a British physician, natural theologian, Lexicography, lexicographer, and founding secretary of The Portico Library. He is best known for publishing, in 1852, the ''Roget's Thesaurus, Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases'', a classified collection of related words (thesaurus). In 1824, he read a paper to the Royal Society about a peculiar optical illusion which is often (falsely) regarded as the origin of the ancient persistence of vision theory that was later commonly, yet incorrectly, used to explain apparent motion in film and animation. Early life Peter Mark Roget was born in Broadwick Street, Broad Street, Soho, London, the son of Jean (John) Roget (1751–1783), a Genevan cleric born to French parents, and Catherine "Kitty" Romilly, the sister of British politician, abolitionist, and legal reformer Sir Samuel Romilly. His parents were French Huguenots. Following his father's death, the family moved to Edin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
References
A reference is a relationship between Object (philosophy), objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to ''refer to'' the second object. It is called a ''name'' for the second object. The next object, the one to which the first object refers, is called the ''referent'' of the first object. A name is usually a phrase or expression, or some other Symbol, symbolic representation. Its referent may be anything – a material object, a person, an event, an activity, or an abstract concept. References can take on many forms, including: a thought, a sensory perception that is Hearing (sense), audible (onomatopoeia), visual perception, visual (text), olfaction, olfactory, or tactile, emotions, emotional state, relationship with other, spacetime coordinates, symbolic system, symbolic or alpha-numeric grid, alpha-numeric, a physical object, or an energy projection. In some cases, meth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
See Also
See also may refer to: * Citation signal In law, a citation or introductory signal is a set of phrases or words used to clarify the authority (or significance) of a legal citation as it relates to a proposition. It is used in citations to present Authority (textual criticism), authori ..., reference formats which often appear in technical, scientific, and legal documents * cf., an abbreviation for confer, meaning "compare" or "consult" * viz. * q.v. quod vide (which see) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2020s
The 2020s (pronounced "twenty-twenties" or "two thousand [and] twenties"; shortened to "the '20s" and also known as "The Twenties") is the current decade that began on 1 January 2020, and will end on 31 December 2029. The 2020s began with the COVID-19 pandemic. The first reports of SARS-CoV-2, the virus were published on 31 December 2019, though the Origin of SARS-CoV-2, first cases are said to have appeared nearly a month earlier. The pandemic led to COVID-19 recession, a global economic recession, 2021–2023 inflation surge, a sustained rise in global inflation for the first time since the 1970s, and 2021–2023 global supply chain crisis, a global supply chain crisis. The World Health Organization declared the virus a State of emergency, global state of emergency from March 2020 to May 2023. Several anti-government protest, demonstrations and rebellion, revolts occurred in the early 2020s, including a continuation of those in 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests, Hong Kong agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
